Combining the Physical Adsorption Approach and the Covalent Attachment Method to Prepare a Bifunctional Bioreactor

Aminopropyl-functionalized SBA-15 mesoporous silica was used as a support to adsorb myoglobin. Then, in order to avoid the leakage of adsorbed myoglobin, lysozyme was covalently tethered to the internal and external surface of the mesoporous silica with glutaraldehyde as the coupling agent. The property of amino-functionalized mesoporous silica was characterized by N₂ adsorption-desorption and thermogravimetric (TG) analysis. The feature of the silica-based matrix before and after myoglobin adsorption was identified by fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and UV/VIS measurement. With o-dianisidine and H₂O₂ as the substrate, the peroxidase activity of adsorbed myoglobin was determined. With Micrococus lysodeilicus as the substrate, the antibacterial activity of covalently tethered lysozyme was measured. Results demonstrated that the final product not only presented peroxidase activity of the myoglobin but yielded antibacterial activity of the lysozyme.     

New 14-Membered Cyclopeptide Alkaloids from Zizyphus oxyphylla Edgew

Two new 14-membered cyclopeptide alkaloids, Oxyphylline B (4) and Oxyphylline C (5), along with three known 13-membered cyclopeptide alkaloids, were isolated from stem and roots of Zizyphus oxyphylla Edgew. The compounds were tested for antibacterial activity. Oxyphylline B (4) showed comparatively better antibacterial activities against Escherichia coli (MIC, 5 μg/mL) than other compounds. This compound also exhibited weak antimicrobial activities against Staphylococcus aureus (MIC, 25 μg/mL), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MIC, 50 μg/mL) and Salmonella typhi (MIC, 50 μg/mL).     

Visible Light-Induced Degradation of Methylene Blue in the Presence of Photocatalytic ZnS and CdS Nanoparticles

ZnS and CdS nanoparticles were prepared by a simple microwave irradiation method under mild conditions. The obtained nanoparticles were characterized by XRD, TEM and EDX. The results indicated that high purity of nanosized ZnS and CdS was successfully obtained with cubic and hexagonal crystalline structures, respectively. The band gap energies of ZnS and CdS nanoparticles were estimated using UV-visible absorption spectra to be about 4.22 and 2.64 eV, respectively. Photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue was carried out using physical mixtures of ZnS and CdS nanoparticles under a 500-W halogen lamp of visible light irradiation. The residual concentration of methylene blue solution was monitored using UV-visible absorption spectrometry. From the study of the variation in composition of ZnS:CdS, a composition of 1:4 (by weight) was found to be very efficient for degradation of methylene blue. In this case the degradation efficiency of the photocatalyst nanoparticles after 6 h irradiation time was about 73% with a reaction rate of 3.61 × 10⁻³ min⁻¹. Higher degradation efficiency and reaction rate were achieved by increasing the amount of photocatalyst and initial pH of the solution.     

纳米TiO_2-UV光催化降解乙酰甲胺磷影响因素的研究

考察了UV-纳米TiO2光催化降解乙酰甲胺磷的可行性,就高压汞灯照射时间及照射方式、催化剂种类及用量、pH值、反应温度、乙酰甲胺磷初始浓度等对光催化降解效率的影响进行了研究,并探索了催化剂的重复利用。结果表明,当添加0.1 g/L的纳米TiO2（德国P25）,乙酰甲胺磷的起始浓度为20 mg/L,温度控制在25℃,反应体系的pH为11时,以高压汞灯持续照射80 min,即可实现对乙酰甲胺磷99.9%的光催化降解。     

光敏性多元核-壳微球絮凝剂的制备

以Stöber法制备的单分散SiO2为核,采用溶胶-凝胶、界面沉积和表面活性剂模板法制备了多元核-壳结构微球SiO2@TiO2-Ag@SiO2,利用FT-IR、SEM、XRD、UV-Vis DRS、N2吸附-脱附、XPS对其结构和形貌进行了表征。结果显示：微球平均孔径、比表面积分别为2 nm、72.73 m2/g;受最外层SiO2影响,XRD未观察到锐钛矿相TiO2的特征衍射峰;紫外-可见漫反射光谱证实SiO2@TiO2-Ag@SiO2在365 nm处有吸收。在模拟太阳光照射下100 min,SiO2@TiO2-Ag@SiO2微球对亚甲基蓝(MB) 的光催化脱色率为97.6％;自然光下,对甲基橙溶液(MO)的絮凝沉淀时间为40 min,脱色率达99.7％。     

以金刚烷为联接链的Gemini表面活性剂合成与性能

以1,3-金刚烷二甲酸为起始原料,合成了3种以金刚烷为联接链的具不同疏水链长的Gemini表面活性剂（nP-Ad-Pn,n=12,14,16）。用FTIR、1HNMR、ESI-MS对目标化合物的结构进行了表征。采用表面张力、电导率和稳态荧光光谱测定了金刚烷Gemini表面活性剂的表面活性、胶束化热力学参数和胶束微极性。结果显示：白金环法测得nP-Ad-Pn在25℃下的临界胶束浓度分别为6×10-4、1×10-4和2.5×10-5 mol·L-1,∆G0m和∆H0m均为负值说明表面活性剂胶束形成是一个自发且放热的过程。化合物对金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草杆菌、大肠杆菌、绿脓杆菌、副溶血性弧菌抑菌活性的测定结果表明,12P-Ad-P12对5种菌株的MIC值在0.2～4.2 mg/L,显示出很强的抑菌活性。     

Pr3+:Y2SiO5/ZnO-TiO2/ACF复合材料的制备及其光催化性能

采用溶胶-凝胶法将ZnO掺杂进荧光粉/TiO_2体系,并以活性炭纤维(ACF)为载体,制备了Pr~(3+)∶Y_2SiO_5/ZnO-TiO_2/ACF复合材料。采用XRD、SEM、EDS、FS和UV-vis DRS,对材料的结构及性能进行了表征,并以亚甲基蓝为模拟降解物,考察了ZnO掺杂量对复合材料可见光催化性能的影响。结果表明,当ZnO掺杂质量为TiO_2质量的10%时,制得的复合材料光催化性能最强,在500 mL质量浓度为15 mg/L的亚甲基蓝溶液中反应12 h后亚甲基蓝去除率高达98.0%,反应符合拟一级动力学方程,反应速率常数为0.341 3 h~(-1),是未掺杂ZnO的Pr~(3+)∶Y_2SiO_5/TiO_2/ACF的1.75倍,复合材料重复使用4次后亚甲基蓝去除率仍然保持在85%以上。     

咪唑型Gemini表面活性剂的合成及性能

以咪唑、溴代烷烃为主要原料,将咪唑环的氮原子进行保护,经4步反应制得5个咪唑型Gemini表面活性剂(C10-2-C10、C12-2-C12、C14-2-C14、C14~(-4)-C14、C14-6-C14),用红外光谱和核磁共振氢谱对其结构进行了表征。它们的CMC依次为:2.7×10~(-4)、2.4×10~(-4)、2.0×10~(-4)、3.3×10~(-4)、3.9×10~(-4)mol/L;γCMC依次为:30.60、30.55、30.51、36.32、37.41 m N/m;在石英表面的最大接触角依次为:70°、73°、75°、72°、68°;最大泡沫高度依次为:87、99、125、186、231 mm;最大泡沫半衰期t0.5依次为:218、608、1 157、2 329、2 770 s。结果表明,C14-2-C14的表面活性最高,对石英表面润湿力最低;C14-6-C14的发泡能力和泡沫稳定性最强。当疏水链增长时,咪唑Gemini表面活性剂的表面活性、降低表面张力效率和接触角都增大;而当连接基团增长时,表面活性、降低表面张力效率和接触角都降低。     

Catalytic methanation of syngas over Ni-based catalysts with different supports

Co-precipitation method was selected for the preparation of Ni/Al2O3, Ni/ZrO2 and Ni/CeO2 catalysts, and their performances in methanation were investigated in this study. The structure and surface properties of these catalysts were characterized by BET, XRD, H2-TPD, TEM and H2-TPR. The results showed that the catalytic activity at low temperature followed the order:Ni/Al2O3>Ni/ZrO2>Ni/CeO2. Ni/Al2O3 catalyst presented the best catalytic performance with the highest CH4 selectivity of 94.5%. The characterization results indicated that the dispersion of the active component Ni was the main factor affecting the catalytic activity and the one with higher dispersion gave better performance.