EFFECT OF RESIDUAL STRESS ON THE MARTENSITIC TRANSFORMATION OF SPUTTER-DEPOSITED SMA THIN FILMS

TiNi thin films were sputter-deposited on circular single-cry stal silicon substrates un-der various sputtering parameters. The crystal structure and residual stress of the as-deposited films were determined by X-ray diffraction and substrate-curvature method. The phenomenon of stress-suppressed martensitic transformation was observed. R is considered that the residual stresses in SMA thin films based on circular substrates act as balanced biaxial tensile stresses. The status of equilibrant delays the align-ment of self-accommodated variants and the volume shrinkage during the martensitic transformation.     

注塑制品的翘曲变形分析

主要讨论模具结构设计及塑化、脱模等阶段引起塑件翘曲变形的机理和相关因素.     

球铁曲轴强韧化复合处理的研究

将整体加热至奥氏体化后的柴油机１９５型曲轴进行轴颈处局部喷冷处理，可以使试验曲轴的极限弯和这到２．９４－１０＾３Ｎｍ以上。装机试验３０００ｈ后轴颈处磨损量为０．０２５￣０．０３０ｍｍ，与软氮化处理曲轴的起始耐磨性能相近。从表到里轴颈径向组织分布为孪晶马氏体→下贝氏体→上贝氏体及粒状贝氏体与心部的珠光体。在过渡区没有明显的组织突变，且下贝氏体区组织极为精细。在轴颈表面存在－２４６ＭＰａ的残余压应力，     

ZMl Mg合金的表面滚压强化SCIEI

研究了表面滚压对ＺＭ１Ｍｇ合金疲劳强度和疲劳缺口敏感度的影响。结果表明，滚压可使其光滑疲劳极限提高５７％，缺口疲劳极限提高２００％，大大降低疲劳缺口敏感度，使ｑ出现负值。ｈｃｐ的ＺＭ１Ｍｇ合金滚压时以滑移和孪生方式变形和形变强化，引入高的残余压应力，有利于提高缺口疲劳极限和降低疲劳缺口敏感度。     

弹簧表层优化喷丸残余应力场的工程计算方法

以往多是依靠疲劳试验或经验来选择弹簧的喷丸强化工艺参数，这种传统作法不仅人力和物力耗费大，而且所确定的工艺参数也不一定具有最佳的强化效果。依据作者提出的并已获得试验验证的“内部疲劳极限理论”，提出一种通过工程计算获得达到预先规定疲劳强度应具备的“优化残余应力场”。这样便有可能把喷丸强化工艺技术在制造业中的应用由以往单纯依靠试验和经验而步入到以工程计算为基础与少量典型试验相结合的更科学的途径。     

Evaluation of Surface Residual Stresses in Friction Stir Welds Due to Laser and Shot Peening

The effects of laser, and shot peening on the residual stresses in friction stir welds (FSW) has been investigated. The surface residual stresses were measured at five different locations across the weld in order to produce an adequate residual stress profile. The residual stresses before and after sectioning the coupon from the welded plate were also measured, and the effect of coupon size on the residual stress relaxation was determined and characterized. Measurements indicate that residual stresses were not uniform along the welded plate, and large variation in stress magnitude could be exhibited at various locations along the FSW plate. Sectioning resulted in significant residual stress relaxation in the longitudinal direction attributed to the large change in dimensions in this direction. Overall, laser and shot peening resulted in a significant reduction in tensile residual stresses at the surface of the specimens.     

Surface integrity in finish hard turning of case-hardened steels

Highly stressed steel components, e.g., gears and bearing parts, are appropriate applications for hard turning. Therefore, the process effects on significant engineering properties of work materials have to be carefully analyzed. Roughness, residual stresses, and white layers as parts of surface integrity, are functions of the machining parameters and of the cuttability of the cutting edge, i.e. of the tool wear.The aim of this work was to study the influence of feed rate, cutting speed, and tool wear on the effects induced by hard turning on case-hardened 27MnCr5 gear conebrakes and to point out the technical limitations in mass production.     

Creep-induced local lattice parameter changes in a monocrystalline nickel-base superalloy

The γ-γ lattice mismatch of specimens of the monocrystalline nickel-base superalloy SRR 99 has been measured by a high-resolution X-ray diffraction technique for the undeformed state and after high-tem-perature creep deformation. During creep deformation beyond the minimum creep rate (total strain =0.5%), the lattice mismatches, measured in and perpendicular to the [001] stress axis, respectively, un-dergo changes in opposite directions. This reflects the buildup of a complex deformation-induced triaxial state of internal stress in the phases y and γ. The overall resolved shear stresses that act in γ and y due to the combined action of the external and internal stresses are estimated, and the conditions under which cutting of the γ phase by dislocations should occur are discussed.     

掺杂石墨/Cu钎焊接头残余应力的分布特征及中间层的作用

利用有限元方法,模拟分析了掺杂石墨/Cu钎焊接头残余应力的分布特征。分析结果表明,对接头有害的较大残余应力分布在石墨棱角距离焊缝约0.8mm处的狭小区域;降低连接温度、减少连接时间及增加钎焊压力均有利于减小接头残余应力,优化接头的界面应力状态;中间层的加入在一定程度上缓和了接头的残余应力。从缓和效果来看,Cu比Mo作中间层好,而Cu/Mo复合中间层的缓和效果最好,是较理想的中间层材料。     

浸渗工艺对SiC/Al复合材料残余气孔率的影响

采用无压浸渗法制备了SiC/Al复合材料,从浸渗动力学和工艺方法的角度探讨了浸渗保温时间和降温方式对复合材料的残余气孔率的影响。结果表明:随着保温时间的适当延长,能有效地降低复合材料的残余气孔率;连续降温优于分段降温,有利于降低SiC/Al复合材料的残余气孔率。