赤泥的特殊工程性能及其利用之研究

原赤泥强度低，工程上已很少应用。现研究表明，它含有１８种胶结力极强的化合物，针对该特点，提出用析水、脱水和加ＣａＯ的改造对策，增强了赤泥的强度，工程性能得到显著的改善。用赤泥筑坝，坝高可增加２～３倍，还可用于地基补强、做强防渗层以及铺筑路面等。     

Exergy analysis of a compression–absorption system for heating and cooling applications

An exergy analysis of a single‐stage compression–absorption system with R22‐E181 as the working fluid pair is carried out. Theoretical results obtained have been compared with those obtained from the experiment. Results show that the heat of mixing of the refrigerant vapour and solution at absorber and desorber contributes a significant amount to the internal entropy generation rates. A significant part of internal entropy generation rate is also due to non‐isentropic compression of refrigerant vapour at higher absorber pressure. The exergetic efficiency of the system increases with the increase in absorber pressure due to reduction in internal irreversibilities. Higher value of weak solution concentration along with the increase in solution concentration difference results in higher exergetic efficiency of the system. Thus, a compression–absorption system performs better when operated at higher absorber pressure, and an improved system performance can also be achieved with higher value of weak solution concentration with higher possible solution concentration difference. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

熔融织构Y1-xNdxBa2Cu3O7-y的磁通钉扎

制备了Y1-xNdxBa2Cu3O7-Y熔融织构超导样品,X射线衍射分析表明,样品具有较高的织构度,样品中晶粒的取向为（001）方向, 钕均匀地替代了钇,并且对样品的晶体结构影响不大,样品的不可逆温度Tp随外场的变化说明,少量钕替代钇可以提高YBCO超导材料的磁通钉扎能力,在高温超导体中引入和样品本身结构的第二相可能是一种比较有效的增强高温超导材料磁通钉扎能力的方法。     

Exergetic performance analysis of a PEM fuel cell

In this paper we investigate the effects of thermodynamic irreversibilities on the exergetic performance of proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells as a function of cell operating temperature, pressures of anode and cathode, current density, and membrane thickness. The practical operating conditions are selected to be 3–5 atm for anode and cathode pressures, and 323–353 K for the cell temperatures, respectively. In addition, the membrane thicknesses are chosen as 0.016, 0.018 and 0.02 cm, respectively. Moreover, the current density range of the PEM fuel cell is selected to be 0.01–2.0 A cm^?2. It is concluded that exergy efficiency of PEM fuel cell decreases with a rise in membrane thickness and current density, and increases with a rise of cell operating pressure and with a decrease of current density for the same membrane thickness. Thus, it can be said that, in order to increase the exergetic performance of PEM fuel cell, the lower membrane thickness, the lower current density and the higher cell operating pressure should be selected in case PEM fuel cell is operated at constant cell temperature. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Exergy analysis of ejector‐refrigeration cycle using water as working fluid

Exergy is based on the second law of thermodynamics and is the only rational basis for evaluating the system performance. The aim of this paper is to study in detail the irreversibilities in the steam‐ejector refrigeration system. The influence of the cycle parameters is analysed on the basis of the first and second law and the results indicated the components with the greater irreversibility. A better quality of the ejector has more effect on the system performance than the better quality of other components, because the ejector at first and the condenser at second have the greater exergy loss of the system. For the refrigeration system the maximum coefficient of performance varying between 0.4 to 0.6 and the second law efficiency remains close to 0.17 for generator pressure 6 bar, condenser temperature 44–50°C and evaporator temperature 4–8°C. Also the study showed that the second law analysis quantitatively visualizes losses within a system and gives clear trends for optimization. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

巡游铁磁体SrRuO3磁性的Preisach描述

测量了巡游铁磁体SrRuO3的零场冷却（ZFC）和加场冷却（FC）的磁化强度随温度的变化关系。以及不同温度下的磁滞回线，考虑了热涨落和自由能壁垒随温度的变化，改进了Preisach模型并对测量数据进行了拟合。数据模拟再现了测量结果的变化规律，包括在不同温度下的磁滞回线和在不同外磁场下的ZFC和FC磁化强度曲线等，对拟合出的巴克豪森跳跃谱进行了讨论。     

The irreversibility of dimensional changes in epoxy adhesives undergoing uptake and expulsion of water

An optical interference method, developed to measure swelling inhomogeneities during water uptake by epoxy-based adhesive films¹, has now been used to study the extent of dimensional recovery during subsequent removal of the water responsible for swelling. A microscope cover slip is employed as marker to evaluate displacements normal to a resin film that is sandwiched between it and a rigid substrate. By placing an optical flat close to the free surface of the cover slip, a cavity is created within which optical interference can occur between light incident upon and light reflected from the specimen. Normal displacements in the resin cause similar displacements in the cover slip, i.e. the geometry of the cavity is altered, and this produces changes in the pattern of interference fringes. It is found that repeated exposure of the specimen to both wet and dry environments (distilled water at 62°C and dry air at 62°C) leads to reversible changes in the displacement field normal to the adhesive film when the exposure is relatively modest (～ 1 day at 62°C), but that prolonged exposure (> 2 days at 62°C) produces irreversible changes.     

辐射场的非平衡性与不可逆性

指出现有文献上的平衡与非平衡辐射的界定条件存在的问题，提出新的更全面的界定条件。证明在真空中的任意辐射场都是不存在熵产生的，其不可逆性只体现在，它只有同物质系统相互作用才可能回复到初态，而后一过程当辐射场与物质系统不全处于平衡态时总熵必定增加，但只就辐射场本身而言，熵则可增可减，可生可灭。辐射场与物质系统的非平衡性及不可逆性具有不同的特征。     

非线性时间序列的符号化分析方法研究

符号时间序列分析方法是近年来新兴的一种数据处理方法,已经被广泛的应用于各个领域．采用符号化分析方法能够从动力系统中快速有效地提取有用定量信息,计算简单快捷,而且能够有效的抑制噪声．本文采用三种统计量用于表征符号化时间序列的特性,用Henon方程作为算例验证了该方法的可靠性,并且将此方法应用于垂直上升管中油水两相流流型分析,结果表明从符号时间序列计算的统计量对油水两相流过渡流型变化敏感．     

Effect of ligand chain length on hydrophobic charge induction chromatography revealed by molecular dynamics simulations

Hydrophobic charge induction chromatography (HCIC) is a mixed-mode chromatography which is advantageous for high adsorption capacity and facile elution. The effect of the ligand chain length on protein behavior in HCIC was studied. A coarse-grain adsorbent pore model established in an earlier work was modified to construct adsorbents with different chain lengths, including one with shorter ligands (CL2) and one with longer ligands (CL4). The adsorption, desorption, and conformational transition of the proteins with CL2 and CL4 were examined using molecular dynamics simulations. The ligand chain length has a significant effect on both the probability and the irreversibility of the adsorption/desorption. Longer ligands reduced the energy barrier of adsorption, leading to stronger and more irreversible adsorption, as well as a little more unfolding of the protein. The simulation results elucidated the effect of the ligand chain length, which is beneficial for the rational design of adsorbents and parameter optimization for high-performance HCIC.