Bystander effect in human hepatoma HepG2 cells caused by medium transfers at different times after high-LET carbon ion irradiation

Although radiation-induced bystander effects have been well documented in a variety of biological systems, whether irradiated cells have the ability to generate bystander signaling persistently is still unclear and the clinical relevance of bystander effects in radiotherapy remains to be elucidated. This study examines tumor cellular bystander response to autologous medium from cell culture irradiated with high-linear energy transfer (LET) heavy ions at a therapeutically relevant dose in terms of clonogenic cell survival. In vitro experiments were performed using human hepatoma HepG2 cell line exposed to 100 keV/μm carbon ions at a dose of 2 Gy. Two different periods (2 and 12 h) after irradiation, irradiated cell conditioned medium (ICCM) and replenished fresh medium were harvested and then transferred to unirradiated bystander cells. Cellular bystander responses were measured with the different medium transfer protocols. Significant higher survival fractions of unirradiated cells receiving the media from the irradiated cultures at the different times post-irradiation than those of the control were observed. Even replenishing fresh medium for unirradiated cells which had been exposed to the ICCM for 12 h could not prevent the bystander cells from the increased survival fraction. These results suggest that the irradiated cells could release unidentified signal factor(s), which induced the increase in survival fraction for the unirradiated bystander cells, into the media sustainedly and the carbon ions triggered a cascade of signaling events in the irradiated cells rather than secreting the soluble signal factor(s) just at a short period after irradiation. Based on the observations in this study, the importance of bystander effect in clinical radiotherapy was discussed and incorporating the bystander effect into the current radiobiological models, which are applicable to heavy ion radiotherapy, is needed urgently.     

不同介质环境条件下黏性土的分散性及其微观结构

采用碎块试验、双比重计试验、电动电位、扫描电镜等测试方法,对典型的分散性土和非分散性土在不同介质环境条件下的分散性及其微观结构特征进行了研究.研究表明,介质环境中的钠离子含量和pH值高低是决定土体是否产生分散的本质因素,两种因素缺一不可.如果土体中含有大量的钠离子,并且酸碱度呈强碱性,则土体具有分散性.通过掺加高价阳离子和酸性物质,降低土体中钠离子的相对含量和酸碱度,可对分散性土进行改良.在自然沉积条件下,分散性土的微观结构中含有较多的孔隙;而非分散性土比较密实,孔隙较少.     

斩波串级调速系统换相失败的分析与仿真

换相失败是串级调速系统逆变器的常见故障,与许多因素有关。分析了串级调速系统换相失败的原因及其影响因素,并针对电源故障引起的换相失败,提出了控制方法,运用MATLAB/simulink对该方法进行仿真研究。结果表明该方法是准确的、可行的,便于工程上的应用研究。     

先漏后爆准则的研究

先漏后爆(1eak—before—break，LBB)准则是评价压力容器特别是核能设备的一个重要的准则。随着人们对高压容器特别是核能设备安全性要求的提高，先漏后爆准则的重要性不断增加。但是，该准则在许多方面还不完善，需要科技人员进一步研究。同时，该准则并没有得到应有的重视。首先介绍了先漏后爆的概念和分析过程，并从穿透裂纹的扩展特性，泄露面积和泄漏率的计算，可靠性在LBB分析中的应用等几个方面对LBB研究的发展进行了概述。     

西门子6RA70全数字直流调速装置在舞钢的应用

本文论述了西门子6RA70装置在双边剪夹送辊传动系统中的应用，解决了夹送辊不同步而出现的钢板走偏问题。     

SPS烧结M42粉末冶金高速钢的显微组织与性能

采用放电等离子烧结技术(SPS)制备了M42粉末冶金高速钢,研究了SPS烧结M42粉末冶金高速钢及其热处理后的显微组织与性能。结果表明:与普通粉末冶金高速钢相比,SPS烧结制备的M42粉末冶金高速钢显微组织均匀、晶粒细小、无碳化物偏析。经过在1180℃×5min×550℃×1h的热处理后,硬度比普通粉末冶金高速钢提高1～2HRC。     

退火炉自动控制系统设计

山东烟台钢管总厂冷拔分厂退火炉自动控制系统的设计以微机、智能仪表、变频调速器为主,具有控制精度高、降低消耗、操作维修方便、提高劳动生产率等特点。     

水压引信目标分类的研究

本文提出一种模糊统计分类 FSC 方法,用于研究水压引信目标分类问题。在建立水面目标场多级网络分类模型的基础上,分析讨论了此方法的特征提取、识别函数、模糊与冲突、搜索算法等技术问题,并通过仿真实验,对水面目标航速、吨位、横距进行分类处理,结果表明,FSC 方法行之有效。     

Automation, work organization and skills: The case of numerical control

This paper deals with small and medium sized firms. Since the late seventies small and medium sized mechanical engineering firms in France have resorted increasingly to new technologies, and in particular to numerical control. Numerical control has introduced major changes in work organization. On the one hand it tends to reinforce the role of methods of production engineering whatever the type of numerical control may be. Programming is seldom left to the machine operators, except in the case of straightforward machining operations or in machining shops with a strong tradition of highly skilled or artisan labour. Numerical control, on the other hand, does provide more opportunity for collaboration between the workshop and the production engineers. On a workshop level it introduces a more mobile division of labour between programmers, machine setters and operators, which covers everything from the start-up of programs to the supervision of maching operations. The operator may therefore acquire new skills, but this is only possible if there are open-ended training systems available to facilitate the transmission of know-how from the programmers to the machine setters and from the machine setters to the operators, and vice versa. Small and medium sized firms would appear to have a special role to play in developing skills.     

超链接导向搜索算法中主题漂移的研究

超链接导向搜索（HITS）算法是比较经典的基于超链接的算法,但它忽视了链接页面的文本信息内容,没有区分链接的重要性,从而导致算法不可避免地发生主题漂移现象。为了解决这一问题,在原HITS算法的基础上,引入了经典的tf-idf算法,通过计算链接页面与查询主题的相关度来区分链接的重要性,以解决主题漂移的问题。改进算法使搜索引擎的排序结果更符合查询条件,相应的查确率也有很大提高。