管壳式换热器壳侧传热与阻力性能的实验研究与预测

设计并建立了换热器传热与阻力的综合性能实验台,对1种弓形折流板换热器和2种连续螺旋折流板换热器壳侧的传热及阻力性能进行了实验研究,实验介质管侧为水,壳侧为油;同时基于壳侧传热实验数据;应用遗传算法预测了换热器的总换热量。实验结果表明:在相同的壳侧流量下,螺旋折流板换热器的阻力要高于弓型折流板换热器,正进正出螺旋折流板换热器的阻力高于侧进侧出螺旋折流板换热器;螺旋折流板换热器的换热系数高于弓型折流板换热器,侧进侧出螺旋折流板换热器高于正进正出螺旋折流板换热器,而且流量越大这种优势越明显。预测结果表明通过遗传算法得到的传热关联式所得的换热量比采用线性回归所得的更加接近实验数据,表明遗传算法可应用于工程中换热设备性能的预测。     

循环流化床锅炉的模糊自整定汽压控制系统

在分析研究循环流化床锅炉燃烧率扰动下汽压被控对象动态特性的基础上，提出一种新型模糊自适应PID汽压控制系统的设计方法。这种方法直接将影响研究对象特性的工况参数与控制系统的控制器参数联系起来，建立模糊粗调机制，然后根据实际系统误差及其变化率进一步微调控制器参数。仿真结果表明，用这种方法建立的汽压控制系统具有较好的控制品质和较强的适应能力。     

基于PLC的多泵循环变频恒压供水系统

本文介绍了恒压供水用变频调速技术和PLC控制技术。系统具有节能、工作可靠、自动化程度高、提高供水质量的特点。     

浅谈中间再热式大功率汽轮机中压缸启动

介绍了N330—17．75／540／540型中间再热式大功率汽轮机机组中压缸启动的优点和方法及注意事项。对于调峰机组。旁路容量条件、控制条件具备时。建议采用中压缸启动。     

中压缸冲转再热机组邻炉冲转技术应用

具有中压缸启动方式的大型火电机组,采用邻炉冲转具有启动过程中燃油及厂用电能耗低的特点,特别是在大修后的启动过程中,由于试验多、空转时间长,单元制运行时锅炉耗油多,邻炉冲转的优越性就更加明显。因此可以通过改造,加装邻炉冲转系统,使得机组在大修后的启动过程中减少大量消耗并节省许多时间,从而获得较好的经济效益。陕西电力科学研究院和华电蒲城电厂对该厂1、2号330 MW机组实施了改造,取得了满意的结果。     

高压下声速温度系数的一种新算法

从声速的定义出发，由热力学基本关系给出了声速温度系数(偏微熵)的一种计算方法.以顽火辉石为例，计算结果显示，在40～140 GPa压力范围内，其纵波、体波的温度系数随压力的增大而减小，分别由40 GPa时的0.386、0.255(m/s)·K,降至80 GPa时的0.298、0.204 (m/s)·K，120 GPa时的0.244、0.175(m/s)·K，140 GPa时的0.197、0.162(m/s)·K.将这一规律内推到零压得到(dK/dT)₀=0.027 9 GPa·K^-1，与静高压下的实验数据吻合很好.     

高炉BG-16型矮泥炮液压系统故障诊断方法

液压泥炮是炼铁高炉的重要设备之一,可方便的将出铁口堵住,以便下一次冶炼。熟练掌握故障的诊断和排除方法,才能保证高炉冶炼的正常运行。     

软粘土地区深基坑设计中水土压力计算分析

近年来,随着城市高层建筑的发展,深基坑工程的数量迅速增多,规模也不断扩大,在软土地基、高水位地区的深基坑工程方面越来越受到人们的重视.然而,目前对深基坑,特别是对超深基坑的支护理论及设计方法都还存在着认识上的不足.其中,土压力问题就是基坑设计中十分关键而又存在争议     

Influence of an emulsifier on the pressure desensitization of emulsion explosives

The desensitization degree of emulsion explosives （EE） was calculated with the peak pressure of explosion shock waves tested in water. To an explosive, the less the desensitization degree, the better the compression resistance, so the compression resistance of an explosive can be compared and analyzed quantificationally with the desensitization degree. The influence of an emulsifier on the pressure desensitization of EE was studied, including the content and category of emulsifiers. Three kinds of emulsifiers （Span-80, compound emulsifier, and T-152） were used in the tests. The experimental results show that both the content and category of emulsifiers make a great effect on the pressure desensitization of EE. The desensitization degree of EE reduces with the emulsifier content being increased, but there is an optimal content of an emulsifier for the compression resistance of EE. While the content of Span-80 reaches 4wt%, the desensitization degree of EE becomes a minimal value, and augments somewhat if the emulsifier content is increased more. That is to say, the compression resistance of EE becomes the highest while the content of Span-80 is 4wt%, and the compression resistance will decline if the content of Span-80 is increased more. The compression resistance of the explosive emulsified by compound emulsifier is the highest among all the explosives, when the content of the whole components and manufacturing engineering are kept invariable.     

The Analysis of the Line Pattern of Nonlinear Winding Filament on FRP Composite Air Vessel Resisting High Pressure

The FW process is a prefect method of manufacturing FRP composite air vessel resisting high pressure and aerial press vessel.In this paper FW pattern of FRP composite air vessel resisting high pressure was analyzed in a nutshell.The stability of FW patterns on end head is very sensitive to changing of pattern parameter.Consequently,its FW pattern was based on geodesic track.The FW angles and on equators depend on the dimension of end part and the condition of geodesic FW.Generally speaking, the polar holes of rocket engine shell are disproportional.Therefore,the FW angles of the shell column are changeable.The feasi- bility of nongeodesic FW of the shell column was discussed in this paper.Furthermore,it expounded the indispensable condition be- tween the length of shell column and the FW friction coefficient.At the same time,the general mathematic models of the movement control of nongeodesic FW were deduced.