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71.
The Bou Hadjar low-temperature hydrothermal system is located in northeast Algeria. The four main thermal springs that are the subject of the study emerge ith temperatures between 32 and 60°C from allochthonous formations. The reservoir temperature has been estimated from chemical compositions by utilizing simultaneously the silica, gas and sulfate-water oxygen isotope geothermometers, fluid-mineral equilibrium calculations, and a mixing model. According to these thermometric methods, the most probable subsurface temperature is in the range 75–106°C. The mixing model suggests a temperature of 125°C for the parent water. 相似文献
72.
This paper focuses on the microscopic damage and progressive failure of a composite reinforced by plain-weave glass cloth under tensile fatigue loading. The fatigue process was divided into three stages like that of multi-directional laminates. It was found that the internal damage at each stage (matrix cracks, debonds in the weft, successive debonds in the warp and ‘metadelaminations’ between warps and wefts) occurred near the cross-over point of the fabric. The modulus decay mechanism was explained by considering the progression of this internal damage. From the end of the first stage to the beginning of the middle stage, a characteristic damage state (CDS) (called a ‘meta-CDS’) was observed. It was found that woven composites have a unit area of damage accumulation (called a ‘unit cell’) and the damage of each unit cell and its distribution control the total fatigue damage of the material. 相似文献
73.
W. Claeys V. Quintard S. Dilhaire D. Lewis Y. Danto 《Quality and Reliability Engineering International》1994,10(4):289-295
We have recently developed an optical contactless method for testing the quality of solder joints during accelerated thermal cycling ageing processes.1 The method was based upon the measurement of the dynamic thermal behaviour of the joint to short bursts of Joule heating. It has proved to be efficient in revealing the formation of cracks at the lead-solder interface. We present a method to evaluate ageing at a much earlier stage in the cycling process. We have observed in earlier work,1 that before cracks appear, structural changes occur in the solder at the lead-solder interface. The thermal response of the solder joint is recorded over time to a Peltier heat perturbation produced by flowing a current pulse through the interface where structural changes occur. The key point in this method is to discriminate the Peltier effect from the Joule thermal response because both effects generate heat. The variation of the early Peltier response in the thermal cycling ageing tests is seen as a quantitative signature of the structural changes in the lead-solder interface. 相似文献
74.
提出了三维定量储层地质模型及其参数动态预测方法,用该方法可预测储层开采状态,水淹区及剩余油区分布和各剩余油区的可采储量,三维定量储层地质模型的预测图件可为合理开采提供依据。 相似文献
75.
Optical measurements of thermal diffusivity of a material 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The measurement of thermal diffusivity of a material (in particular, a thin film) is important for various reasons, e.g., to predict the heat transfer in the solid subjected to a thermal process, to monitor surface composition or morphology, or to detect invisible subsurface defects like delaminations. This measurement can be done in a noncontact manner using various photothermal methods. Such methods typically involve pulsed heating of the surface by small amounts using a laser source; the decay of the surface temperature after this pulsed photothermal heating is then probed to provide the thermal diffusivity. Various probing methods have been developed in the literature, including the probing of reflection, refraction, and diffraction from the pulsed heated area, infrared thermal radiometry, and surface deformation. This paper provides an overview of such techniques and some examples of their applications. 相似文献
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78.
简单回顾了国内外在火电机组运行优化领域的研究历程,列举了目前国内外市场上针对火电机组的各种主流运行优化产品的功能特点和应用情况,分析了国外引进产品和国内自主研发产品在中国当前市场环境下各自的优势和劣势。介绍了当前运行优化系统在国内电站机组的应用现状,阐述了国内外运行优化系统在实际应用中存在的问题,并提出了相应的改进意见。对机组运行优化系统的未来发展进行了展望,指出机组运行优化系统将利用先进技术设备和信息平台,与电站管理紧密结合,在日益规范的市场中不断发展完善,为提高电站经济性发挥更大的作用。 相似文献
79.
建立了热采注汽系统热效率的计算模型。根据XX油田数据计算了2个注汽系统的热效率。提出了提高注汽系统热效率的三项措施:(1)降低锅炉的过剩空气系数;(2)按最大允许热损失设计地面输汽管线的保温层厚度;(3)使用视导热系数小的隔热油管,按箍增加隔热结构,防止热封隔器的泄漏等。 相似文献
80.
小型密闭压力容器测试(MCPVT)法是安全工程领域中近几年发展起来的、评价有机过氧化物及自反应物质受热分解反应激烈程度的新方法。pmax是MCPVT方法中用来表征自反应物质受热分解反应激烈程度的物理量之一。文中通过大量实验,研究了样品容器容积V、升温速率R及样品质量M对pmax重复性误差的影响,研究了一系列典型的有机过氧化物和自反应物质在标准实验条件下pmax重复性误差。结果表明,小型密闭压力容器测试系统重复性好,测试结果可靠,从而为MCPVT法最终成为国际上评价自反应物质受热分解反应激烈程度标准方法奠定了基础。 相似文献