A rapid test to measure performance,emission and wear of a diesel engine fueled with palm oil diesel

Results of performance, emission and tribological evaluations of palm oil methyl ester and its blends with conventional diesel in an automobile diesel engine test bed are presented. Polymerization and carbon deposits on the fuel injector were monitored. CO, CO₂, O₂, combustion efficiency and temperature of exhaust gases were also measured. Palm oil methyl ester and its blends have great potential as alternative diesel fuel. Performance and exhaust gas emission for palm oil methyl ester and its blends with conventional diesel are comparable with those of conventional diesel fuel. Palm oil methyl ester does not pose a severe environmental problem and will not deteriorate engine and bearing components.     

Structural changes in air aged and poisoned diesel catalysts

Laboratory-scale ageing and poisoning procedures were performed on selected diesel catalysts. The results showed that phosphorus poisoning together with high temperature ageing has a strong effect on the catalytic activity and microstructure of platinum containing catalysts. Phosphorus poisoning contaminated the catalysts resulting in phosphate formation, e.g. CePO₄ and AlPO₄. Poisoning and air ageing increased platinum particle-size and washcoat grain-size.     

柴油发动机活塞静强度分析

针对铁路运输向高速重载方向发展对机车发动机性能要求不断提高的问题,为确保柴油发动机工作的可靠性,对其活塞进行静强度分析.用HyperMesh建立某柴油发动机活塞的三维有限元模型,利用ANSYS对其进行有限元分析.综合考虑热负荷与机械负荷的耦合作用,确定活塞最大应力和最大应变分布的危险部位.分析结果可以为铁路机车柴油发动机活塞设计提供参考.     

柴油替代燃料二甲醚的应用开发和发展概况

详细介绍了二甲醚作为柴油替代燃料的开发和应用情况。以天然气为原料制二甲醚，天然气价格对产品成本影响非常大，目前二甲醚作为柴油替代燃料还不具备和柴油竞争的优势，相比之下合成气一步法工艺技术更具有竞争优势。概述了我国二甲醚发展现状，并对我国二甲醚发展提出了建议。     

Transient testing of soy methyl ester fuels in an indirect injection,compression ignition engine

An evaluation of the exhaust emissions from a compression ignition engine for fuels composed of 100 and 30% methyl esters of soy oil (SME) is described. These fuels were compared with a low-sulfur, petroleum #2 diesel fuel in a Caterpillar 3304, prechamber, 75 kW diesel engine, operated over heavy- and light-duty transient test cycles developed by the United States Bureau of Mines. More than 60 h of testing was performed on each fuel. The objective was to determine the influence of the fuels upon diesel particulate matter (DPM) and gaseous emissions. The effect of a modern diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) also was determined in an effort to minimize emissions. Neat SME produced a higher volatile fraction of the DPM, but much less carbon soot fraction, leading to overall DPM reductions of 23 to 30% for the light- and heavy-duty transients. The DOC further reduced the volatile fraction and the total DPM. The SME fuel reduced gaseous emissions of CO by 23% and hydrocarbons by over 30% without increasing NO_x. The DOC further reduced CO and hydrocarbon levels. Mutagenicity of the SME exhaust was low. Results indicate that SME fuel, used with a proper DOC, may be a feasible emission reduction technology for underground mines. References to specific products do not imply endorsement by the U.S. Bureau of Mines, a now defunct agency.     

酸性离子液体和Na2WO4·2H2O催化

以酸性离子液体和Na₂WO₄·2H₂O组成的体系为催化剂，过氧化氢为氧化剂，将催化柴油中的噻吩硫氧化为砜类物质，并通过NMP将其萃取出来，同时考察了反应温度、反应时间和催化剂用量等因素对氧化脱硫反应的影响，得出最佳反应条件为：3 mL油样（含硫200 μg·g^_-1），1 g离子液体，0.021 g 钨酸钠（Na₂WO₄·2H₂O）， 0.7 mL过氧化氢，反应温度323 K，反应时间3 h，萃取剂与柴油体积比为1∶1，此时样品中的硫可降低到23 μg·g^-1。反应结束后，可以通过简单的倾倒将油样和催化剂分离，催化剂重复使用5次，催化活性基本不变。     

非临氢降凝催化剂的研制与评价

以ZSM-5为主体，加入一定量的自制BCM沸石，采用水热合成法合成新型非临氢降凝催化剂。以催化裂化柴油和减一线馏分油为原料对其反应性能进行评价。结果表明, 该催化剂具有明显的降凝效果。当反应温度为340 ℃、空速为1 h^-1时，凝点降幅为45 ℃左右，液体产品收率均在95%以上。所生产的柴油十六烷值高，硫、氮含量低，凝点低，基本满足了产品调合出厂的质量要求。     

焦化柴油不安定因素考察

对焦化柴油的不安定因素进行了研究.通过研究发现,焦化柴油中的酸性物质、碱性物质、微量金属及可见光均是影响焦化柴油安定性的因素,空气对焦化柴油的安定性影响较小.     

基于Nutch与元搜索引擎技术的高校网络舆情监测系统研究

针对高校网络舆情监测工作的不足,结合高校舆情信息的传播特点,提出了在校园网范围内基于Nutch搜索引擎技术进行信息检索,在互联网上采用元搜索引擎技术获取相关信息的舆情监测系统构建方案。采用关键词特征库匹配方式自动进行网络舆情监测,及时准确地发现网络舆情信息;探讨了高校对于网络舆情的监测、分析、引导和反馈等环节的处理方法,从而形成完善的应对机制。     

互联网应用发展和用户行为解析

互联网在我国迅猛发展,其应用不断创新发展。本文从搜索引擎、社交网站、电子商务、网络视频、网络游戏、移动互联网6个方面对互联网应用发展现状以及各种用户的行为习惯进行研究．最后分析了各种互联网应用的发展趋势。