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991.
Sheng-Qiang Fan Chang-Jiu Li Guan-Jun Yang Ling-Zi Zhang Jin-Cheng Gao Ying-Xin Xi 《Journal of Thermal Spray Technology》2007,16(5-6):893-897
Deposition of nanocrystalline TiO2 coating at low temperature is becoming more attractive due to the possibility for continuous roll production of the coating
for assembly lines of dye-sensitized solar cell (DSC) at a low cost. In this study, porous nano-TiO2 coating was deposited by vacuum cold spraying (VCS) at room temperature on a conducting glass substrate using commercial
P25 nanocrystalline TiO2 powder. The microstructure of TiO2 coating was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and nitrogen adsorption test. A commercial
dye (N719) was adsorbed on the surface of TiO2 particles within the coating to assemble a DSC. The cell performance was evaluated by employing simulated solar light at
an intensity of 100 mW/cm2. The results showed that TiO2 coating was deposited by the agglomerates of nano-TiO2 powders. The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) test of the as-sprayed TiO2 coating yielded a porosity of 49% and an average pore size of 17 nm. The assembled solar cell yielded a short-circuit current
density of 7.3 mA/cm2 and an energy conversion efficiency of 2.4%. The test results indicate that VCS was a promising method to deposit nanocrystalline
TiO2 coatings at low temperature applied to DSCs.
This article is an invited paper selected from presentations at the 2007 International Thermal Spray Conference and has been
expanded from the original presentation. It is simultaneously published in Global Coating Solutions, Proceedings of the 2007 International Thermal Spray Conference, Beijing, China, May 14-16, 2007, Basil R. Marple, Margaret M. Hyland, Yuk-Chiu Lau, Chang-Jiu Li, Rogerio S. Lima, and Ghislain
Montavon, Ed., ASM International, Materials Park, OH, 2007. 相似文献
992.
X. Q. Ma H. Zhang J. Dai J. Roth R. Hui T. D. Xiao D. E. Reisner 《Journal of Thermal Spray Technology》2005,14(1):61-66
This work addresses the fabrication of membrane-type solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) operating at medium temperatures, where
all components are fabricated by plasma spray technology, and the evaluation of the performance of the SOFC single unit in
a temperature range of 500 to 800 °C. Single cells composed of LaSrMgO3 cathodes, LaSrGaMgO3 (LSGM) electrolytes, and Ni/yttria-stabilized zirconia anodes were fabricated in successive atmospheric plasma-spraying processes.
Plasma-spraying processes have been optimized and tailored to each layer to achieve highly porous cathode and anode layers
as well as high-density electrolyte layers. A major effort has been devoted to the production of the LSGM electrolyte that
has a high density and is free of cracks. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was used to investigate the conductivity
of the electrode layers, and particularly the resistance of the electrolyte layer. It revealed that the heat treatment had
a great influence on the specific conductivity of the sprayed electrolyte layers and that the specific conductivity of the
heat-treated layers was dramatically increased to the same magnitude as is typical for sintered LSGM pellets. The experimental
results have demonstrated that the plasma-spraying process has a great potential for the integrated fabrication of medium-temperature
SOFC units.
The original version of this article was published as part of the ASM Proceedings, Thermal Spray 2003: Advancing the Science and Applying the Technology, International Thermal Spray Conference (Orlando, FL), May 5–8, 2003, Basil R. Marple and Christian Moreau, Ed., ASM International,
2003. 相似文献
993.
994.
凝胶燃烧法合成LiCoO2超细粉体的研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
以LiNO3和Co(NO3)2@6H2O为原料,柠檬酸为燃料.采用凝胶低温燃烧技术合成了LiCoO2超细粉体.并利用各种分析技术对柠檬酸和硝酸盐形成的凝胶及凝胶燃烧合成的粉体进行了研究柠檬酸硝酸盐凝胶在350-400℃之间发生燃烧反应,得到黑色疏松粉体X射线衍射分析表明.适当提高柠檬酸在凝胶中的含量.燃烧后得到的粉体晶粒尺寸显著减小未经燃烧的粉体中除含有LiCoO2外.还有CoO,Li2CO3等杂质相.但在450℃下经短时间煅烧后.杂质相消失,其晶相为层状岩盐结构的高温LiCoO2相扫描电镜和透射电镜观察发现.随着煅烧温度的提高.LiCoO2粉体的粒径有所增大.但远小于在相同煅烧条件下用固相反应法制备的LiCoO2粉体.这表明采用燃烧法更适于合成具有单一相结构的,可在低温条件下烧结的超细LiCoO2粉体. 相似文献
995.
996.
连铸中间包内三维湍流流动的数值模拟 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
连铸中间包的操作条件决定了其内流动现象的复杂性,为此,本文选择两种不同的湍流模型k-ε和LES(Largeeddysimulation),建立了描述连铸中间包内三维湍流流动的数学模型,并实施了数值计算和模型验证,对单流中间包内的流动现象进行了描述,考察了有,无流动控制情况下中间包内的流动特征和湍流模型的合理性,结果表明,合理的流动控制有利于中间包内非金属夹杂的上浮和吸附,用k-ε模型基本上能够描述 相似文献
997.
方柱体镦粗的两个新力学模型 总被引:8,自引:1,他引:8
在对平板间镦粗圆柱体的研究[1,2,3]基础上,进一步对普通平板间的方柱体镦粗,进行了工程力学的分析,提出了二个新力学模型,并进行了实验验证。这为形成新的拔长理论[4,6]奠定了力学基础。 相似文献
998.
N. Z. Mehdizadeh M. Lamontagne C. Moreau S. Chandra J. Mostaghimi 《Journal of Thermal Spray Technology》2005,14(3):354-361
Plasma-sprayed molten molybdenum particles (∼40 μm in diameter) were photographed impinging at high velocity (∼140 m/s) on
a glass substrate at room temperature. An optical sensor detected thermal radiation emitted by a droplet as it approached
the substrate and activated a time delay unit. After a selected time interval, an Nd:YAG laser was triggered, emitting a 5
ns pulse that provided illumination for a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera to photograph the impacting droplet through a
long-range microscope. By varying the delay before pulsing the laser, different stages of droplet deformation were recorded.
Impacting droplets spread into a thin circular film that ruptured and broke into small fragments. An optical detector recording
thermal radiation from the impacting droplet gave a signal that increased as the droplet spread out, reached a maximum when
the liquid film began to rupture, and decreased as portions of the droplet recoiled because of surface tension and then flew
out of view of the photodetector. 相似文献
999.
应用人工神经网络理论建立热粘塑性材料的本构关系 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
本文将人工神经网络(ANN)用于建立热粘塑性材料的本构关系,意在探索出一种描述材料变形力学行为的新方法。文中给出了应用人工神经网络建立热粘塑性材料本构关系的BP模型和学习算法过程,并应用于45号钢在高温和高速变形条件下的流动应力计算。计算结果与实测结果比较表明,二者吻合良好。因此,应用人工神经网络建立热粘塑性材料的本构关系具有重要的工程应用价值。 相似文献
1000.
Marta Teixeira Pinto Ana Sofia Ribeiro Inês Conde Rita Carvalho Joana Paredes 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(1)
The high plasticity of cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) allows them to differentiate and proliferate, specifically when xenotransplanted subcutaneously into immunocompromised mice. CSCs are highly tumorigenic, even when inoculated in small numbers. Thus, in vivo limiting dilution assays (LDA) in mice are the current gold standard method to evaluate CSC enrichment and activity. The chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) is a low cost, naturally immune-incompetent and reproducible model widely used to evaluate the spontaneous growth of human tumor cells. Here, we established a CAM-LDA assay able to rapidly reproduce tumor specificities—in particular, the ability of the small population of CSCs to form tumors. We used a panel of organotropic metastatic breast cancer cells, which show an enrichment in a stem cell gene signature, enhanced CD44+/CD24−/low cell surface expression and increased mammosphere-forming efficiency (MFE). The size of CAM-xenografted tumors correlate with the number of inoculated cancer cells, following mice xenograft growth pattern. CAM and mice tumors are histologically comparable, displaying both breast CSC markers CD44 and CD49f. Therefore, we propose a new tool for studying CSC prevalence and function—the chick CAM-LDA—a model with easy handling, accessibility, rapid growth and the absence of ethical and regulatory constraints. 相似文献