Experiments of a prototype wind-driven reverse osmosis desalination system with feedback control

A prototype wind-powered reverse osmosis desalination system was constructed and tested on Coconut Island off the northern coast of Oahu, Hawaii, for brackish water desalination. The system has four major subsystems: a multi-vaned windmill/pump, a flow/pressure stabilizer, a reverse osmosis module, and a control mechanism. The feedback control mechanism, developed by this study, allowed this prototype system to be operated satisfactorily under mild ambient wind of 5 m/s or less. No auxiliary power source was needed. The system operational data showed that at an average wind speed of 5 m/s, brackish feedwater at a total dissolved solids concentration of 3000 mg/1 and at a flow rate of 13 1/min could be processed by this system. The average rejection rate of this prototype system was 97% and the average recovery ratio was 20%. The energy efficiency of the system was measured at 3 5%, which is comparable to the typical energy efficiency of well-operated multi-vaned windmills. Generally, the system's energy efficiency decreases as wind speed increases.     

Application of K2CO3 catalysts in the coal gasification process using nuclear heat

Conventional gasification processes use coal not only as feedstock to be gasified but also for supply of energy for reaction heat, steam production, and other purposes. With a nuclear high temperature reactor (HTR) as a source for process heat, it is possible to transform the whole of the coal feed into gas. This concept offers advantages over existing gasification processes: saving of coal, as more gas can be produced from coal; less emission of pollutants, as the HTR is used for the production of steam and electricity instead of a coal-fired boiler; and a lower production cost for the gas. However, the process has the disadvantage that the temperature is limited to the outlet temperature (950 °C max) of the helium cooling gas of the HTR. Therefore the possibility of catalytic steam gasification was examined. Model calculations based on experimental results show that use of 3–4 wt% relative to coal of K²CO³ catalyst increases the throughput of a large scale nuclear gasification plant by ≈65%, while gas production costs decrease by ≈15%. Corrosion by catalysts is not significant at low concentration (< 5 wt%) and low temperature (< 900 °C).     

Dynamic equivalent method of interconnected power systems with consideration of motor loads

The existing equivalent methods usually only deal with static load models and neglect the dynamic characteristics of loads such as induction motors.This paper presents a dynamic equivalent method which considers motor dynamics.At first,the clustering criterion of motor loads is given.The motors with similar dynamic characteristics are classified into one group.Then,reduction of motors in the same group is carried out.Finally,parameters of the equivalent motor are calculated and the equivalent system is thus...     

基于模块化模型的自适应预失真技术

系统地比较和分析了OFDM传输系统里高功率放大器（HPA）预失真方法的优缺点,提出一种基于模块化模型的有记忆高功率放大器自适应数字预失真方法,该方法分别基于Wiener、Hammerstein和Wiener-Hammerstein模型各自构成一个有记忆HPA的自适应预失真器。从而避免了因分别估计Wiener-Hammerstein模型各个环节特性参数所带来的复杂性。使得有记忆高功率放大器的预失真设计变得简单了。     

变电站远程监控系统研究

研究了分布式Web计算技术开发远程监控系统的关键技术,就基于IP网络实现变电站远程监控的主要思路和技术问题进行说明和分析讨论.从信道带宽、网络机制、远动协议、信息安全等多方面讨论了IP网络传输时保证远动QoS的措施方法以及IP网络传输对信息安全的防护措施.     

基于MAS的多机械手协调工作控制

为了解决全自动化晶体切片角分类机三个机械手协调工作的控制问题,设计了以MAS理论为基础的分布式网络控制器.系统利用黑板结构来实现全局动态目标下的状态信息的共享,采用多Agent理论对三个机械手进行协调工作控制,解决了机械手之间的运动耦合问题,使之能够在同一个时间和不同的空间内协调与配合工作,完成整体工作任务.基于此设计的设备可改善工人的劳动环境、提高生产效率、确保晶体切片切角的测量与分类准确.     

超低功耗智能监护报警器研究与设计

该文针对现有国内婴幼儿智能护理产品的优缺点,深入分析了如何防止睡觉受凉和尿床等问题,并对国外婴幼儿护理产品和婴幼儿护理理论进行了深入研究,设计了一种新型的智能化监护报警器。该报警器以低成本的松翰单片机为核心,采用纽扣电池供电,实现了超低功耗设计。实验表明,该装置集尿湿报警、走失报警、踢被报警、发烧报警和人工呼救多功能于一体,在具有使用安全、性能可靠、低功耗、报警及时、准确等优点的同时,还具有极好的性价比。     

Simulation and optimization of SOFC-BCHP system

As the prime motor of dispersed energy system, the high-temperature solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) are high efficient with large heat recovery. This study presents a simulation of SOFC building-based cooling, heat and power (BCHP) system, which can meet basic requirements in power and heating (cooling) of the designated customers. The peak power load can be met by power grid, while the peak heating (cooling) load requirement can be met by backup equipments. In order to solve the economic dispatch problem of the energy system, a restricted nonlinear optimization model has been developed. The production costs can be minimized via both the equality constraints of customer’s heat and power demands, and other inequality constrains of equipments’ capacities. The sequential quadratic programming method has been used to search the solution. The study indicates that the model can be used to optimize the system’s capacities and run strategy. An office building case has been computed, and it is indicated that the model can be served in design and optimization of SOFC-BCHP system.     

考虑冷变形加工硬化的翻边力理论计算

在分析现有计算公式存在不足的基础上,根据翻边变形区材料的应力应变特点,考虑了冷变形加工硬化(取幂函数硬化规律)和变形区材料厚度变化(翻边为变薄)两个因素的影响,利用金属塑性成形问题求解理论中的主应力法,推导和提出了圆孔翻边力计算的一个新公式.通过用钢板(SPCC)和铜板(T1)进行了翻边工艺试验的验证,并与经验公式和现有理论公式的计算结果进行了比较,表明新公式计算结果能接近于实际,且原理上更为科学合理.