爆破法制浆技术及其产业化应用

本文通过实验分析爆破法制浆的废水污染负荷、浆料的微细结构和成纸的物理性能等，阐述爆破法制浆是一种新型的清洁生产制浆新技术，其产业化应用技术日趋成熟和完善，推广应用前景广阔。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定3种水产品中氯霉素、四环素含量

目的 建立超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, UPLC-MS/MS)同时测定3种水产品中氯霉素、四环素的方法。方法 样品经Na2EDTA-Mcllvaine缓冲溶液(pH=4.0±0.5)提取, HLB柱净化, 采用色谱柱Waters Acquity BEH C18柱(50 mm×2.1 mm, 1.7 μm)分离。电离方式为氯霉素使用电喷雾负离子模式; 四环素使用电喷雾正离子模式。检测方式为多反应监测。 结果 该法线性关系良好, 相关系数大于0.999; 平均回收率为80.4%~97.8%; RSD均小于5%。结论 该方法操作简便快速, 准确度高, 可作为水产品中氯霉素、四环素的测定方法。     

超高效液相色谱-三重四极杆串联质谱法测定双壳类水产品中亲脂性贝类毒素

目的建立超高效液相色谱-三重四极杆串联质谱法(high performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry,HPLC-TQ-MS/MS)方法检测双壳类水产中的亲脂性贝类毒素(lipophilicphycotoxins,LPs)。方法样品采用80%甲醇水溶液进行提取,上清液经strata-x柱净化,将洗脱液氮吹至干定容后上机测定。选用Agilent ZORBAX Eclipse Plus C_(18)(2.1 mm×50 mm,1.8μm)色谱柱,以10mmol/L甲酸铵-0.1%甲酸水和乙腈(含0.1%甲酸)为流动相,采用梯度洗脱进行分离。多重态反应监测(multiple reaction monitoring,MRM)方式检测。结果 LPs的线性范围为5.0~200 ng/mL,检出限为5.0~6.0μg/kg,回收率在45.8%~86.3%之间。结论本方法提取效果较好、基质效应小,适用于双壳类水产中亲脂性贝类毒素的痕量检测。     

天然淀粉的超高压糊化压力研究

在悬浮液浓度为5%(w/v),温度为(20±2)℃时,对8种不同淀粉进行高压处理5 min使淀粉发生糊化,采用X射线衍射测试技术得到了各种淀粉完全糊化的压力:小麦淀粉和木薯淀粉约为500 MPa,玉米淀粉、荸荠淀粉、糯小麦淀粉和糯米淀粉均为550 MPa,糯玉米淀粉约为650 MPa,马铃薯淀粉为750 MPa.     

超临界甲醇法制备文冠果种仁油生物柴油研究

研究超临界甲醇法制备文冠果种仁油生物柴油时温度、醇油摩尔比、反应时间和助溶剂对油脂转化率影响,并对制备生物柴油样品进行质量指标分析。结果表明,文冠果种仁油在超临界甲醇中较为适宜转酯化反应条件为:反应温度350℃,醇油摩尔比40∶1,反应时间15 min,油脂转化率为91.25%;且生物柴油样品多项理化指标基本达到美国ASTM生物柴油标准,并与中国0#柴油标准接近。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定豆芽中植物生长调节剂残留量的不确定度评定

对超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定豆芽中3 种植物生长调节剂残留量进行不确定度分析评定。根据JJF1059.1—2012《测量不确定度评定与表示》中有关规定,构建不确定度评定的数学模型,深度剖析不确定度的来源,并对各分量加以量化和合成。评定结果表明,标准溶液配制和标准曲线拟合所产生的不确定度分量最大;当豆芽中多效唑含量为5.9 μg/kg时,其扩展不确定度为0.6 μg/kg（k＝2）;吲哚乙酸含量为15.5 μg/kg时,其扩展不确定度为2.3 μg/kg（k＝2）;吲哚丁酸含量为16.0 μg/kg时,其扩展不确定度为2.3 μg/kg（k＝2）。     

超高压对酱料食品中微生物指标的影响

由于超高压杀菌技术实现了常温或较低温度下杀菌和灭酶,保证了食品的营养成分和感官特性,因此被认为是一种最有潜力和发展前景的食品加工和保藏新技术。广泛的应用于含液体成分的固态食品或液态食品的杀菌。本实验尝试以酱料食品为样本,研究超高压杀菌技术对半固体膏状调味品的微生物卫生指标的影响,探讨非热力抑菌技术在半固体膏状调味品生产的应用。分别对压力、保压时间、温度进行单因素实验,结果为300MPa为最佳压力,20min为最佳保压时间,32℃为最适温度。     

Quantitative Analysis of Bioactive Compounds from Aromatic Plants by Means of Dynamic Headspace Extraction and Multiple Headspace Extraction‐Gas Chromatography‐Mass Spectrometry

Seven monoterpenes in 4 aromatic plants (sage, cardamom, lavender, and rosemary) were quantified in liquid extracts and directly in solid samples by means of dynamic headspace‐gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (DHS‐GC‐MS) and multiple headspace extraction‐gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (MHSE), respectively. The monoterpenes were 1st extracted by means of supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) and analyzed by an optimized DHS‐GC‐MS. The optimization of the dynamic extraction step and the desorption/cryo‐focusing step were tackled independently by experimental design assays. The best working conditions were set at 30 °C for the incubation temperature, 5 min of incubation time, and 40 mL of purge volume for the dynamic extraction step of these bioactive molecules. The conditions of the desorption/cryo‐trapping step from the Tenax TA trap were set at follows: the temperature was increased from 30 to 300 °C at 150 °C/min, although the cryo‐trapping was maintained at ?70 °C. In order to estimate the efficiency of the SFE process, the analysis of monoterpenes in the 4 aromatic plants was directly carried out by means of MHSE because it did not require any sample preparation. Good linearity (r² > 0.99) and reproducibility (relative standard deviation % <12) was obtained for solid and liquid quantification approaches, in the ranges of 0.5 to 200 ng and 10 to 500 ng/mL, respectively. The developed methods were applied to analyze the concentration of 7 monoterpenes in aromatic plants obtaining concentrations in the range of 2 to 6000 ng/g and 0.25 to 110 μg/mg, respectively.     

荷叶超临界CO2萃取物调节动物血脂的作用

研究了荷叶超临界CO2萃取物对高脂血症大鼠调脂作用的影响。结果表明：荷叶超临界CO2萃取物能显著降低高脂大鼠的血清总胆固醇（TC）、总甘油三脂（TG）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL-C）和升高高密度脂蛋白（HDL—C），能显著降低高脂血症大鼠血清和肝脏中丙二醛（MDA）含量及提高超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH—Px）活性。     

A simple model for deep dynamic stall conditions

The present study is focused on modeling of dynamic stall behavior of a pitching airfoil. The deep stall regime is in particular considered. A model is proposed, which has a low implementation and computational complexity but yet is able to deal with different types of dynamic stall conditions, including those characterized by multiple vortex shedding at the airfoil leading edge. The proposed model is appraised against an extensive data set of experimental (α,C_L) curves for NACA0012. The results of an existing widely used model, having comparable complexity, are also shown for comparison. The proposed model is able to well reproduce not only the classic curves of deep dynamic stall but also the curves characterized by lift oscillations at high angles of attack due to the shedding of multiple vortices. Furthermore, the model appears to be robust to variations of its parameters from the optimal values and of the airfoil geometry. Finally, the model is successfully implemented in a commercial CFD software and applied to the simulation of a vertical axis wind turbine within the actuator cylinder approach. The accuracy of the prediction of the turbine power coefficient in the whole rotation cycle is very good for the optimal working condition of the turbine, for which the model parameters were calibrated. Fairly good accuracy is also obtained in significantly different working conditions without any further calibration.