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郑文新 《水科学与工程技术》2007,(4):25-27
黑河水利枢纽右岸溢洪洞为缩短引渠左导墙的长度,减少施工开挖量,降低施工难度,减少工程投资,进行优化试验.通过对7种不同的方案对比分析,选择了合适的体型,满足了工程要求. 相似文献
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Different qualities of concrete have been fire tested using different geometries of the specimens as well as different load levels and load configurations. The main objective with the study was to examine a test methodology consisting of a full‐scale test and different small scale‐tests for determining the probability of spalling and the amount of spalling of fire exposed concrete structures. A reference specimen was defined as a one‐sided fire exposed slab with the dimensions 1800 × 1200 mm2 giving an exposed area of 1500 × 1200 mm2. A number of concrete qualities with different probabilities for spalling, were tested using the reference specimen. These tests showed that the reference specimens worked well giving the expected test results. Small specimens were manufactured in different shapes with the same concrete as the one used in the reference tests. These small specimens were tested either at the same time as the reference specimens in the large furnace or afterwards on a small‐scale furnace where the fire exposed surface was 450 × 360 mm2. The test results clearly show the increased probability and the increased amount of spalling by using external compressive loading. The results also show that by using pre‐stress through bars or wires the load can be lost due to heating of the bars/wires which results in a decreased amount of spalling. The boundary of the specimen also affects the amount of spalling. The spalling around the edges was in all tests less than the spalling on the central parts of the exposed area. It could also be noted that the spalling did not pass completely through any of the specimens. The reason for this is probably that the water/vapour could migrate out from the unexposed surface of the specimen. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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A one–dimensional, transient thermal degradation heat transfer model for the response of composite materials when exposed to fire is presented. The model can handle layers of different materials. Material properties are functions of temperature. The reaction can be specified using Arrhenius‐type parameters or by inputting a density–temperature relationship determined by any experimental technique such as thermogravimetric analysis. The model is validated against the experimental data presented in Boyer's 1984 dissertation. Overall, the model provides excellent agreement with the experimental data. It is shown that very little difference is found between results arrived at by Arrhenius kinetics and results obtained by specifying the easier to measure density–temperature relationship. From this it is concluded that this technique is a viable alternative to Arrhenius‐type models. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Responds to the comments by J. J. Kramer (see record 1990-58925-001) on the current author's original article (see record 1986-19878-001), in which Matarazzo contends that computerized clinical psychological test interpretations offer considerable potential for improving the work of health service providers. However, cost additions associated with this technology have increased the probabilities that legislative, judicial, and administrative restrictions and sanctions will be imposed. Here, Matarazzo notes that he finds nothing in Kramer's comments that is inconsistent with the opinions that Matarazzo himself offered. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
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介绍了夹杂物的来源,包括内生夹杂和外来夹杂,着重于二次氧化产物、卷渣、内衬侵蚀.同时介绍了鄂钢电炉厂在冶炼和连铸过程中控制夹杂物的操作实践. 相似文献
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本文对激光结晶a-Si∶H SOI结构砷注入和快速退火行为作了研究.a-Si∶H激光结晶有Lp-LCR,OD,FCR-2,FCR-1四个结晶区.用剖面电镜观察了结晶区的结构.扩展电阻测量表明Lp-LCR区中有两种扩散机制,即杂质在晶粒体内扩散和沿缺陷扩散.OD区中有三种扩散形式,除有上述两种以外,还有沿缺陷的扩散.首次比较了沿晶界和缺陷的扩散速度. 相似文献
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