Fabrication of polysulfone asymmetric hollow‐fiber membranes by coextrusion through a triple‐orifice spinneret

Polysulfone (PSf) asymmetric hollow‐fiber membranes, which have a dense outer layer but a loose inner layer, were tentatively fabricated by coextrusion through a triple‐orifice spinneret and a dry/wet‐phase inversion process. Two simple polymer dopes were tailored, respectively, for the dense outer layer and the porous inner layer according to the principles of the phase‐inversion process. By adjusting the ratio of the inner/outer extrusion rate, the hollow‐fiber membranes with various thicknesses of outer layers were achieved. The morphology of the hollow‐fiber membranes was exhibited and the processing conditions and the water permeability of the membrane were investigated. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 94: 259–266, 2004     

UNIX主机行为监控系统的设计与实现

该文介绍了Unix主机行为监控系统在大型网络中的应用及作用,并提出了具体的设计方案与实现方法。该系统主要采用透明的方式串接在工作区域和服务器群之间,利用网卡零拷贝的技术保障业务流量不会产生瓶颈,同时利用bypass的技术来保障服务器群的高可用性,既能保证服务器群的安全,又不会给网络带来附加的影响。     

Research on the Control Strategy of Variable Nozzle Turbocharger for Natural Gas Engine

A variable nozzle turbocharger (VNT) was applied to a 2.2-liter L4 natural gas engine,and a VNT control system was designed to operate it.Based on VNT matching test results,a VNT control strategy was studied,in which VNT adjustment is carried out through pre-calibrated VNT handling rod position,combined with a closed-loop target boost pressure feedback using proportional-integral-derivative(PID) algorithm.Experimental results showed that the VNT control system presented in this thesis can lead to optimized ...     

Characteristics of shell thickness in a slab continuous casting mold

The key to reduce shell breakout in the continuous casting process is to control shell thickness in the mold.A numerical simulation on the turbulent flow and heat transfer coupled with solidification in the slab mold using the volume of fluid (VOF) model and the enthalpy-porosity scheme was conducted and the emphasis was put upon the flow effect on the shell thickness profiles in longitudinal and transverse directions.The results show that the jet acts a stronger impingement on the shell of narrow face,which causes a zero-increase of shell thickness in a certain range near the impingement point.The thinnest shell on the slab cross-section locates primarily in the center of the narrow face,and secondly near the comer of the wide face.Nozzle optimization can obviously increase the shell thickness and make it more uniform.     

大流量水电站表孔泄洪消能体型试验

大流量水电站的消能设计历来都是非常复杂和困难的.在1:60溢流坝表、中泄水孔断面模型上对密松水电站泄水建筑物的布置方案进行了泄流能力、流速流态、压力分布等相关水力学问题的试验研究,并通过10多个方案的比较优化,提出了基本可行的泄水建筑物体型和消力池型式.研究成果表明:表孔取消宽尾墩,采用跌坎式消力池方案,可有效降低底流消能时的池底板流速,同时消除宽尾墩形成的水翅击打两侧导墙现象,达到了较满意的消能效果.试验成果对该工程设计提供了较好的参考方案,并对类似工程有很好的启发借鉴作用.     

等离子喷涂枪喷嘴不同水冷方式的数值分析

为了分析等离子喷涂枪喷嘴水冷却系统的冷却效果,减少喷嘴的烧损现象,利用FLUENT数值模拟软件,基于计算流体动力学和数值传热学的方法,采用压力耦合方程组的半隐式算法(即SIMPLE算法),在保持喷嘴水冷却系统结构不变的情况下,设计了第1种水冷方式;通过调换进、出水道位置形成第2种水冷方式;在此基础上,理论设计了另外2种水冷方式,着重建模分析了喷嘴壁面温度场和其不同水冷方式下的速度场.通过比较得出了较合理的水冷方式,减少或消除了冷却死水区域,达到进一步冷却喷嘴的目的,同时分析了后2种方式应用于实际的可行性.分析结果表明,采用数值模拟技术能够比较准确地模拟喷嘴水冷却系统的有关特性,可进一步优化设计喷嘴水冷却系统.     

喷管轴线、摆角等参数的红外光电探测

提出了一种基于多目视觉红外光电探测和圆锥曲面拟合的喷管轴线、摆角等参数估计方法.假定前端装有红外LED发光板和红外滤光片的4台高速相机实现了同步数据采集,且已完成标定.以红外反光标记球贴着喷管表面移动的大量三维坐标采样为基础,采用圆锥曲面拟合的方法求取喷管轴线的向量表示以及喷管圆锥曲面的虚拟顶点.通过喷管摆动的大量瞬时转轴拟合得到最小二乘意义上的摆动轴.将喷管轴线和摆动轴的公垂线与喷管轴线的交点作为摆心.喷管在摆动前后任意两时刻间的摆角可以用喷管上标记点的前后坐标到摆动轴的垂线向量的内积求得.摆角变化量除以时间间隔可得摆动角速度.摆动角速度的变化量除以时间间隔可得摆动角加速度.使用双轴摇摆-直线升降运动校准装置模拟喷管运动,摆心位移、摆角、摆动角速度和角加速度的测量误差分别为0.17mm、0.03°、0.12(°)/s、0.4(°)/s2.实验结果证明了算法的可行性.     

喷管内雾状气液两相流场计算分析

基于双流体模型,考虑两相间动量和热量传递,采用变步长的Runge-Kutta法,对喷管内雾状气液两相流场进行了数值模拟.分析了亚声速及超声速流场特性,重点研究了液滴尺寸及初始含气率对两相流动的影响.计算结果表明:液相速度增长相对缓慢,喷管出口处两相速度差异最大;液相出口速度随液滴尺寸减小而增大,气相出口速度随其减小而减小;液相、气相出口速度均随着初始含气率的增大而增大;在超声速流动中,喉部马赫数小于1,喉部面积随初始含气率及液滴尺寸的增大而减小.这将为喷雾发动机性能的研究分析奠定基础.     

Discrimination for ablative control mechanism in solid-propellant rocket nozzle

The ablation in solid-propellant rocket nozzle is a coupling process resulted by chemistry, heat and mass transfer. Based on the heat and mass transfer theory, the aero-thermo-dynamic, and thermo-chemical kinetics, the thermal-chemical ablation model is established. Simulations are completed on the heat flow field and chemical ablation in the nozzle with different concentrations, frequency factors and activation energy of H2. The calculation results show that the concentration and the activation energy of H...     

基于多物理耦合场的固液两相磨粒流伺服阀阀芯喷嘴抛光研究

伺服阀阀芯喷嘴是伺服控制系统中的重要零部件,尤其是喷嘴小孔的表面质量会直接影响到整个伺服控制系统的进程,因此阀芯喷嘴要求很高的尺寸精度、形位精度以及表面粗糙度。为探讨磨粒流抛光伺服阀阀芯喷嘴的抛光效果,对磨粒流抛光阀芯喷嘴的加工过程进行数值模拟研究,分析了不同入口速度条件下阀芯喷嘴内磨粒流的动态压力、速度以及湍流动能的分布状况,研究分析了磨粒流抛光阀芯喷嘴的有效性,并对阀芯喷嘴的磨粒流抛光效果进行了预测。