质子交换铌酸锂波导MMI光功分器

利用三维非旁轴近似光束传输法对退火质子交换铌酸锂渐变折射率分布波导中的自镜像效应进行分析与模拟 .在此基础上 ,利用退火质子交换技术在 X切 Y传铌酸锂衬底上进一步制作了 1× 8MMI光功分器 .测试表明器件实现了 1路分成 8路的光功分功能 .     

Axial offset control of PWR nuclear reactor core using intelligent techniques

Improved load following capability is one of the main technical performances of advanced PWR (APWR). Controlling the nuclear reactor core during load following operation encounters some difficulties. These difficulties mainly arise from nuclear reactor core limitations in local power peaking, while the core is subject to large and sharp variation of local power density during transients. Axial offset (AO) is the parameter usually used to represent of core power peaking, in form of a practical parameter. This paper, proposes a new intelligent approach to AO control of PWR nuclear reactors core during load following operation. This method uses a neural network model of the core to predict the dynamic behavior of the core and a fuzzy critic based on the operator knowledge and experience for the purpose of decision-making during load following operations. Simulation results show that this method can use optimum control rod groups maneuver with variable overlapping and may improve the reactor load following capability.     

Effect of APE1 T2197G (Asp148Glu) Polymorphism on APE1, XRCC1, PARP1 and OGG1 Expression in Patients with Colorectal Cancer

It has been hypothesized that genetic variation in base excision repair (BER) might modify colorectal adenoma risk. Thus, we evaluated the influence of APE1 T2197G (Asp148Glu) polymorphism on APE1, XRCC1, PARP1 and OGG1 expression in normal and tumor samples from patients with colorectal cancer. The results indicate a downregulation of OGG1 and an upregulation of XRCC1 expression in tumor tissue. Regarding the anatomical location of APE1, OGG1 and PARP-1, a decrease in gene expression was observed among patients with cancer in the rectum. In patients with or without some degree of tumor invasion, a significant downregulation in OGG1 was observed in tumor tissue. Interestingly, when taking into account the tumor stage, patients with more advanced grades (III and IV) showed a significant repression for APE1, OGG1 and PARP-1. XRCC1 expression levels were significantly enhanced in tumor samples and were correlated with all clinical and histopathological data. Concerning the polymorphism T2197G, GG genotype carriers exhibited a significantly reduced expression of genes of the BER repair system (APE1, XRCC1 and PARP1). In summary, our data show that patients with colorectal cancer present expression changes in several BER genes, suggesting a role for APE1, XRCC1, PARP1 and OGG1 and APE1 polymorphism in colorectal carcinogenesis.     

效率为先：机器翻译译后编辑技术综述

译后编辑是近年来随机器翻译发展新兴的计算机应用研究领域。综述了译后编辑所涉及的三方面的技术问题：自动译后编辑,自动机器翻译质量评估以及译后编辑工作量测量。自动译后编辑与自动机器翻译质量评估均应用自然语言处理领域相关技术,通过自动完成部分编辑工作、筛选机器翻译译文来降低译员工作量,从而提高效率。对译后编辑工作量的研究侧重于分析机器翻译译文的错误对译员工作量的影响,为译后编辑系统环境的设计提供理论依据。总体而言,译后编辑技术研究的主要目的是提高译员的工作效率。     

退火质子交换法制作LiNbO_3光波导

文章介绍了退火质子交换机理和制作LiNbO3光波导的工艺过程。     

一种新的实时红外图像增强技术

提出了一种新的实时红外图像增强技术.此方法首先对图像进行多尺度滤波处理,得到图像的低频部分和高频部分;然后利用自适应平台直方图均衡的方法(APE)对低频部分进行了对比度增强,利用阈值XP方法对图像的高频部分进行了边缘锐化和降噪处理.很好的解决了红外图像存在的目标与背景对比度差、边缘模糊、噪声较大等缺陷.而且此方法的处理时间为每帧25ms满足实时显示的要求.实验表明此方法能在实时红外图像系统中取得了非常好的显示结果,红外图像经该方法增强后,目标与背景的对比度、边缘清晰度等都有一定改善.     

The possibility of tailoring the ne vs cLi relationship in lithium niobate optical waveguides

We present results of our study of concentration profiles of lithium (c_Li) in annealed proton exchanged (APE) waveguiding layers as measured by the neutron depth profiling (NDP) method. This non-destructive method, based on the ⁶Li(n,)³H reaction induced by thermal neutrons, allowed easy monitoring of c_Li profiles in a large number of samples fabricated under various fabrication conditions. Our systematic study revealed that, though every particular waveguide could be characterised by very similar mirror-shaped extraordinary refractive index (n_e) as well as c_Li depth profiles, in contrast with up to now generally accepted opinion, there was no linear relationship which unambiguously attributed Δn_e to Δc_Li. The most important fabrication step appeared to be the post-exchange annealing, during which the lithium atoms were transported towards the sample surfaces. The annealing regime pre-destined not only the depth distribution of the lithium atoms but, as a consequence of it, also other properties of the waveguiding region. That knowledge allows us to fabricate the APE waveguides with a priori given properties for a wide range of special applications. We have also formulated the n_e vs c_Li semi-empirical relationship, which was proved to fit all our fabricated APE waveguides.     

绿色高效三合一精练剂NC-601的研制和应用

以烷基糖苷为非离子表面活性剂主体组份，适当添加各种助剂，开发了无磷、无熔基酚聚氧乙烯醚类的绿色环保型三合一高效精练剂NC－601，探讨了它在纯棉织物上高效短流程前处理（冷轧零和碱氧一浴）工艺。     

Solar spectral influence on the performance of photovoltaic (PV) modules under fine weather and cloudy weather conditions

The performance of photovoltaic modules is influenced by solar spectrum even under the same solar irradiance conditions. Spectral factor (SF) is a useful index indicating the ratio of available solar irradiance between actual solar spectrums and the standard AM1·5‐G spectrum. In this study, the influence of solar spectrum on photovoltaic performance in cloudy weather as well as in fine weather is quantitatively evaluated as the reciprocal of SF (SF⁻¹). In the cases of fine weather, the SF⁻¹ suggests that solar spectrum has little influence (within a few %) on the performance of pc‐Si, a‐Si:H/sc‐Si, and copper indium gallium (di)selenide modules, because of the “offset effect”. The performance of a‐Si:H modules and the top layers of a‐Si:H/µc‐Si:H modules can vary by more than ± 10% under the extreme conditions in Japan. The seasonal and locational variations in the SF⁻¹ of the bottom layers are about ± several %. A negative correlation is shown between the top and bottom layers, indicating that the performance of a‐Si:H/µc‐Si:H modules does not exceed the performance, at which the currents of the top and bottom layers are balanced, by the influence of solar spectrum. In the cases of cloudy weather, the SF⁻¹ of the pc‐Si, a‐Si:H/sc‐Si, and copper indium gallium (di)selenide modules is generally higher, suggesting favorable for performance than that in fine weather. Much higher SF⁻¹ than that in fine weather is shown by the a‐Si:H module and the top layer of the a‐Si:H/µc‐Si:H module. The SF⁻¹ of the bottom layer neither simply depend on season nor on location. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

一种新型低放热水泥材料的室内性能研究

海洋深水钻探常常钻遇浅层水合物层,常规低温水泥浆放热量大,固井期间会引起水合物层不稳定,影响固井质量。通过对几种胶凝材料的筛选研究,开发了一种新型低放热水泥材料,从而建立了一套可适于深水浅层水合物层固井的低热水泥浆体系。该水泥浆体系在密度为1.40～1.60 g/cm3时,3 d的水化热均小于200 J/g,水泥石在10℃下养护24 h后的抗压强度大于3.5 MPa,降失水性能较常规低热水泥有较大提高,均小于50 mL,流变性测试φ₃₀₀均在300以下,同时新型低热水泥性能比普通低热水泥水化热更低,稠化时间可调,室内实验表明,新型低热水泥浆体系在低温环境下具有低水化热、高早强、低失水以及稠化性良好等特点,能够满足海洋深水水合物层固井作业的要求。