两种Fe_2O_3@rGO纳米复合物的制备及其对TKX-50热分解的影响

使用水热和溶剂热两种方法制备了还原石墨烯(rGO)负载Fe_2O_3纳米颗粒的复合物(h-Fe_2O_3@rGO和s-Fe_2O_3@rGO),并使用溶剂热法制备了未负载的rGO与Fe_2O_3纳米颗粒,通过X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、拉曼光谱(Raman)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等方法对制备的Fe_2O_3纳米颗粒、rGO、h-Fe_2O_3@rGO和s-Fe_2O_3@rGO进行了表征。结果表明,rGO作为基底进行负载可以有效解决Fe_2O_3纳米颗粒的团聚问题,极大地提高了其分散性。相对于水热法制备的h-Fe_2O_3@rGO,使用二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)的溶剂热法可以避免rGO基底的堆叠,进一步提高所负载的Fe_2O_3纳米颗粒分散性。用差式扫描量热法(DSC)研究了制得的h-Fe_2O_3@rGO、sFe_2O_3@rGO和Fe_2O_3纳米颗粒对1,1'-二羟基-5,5'-联四唑二羟铵盐(TKX-50)热分解性能的催化效果。结果表明Fe_2O_3纳米颗粒、rGO、h-Fe_2O_3@rGO和s-Fe_2O_3@rGO纳米复合物对TKX-50的热分解具有良好的催化活性,TKX-50的低温分解峰峰温分别降低了33.9,10.9,25.5℃和40.7℃;表观分解热分别增加至1747,1924,2096 J·g~(-1)和2983 J·g~(-1)。相对于h-Fe_2O_3@rGO和Fe_2O_3纳米颗粒,溶剂热法制备的s-Fe_2O_3@rGO纳米复合物具有更好的催化效果。     

Reduced graphene oxide composite Ni3S2 microspheres grown directly on nickel foam as an efficient electrocatalyst for OER

The development of cheap, high-efficiency, and stable oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysts is a current research hotspot. In this work, reduced graphene oxide (rGO) composite Ni₃S₂ microspheres grown directly on nickel foam (Ni₃S₂-rGO/NF) were prepared by tube furnace calcination and hydrothermal method. The Ni₃S₂-rGO/NF had excellent OER catalytic activity and stability with an overpotential of 303 mV at the current density of 100 mA cm⁻², which was 100 mV lower than that of Ni₃S₂/NF, and its Tafel slope was as low as 23 mV·dec⁻¹. The main reason for enhancing OER activity of the Ni₃S₂-rGO/NF is due to synergistic effect of Ni₃S₂ microspheres and rGO, which inhibited the production of NiS and refined the micron size of Ni₃S₂. This work offers a new method for developing stable and efficient OER catalysts.     

Reduced graphene oxide-supported nickel oxide catalyst with improved CO tolerance for formic acid electrooxidation

The superior catalytic activity along with improved CO tolerance for formic acid electrooxidation has been demonstrated on a NiO-decorated reduced graphene oxide (rGO) catalyst. The cyclic voltammetry response of rGO–NiO/Pt catalyst elucidates improved CO tolerance and follows direct oxidation pathway. It is probably due to the bene?cial effect of residual oxygen groups on rGO support which is supported by FT-IR spectrum. A strong interaction of rGO support with NiO nanoparticles facilitates the removal of CO from the catalyst surface. The chronoamperometric response indicates a higher catalytic activity and stability of rGO–NiO/Pt catalyst than the NiO/Pt and unmodified Pt electrode catalyst for a prolonged time of continuous oxidation of formic acid.     

Settled/unsettled blend nanofibers electrospun from photoactive polymeric/nonpolymeric constituents in PBDT-DTNT:PCBM solar cells

To increase internal donor–acceptor interfaces and highlight the influence of ordering of donor–acceptor components inside fibers, novel blend fibrous structures comprising unsettled poly[benzodithiophene-bis(decyltetradecyl-thien) naphthothiadiazole] (PBDT-DTNT):grafted-reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanofibers, settled PBDT-DTNT/grafted-rGO nanofibers including PBDT-DTNT, and settled PBDT-DTNT/grafted-rGO nanofibers excluding PBDT-DTNT were prepared and embedded in photovoltaics. Hence, three-dimensional nonwoven network morphologies of triple electrospun fibers were acquired using electrospinning. Average diameter and conductivity of PBDT-DTNT:grafted-rGO, PBDT-DTNT/grafted-rGO:PBDT-DTNT, and PBDT-DTNT/grafted-rGO fibers ranged in 200–250 and 1.1–1.6 × 10⁻⁹ S cm⁻¹, 150–190 and 9.2–9.5 × 10⁻⁷ S cm⁻¹, and 60–80 nm and 3.3–3.7 × 10⁻¹⁰ S cm⁻¹, respectively. Photoluminescence quenching and thus donating–accepting characteristic of settled PBDT-DTNT/grafted-rGO nanofibers including PBDT-DTNT were more intensified, resulting from greater internal interfaces. Through blending PBDT-DTNT/grafted-rGO supramolecules with PBDT-DTNT chains and embedding them in PBDT-DTNT:phenyl-C71-butyric acid methyl ester (PC71BM) thin films, the best results were obtained. Short-circuit current density (J_sc), open circuit voltage (V_oc), fill factor (FF), and power conversion efficiency (PCE) were 12.18 mA cm⁻², 0.66 V, 65%, and 5.22%, respectively. Nanofiber template not only acted as guide path for charge transport but also increased interfacial area between donor and acceptor to induce more exciton dissociation. Inclusion of PBDT-DTNT donor chains into blend nanofibers increased donor–acceptor interface in organic filaments. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136, 47591.     

Efficient electro-oxidation of methanol using PtCo nanocatalysts supported reduced graphene oxide matrix as anode for DMFC

Platinum – cobalt (PtCo) alloy based highly efficient nano electro-catalysts on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) matrix have been synthesized for the electro-oxidation of methanol, by chemical reduction method. Different molar ratio of Pt (IV) and Co (II) ions along with graphene oxide (GO) were reduced using ethylene glycol to obtain PtCo nanoparticles onto rGO sheets (Pt/rGO, PtCo (1:1)/rGO, PtCo (1:5)/rGO, PtCo (1:9)/rGO and PtCo (1:11)/rGO) with 20 wt. % metal and 80 wt. % rGO. The average particle size of PtCo nanoparticles onto rGO support was observed to be 2–5 nm using XRD and TEM analysis. The PtCo (1:9)/rGO nanocomposite catalyst exhibited ～23 times higher anodic current density compare to commercially available Pt/C catalyst (1.68 mA/cm²) for methanol oxidation reaction. The peak power density of 118.4 mW/cm² was obtained for PtCo (1:9)/rGO catalyst in direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) at 100 °C, 1 bar, and 2 M methanol as anode feed, which is ～3 times higher than that of Pt/C catalyst. The results indicate the potential application of synthesized nanocomposite catalyst in commercial DMFCs.     

ZnS/ZnO/rGO复合材料的制备及其光催化性能研究

以醋酸锌、硫化钠为原料,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)为改性剂,采用一步合成法制备了β-ZnS,再通过焙烧制备ZnS/ZnO异质结材料,然后加入一定量氧化石墨烯(GO)利用水热法成功制备了ZnS/ZnO/rGO复合材料。结果表明,在水热时间16 h、水热温度140℃、GO∶(ZnS/ZnO)质量比20%的条件下,所制备的ZnS/ZnO/rGO复合材料在可见光光照120 min内对亚甲基蓝的降解率可达80.3%。     

A Single‐Step Hydrothermal Route to 3D Hierarchical Cu2O/CuO/rGO Nanosheets as High‐Performance Anode of Lithium‐Ion Batteries

As anodes of Li‐ion batteries, copper oxides (CuO) have a high theoretical specific capacity (674 mA h g^?1) but own poor cyclic stability owing to the large volume expansion and low conductivity in charges/discharges. Incorporating reduced graphene oxide (rGO) into CuO anodes with conventional methods fails to build robust interaction between rGO and CuO to efficiently improve the overall anode performance. Here, Cu₂O/CuO/reduced graphene oxides (Cu₂O/CuO/rGO) with a 3D hierarchical nanostructure are synthesized with a facile, single‐step hydrothermal method. The Cu₂O/CuO/rGO anode exhibits remarkable cyclic and high‐rate performances, and particularly the anode with 25 wt% rGO owns the best performance among all samples, delivering a record capacity of 550 mA h g^?1 at 0.5 C after 100 cycles. The pronounced performances are attributed to the highly efficient charge transfer in CuO nanosheets encapsulated in rGO network and the mitigated volume expansion of the anode owing to its robust 3D hierarchical nanostructure.     

Composite of CH3NH3PbI3 with Reduced Graphene Oxide as a Highly Efficient and Stable Visible‐Light Photocatalyst for Hydrogen Evolution in Aqueous HI Solution

A facile and efficient photoreduction method is employed to synthesize the composite of methylammonium lead iodide perovskite (MAPbI₃) with reduced graphene oxide (rGO). This MAPbI₃/rGO composite is shown to be an outstanding visible‐light photocatalyst for H₂ evolution in aqueous HI solution saturated with MAPbI₃. Powder samples of MAPbI₃/rGO (100 mg) show a H₂ evolution rate of 93.9 µmol h^?1, which is 67 times faster than that of pristine MAPbI₃, under 120 mW cm^?2 visible‐light (λ ≥ 420 nm) illumination, and the composite is highly stable showing no significant decrease in the catalytic activity after 200 h (i.e., 20 cycles) of repeated H₂ evolution experiments. The electrochemiluminescence performance of MAPbI₃ is investigated to explore the charge transfer process, to find that the photogenerated electrons in MAPbI₃ are transferred to the rGO sites, where protons are reduced to H₂.     

光降解苯酚用rGO/Mo@TiO2纳米复合材料的制备及性能表征

利用溶胶-凝胶法,制备了TiO₂和Mo@TiO₂纳米粒子。采用液相沉积法,将TiO₂和Mo@TiO₂纳米粒子沉积到GO上面,制备了rGO/TiO₂和rGO/Mo@TiO₂纳米复合材料。利用SEM、XRD、XPS、FT-IR和拉曼光谱分别对TiO₂、Mo@TiO₂、rGO/TiO₂和rGO/Mo@TiO₂样品的形貌、晶型结构、离子状态以及材料的复合情况进行了研究;利用紫外-可见分光光度计测定了样品的UV-Vis吸收光谱。结果表明,制备的所有样品中的TiO₂均为锐钛矿型,且GO大部分被还原成了rGO;Mo@TiO₂、rGO/TiO₂和rGO/Mo@TiO₂样品的UV-Vis吸收光谱谱带向可见光区域内明显移动,纳米复合材料可见光利用率得到明显提升;Mo和rGO的引入,使样品的Ti2p和Mo3d光谱强度降低,XPS光谱均发生了红移,从而导致TiO₂表面化学环境发生变化,特征峰向较高的结合能处偏移;SEM分析表明,rGO和TiO₂之间具有良好的相互作用,在rGO表面沉积Mo@TiO₂颗粒后,其形貌保持不变,形成了rGO/Mo@TiO₂纳米复合材料;rGO/Mo@TiO₂纳米复合材料的光催化活性最高,3 h对p-NP的降解率为84%,而TiO₂、rGO/TiO₂和Mo@TiO₂3 h对p-NP的降解率分别为26%,42%和61%。     

Electromagnetic wave absorbing properties of In–Sn/rGO composites supported by impurity defect

With the fast development of E-communication technology, effective electromagnetic wave absorbing materials are highly needed to address the growing electromagnetic pollution. Herein, Indium doped tin microsphere/reduced graphene oxide (In–Sn/rGO) composites with rich impurity defects were synthesized via the sol-gel and hydrothermal method. The excellent microwave absorption of In–Sn/rGO composites can be attributed to the modifications of electronics status and Fermi energy level after In doping. This can significantly increase the carrier mobility between In–Sn microspheres and rGO sheets to strike a superior interfacial polarization loss. As a result, the maximum absorptivity can reach ?51.16 dB at 8.73 GHz (thickness: 3.5 mm) with a lower filler loading of 10 wt%. Meanwhile, the synthesized In–Sn/rGO composites also exhibit an ultra-wide absorbing frequency range of 13.84 GHz (within the X band, Ku band, and most of the C band). This research provides a new idea for the synthesis of effective microwave absorbing material by introducing impurity defects.