外循环型鼓泡式反应器气含率及循环液速率

对直径２８０ｍｍ、扩大直径５００ｍｍ、外循环管直径６５ｍｍ、总高２９００ｍｍ的外循环型鼓泡式反应器，在气体空塔线速Ｕｇ为０．０４－０．５５ｍ／ｓ时，用静压差法和脉冲示踪法测定了不同部位的气含率Ｅｇ，Ｅｐｇ和循环液速率ｕ１，并获得了它们的关联式：对反应段，Ｅｇ＝０．４５５６Ｕ＾０．３１９８ｇ〔Ｕｇ／（Ｕｇ＋Ｕ１）〕＾０．７３９６；对反应器扩大段，Ｅｕｇ＝０．９３８９Ｕ＾０．４４３１ｕｇ；对循环管，Ｅ     

乳化酸+硝酸粉末酸压技术在泥灰岩储层中的应用

华北油田泥灰岩储层曾进行多种类型的酸化增产改造工艺,但均未取得理想效果。经过对泥灰岩地层进行大量的油藏地质、室内试验研究以及工程、地质技术人员的反复论证,优选出一种切实可行的酸压改造措施——前置液+高温乳化酸+固体硝酸酸压工艺。经过现场应用,收到了较好的增产效果,为华北油田泥灰岩储层改造措施找到了突破口。     

Gorillas (Gorilla gorilla) and Orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus) Encode Relevant Problem Features in a Tool-Using Task.

Two important elements in problem solving are the abilities to encode relevant task features and to combine multiple actions to achieve the goal. The authors investigated these 2 elements in a task in which gorillas (Gorilla gorilla) and orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus) had to use a tool to retrieve an out-of-reach reward. Subjects were able to select tools of an appropriate length to reach the reward even when the position of the reward and tools were not simultaneously visible. When presented with tools that were too short to retrieve the reward, subjects were more likely to refuse to use them than when tools were the appropriate length. Subjects were proficient at using tools in sequence to retrieve the reward. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

山西煤焦流通市场化改革建议

本文分析了山西在推进煤炭流通市场化过程中面临的机遇及现行体制弊端,提出建立更加适合市场经济的煤焦流通体制的若干建议。     

实用宽带新技术

简要介绍了三种宽带新技术及其应用，包括替代五类线的VDSL，可解决HFC上行噪音漏斗效应的SCDMA技术以及利用电源线传输高速数据的PLC技术。这些新技术由于具有较高的性能价值比和广阔的应用前景，受到了广泛的关注。     

可膨胀波纹管技术在韦15-19井的应用

可膨胀管包括可膨胀实体管和可膨胀波纹管，主要用于在不减小井眼尺寸的情况下封堵各种复杂地层，对损坏套管进行补贴修复，作为各种井筒封隔器以及延长技术套管长度。实体管和波纹管两者膨胀机理不一样，相比之下，可膨胀波纹管技术具有膨胀工艺简单，作业周期短的优点，该技术一直由俄罗斯掌握。中国石化勘探开发研究院经过多年的潜心研究，终于形成了具有自主知识产权的可膨胀波纹管产品及其配套的工艺技术，新研制的可膨胀波纹管壁厚8mm，抗内压强度35MPa，抗外挤强度10MPa，并在江苏油田韦15—19井进行了漏层封堵现场试验，经过扩眼、管串下入、水力膨胀、机械膨胀等工艺后获得圆满成功，标志着我国已经打破了国外公司对该技术的垄断，填补了国内在该领域的技术空白。     

Remarks on different reviews of Chinese character recognition

This paper gives an introduction and remarks on two review papers for Chinese character recognition. One review is made by Chinese authors, another is from American scientists. They investigate Chinese character from different language environments; they do the research from different points of view. Thus, a more comprehensive view on Chinese character recognition, which is an important branch of pattern recognition, can be provided to the readers. Meantime, one article pays attention to online process, and other paper deals with offline recognition, which complement each other. The author is the Associate Editor-in-Chief of Frontiers of Computer Science in China     

浮体门设计的探索与实践

水电站泄水道破坏修复工程,是一项风险高、难度大、前景广阔的系统工程。刘家峡水电站泄水道2号孔破坏修复的关键,是采用人工深水软导向浮体闸门封堵孔口,形成门后洞内旱地施工条件;龚嘴水电站10号冲砂底孔破坏修复的关键,增设浮体闸门采用自动潜行式浮体闸门封堵孔口,形成门后洞内旱地施工条件;哈萨克斯坦CHARDARA水电站SYNAS项目泄水底孔修复的关键,采用分次降水安装浮体闸门侧支承的方法,挡住引水发电机组的下游尾水,在泄水道进口检修门和流道出口之间形成门旱地施工。此3项泄水道修复工程在行业内没有先例,难度很大。整体方案具有创新性,并且均已高质量竣工并投入正常运行。     

Circulation rates of boiling liquids in a vertical tube

An experimental study of heat transfer to boiling liquids under natural convective flow has been carried out in a single tube vertical thermosiphon reboiler to investigate the effect of heat flux and submergence on circulation rates. The test liquids used were distilled water, various concentrations of propan-2-ol in water and their azeotrope. The test section was an electrically heated stainless steel tube of 25.56 mm i.d., 28.85 mm o.d. and 1900 mm long with twenty-one spot welded copper constantan thermocouples to measure the variations in wall temperature along its axis. The uniform heat fluxes in the range of 3.5–42.4 kW/m² were employed while inlet liquid sub-cooling varied from 0.2 to 30.7 °C. The liquid submergence levels were maintained in the range 30–100%. The typical experimental data has been graphically presented and discussed. An empirical correlation has been developed from the experimental data of the present study through regression analysis.     

计算机辅助施工放样设计与应用

应用数学理论知识和CAD技术对施工图进行建模,从而获得准确的放样参数指导施工,并结合工程实例对计算机辅助施工放样过程进行了具体的介绍。