高D-α-生育酚对油脂氧化稳定性影响

用Rancimat仪测定高D-α-生育酚对油脂氧化稳定性影响,并与其它抗氧化剂进行比较分析。结果表明:高D-α-生育酚在猪油中有较强抗氧化效果,其抗氧化效果强于DL-α-生育酚,而稍弱于天然维生素E;而在大豆色拉油及葵花籽色拉油中有不太显著抗氧化效果,同时,高D-α-生育酚浓度及作用温度也对油脂氧化稳定性产生影响。     

Effect of additives on mesophilic α-amylase and its application in the desizing of cotton fabrics

An investigation was carried out on thermal stability of α-amylase. The influence of various additives (calcium acetate, sodium lactate, L-histidine, and water-soluble chitosan) on the stability of α-amylase was studied. Results showed the inactivation behavior of α-amylase with or without additives all followed the first-order kinetics. All additives (Ca2+, sodium lactate, L-histidine, and water-soluble chitosan) displayed good stabilizing effect on α-amylase lower than 80 °C, and only water-soluble chitosan had an efficient stabilizing effect on α-amylase when the treatment temperature exceeds 80 °C. All additives improved the catalytic activity of α-amylase at 70–90 °C, and the appearance of water-soluble chitosan increased the catalytic activity of α-amylase at 90 °C sharply. A desizing ratio of 68.42% was obtained by treating the cotton fabrics in the buffer solution at 100 °C without α-amylase. To obtain a desizing ratio exceed 95% when fabrics were treated at 100 °C for 10 min, the addition of water-soluble chitosan saves 2/3 α-amylase dosage. Moreover, water-soluble chitosan showed a further improvement in desizing effect than the additive of calcium acetate.     

α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂体外筛选方法的研究

以对-硝基苯-α-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷为底物,通过高效液相色谱定量分析水解产物对-硝基苯酚,确定α-葡萄糖苷酶的活性,建立新的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂的体外筛选方法,为了提高筛选方法的灵敏度,对酶促反应条件进行了优化,并用阿卡波糖验证筛选方法的可靠性,结果测得阿卡波糖的IC50为2.07 mg/mL,与文献报道相近,说明该法可替代传统的Trembly法,并可用于α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂的高通量筛选。     

Short communication: Bovine α-casein is a ferritin-binding protein and inhibitory factor of milk ferritin immunoassay

Commercial bovine milk α-casein, but not β- and κ-caseins, bound to bovine spleen ferritin, as determined by an immunoassay for ferritin. In contrast, α-casein did not bind to apoferritin. The binding of α-casein to bovine spleen ferritin was strongly inhibited by increasing ionic strength by the addition of 0.5 M (NH₄)₂SO₄. The addition of α-casein to a known amount of bovine spleen ferritin resulted in significantly lower recovery (78-80%) of added ferritin, although β- and κ-caseins showed little inhibitory effect in the ferritin immunoassay. These results indicate that bovine α-casein is a specific ferritin-binding protein that may inhibit milk ferritin immunoassay.     

The methionine precursor dl-2-hydroxy-(4-methylthio)butanoic acid protects intestinal epithelial barrier function

dl-2-hydroxy-(4-methylthio)butanoic acid (HMTBA) is a source of dietary methionine (Met) that is widely used in poultry nutrition. We have previously shown that HMTBA is preferentially diverted to the transsulfuration pathway, which gives antioxidant metabolites such as taurine and glutathione. Therefore, here we hypothesize that this Met source can protect epithelial barrier function in an in vitro model of intestinal inflammation of Caco-2 cells. The results show that HMTBA prevents the increase in paracellular permeability induced by H₂O₂ or tumour necrosis factor-α. This effect can be attributed to the increased production of taurine and reduced glutathione. Similar results were obtained for dl-Met, although the protective role of the amino acid was less pronounced than that of the hydroxy analogue. In conclusion, the diversion to the transsulfuration pathway means that this Met precursor is of greater value than previously thought, due to its capacity to improve intestinal homeostasis and the quality of poultry products destined for human consumption.     

枳椇籽油a-亚麻酸的富集纯化工艺研究

本文研究了枳椇籽油中α-亚麻酸的富集纯化及工艺.通过正交试验确定了最佳的皂化工艺条件:以乙醇为皂化介质,皂化比例为1∶6.0,皂化温度为45℃,皂化时间为30 min.采用尿素包合法对枳椇籽油中α-亚麻酸的富集纯化及工艺条件进行了研究,结果表明:以丙酮为尿包介质、尿包比例为1∶4、尿包温度为0℃、尿包时间为10h,枳椇...     

透明颤菌vgb基因在地衣芽孢杆菌中表达用于改良α-淀粉酶生产菌株

地衣芽孢杆菌高温α-淀粉酶是淀粉加工与食品发酵工业上关键酶制剂之一。为了降低高温α-淀粉酶生产过程中所需要的高溶氧水平对设备的要求,进一步提高α-淀粉酶的生产性能,本研究构建同源整合载体pAX01-sacB-vgb,在地衣芽孢杆菌(B.licheniforms)CICC 10181染色体中表达增强摄氧的透明颤菌血红蛋白基因(Vitreoscilla hemoglobin gene,vgb)。发酵实验结果表明,在同等溶氧条件下,重组菌比野生菌生物量提高了45.8%,高温α-淀粉酶酶活提高了116.7%,具有良好的工业应用前景。     

Thermotoga neapolitana α-葡萄糖苷酶基因克隆及表达

本文拟克隆新阿波罗栖热袍菌(Thermotoga neapolitana DSM 4359)的一种α-葡萄糖苷酶基因(TNAG),其GenBank注册号为lcl27401。首先以T.neapolitana DSM 4359基因组DNA为模板,通过PCR扩增目的基因并完成T克隆,在NCBI数据库中比对结果表明:目的基因与Thermotoqa sp.RQ2等氨基酸序列相似度高于99%。再将目的基因连接至表达载体pET-32a(+),并导入大肠杆菌Rosetta中用IPTG诱导表达。SDS-PAGE显示表达蛋白的大小约为72KDa。热纯化后酶液测活反应的最适温度为80℃,最适pH在5.0左右。     

桐油酶水解制备桐酸的工艺研究

为探索利用桐油酶水解制备桐酸的合理工艺,采用单因素实验考察了水解温度、水添加量和酶添加量对桐油水解率的影响,在此基础上以桐油水解率和α-桐酸保留率为指标,运用响应面法对桐油酶水解工艺条件进行优化。结果表明:桐油酶水解制备桐酸的最佳工艺条件为水解温度45℃、水添加量22%、酶添加量0.5%,在此条件下桐油水解率为90.15%,α-桐酸保留率为98.26%。     

新型α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂1-脱氧野尻霉素-羟基查耳酮杂合体在大鼠体内的吸收与代谢

本实验研究了新型、高效α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂1-脱氧野尻霉素-羟基查耳酮杂合体（DC-5）在大鼠体内的吸收与代谢。超高效液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间串联质谱（ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry,UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS）检测结果表明,DC-5灌胃后大鼠血液中出现了加氢还原、甲基化、磺酸化及葡萄糖醛酸化4 种代谢产物;灌胃后0.5 h,大鼠血液、心、肝、肺、胃、小肠中的DC-5含量达到峰值,而脾和肾中则在灌胃后1 h达到最高值;大鼠血液中DC-5的峰值质量浓度为162.76 ng/mL,半衰期（half-life in the terminal phase,T1/2）为30.66 h,平均驻留时间（mean residence time,MRT）为11.41 h;粪便是DC-5的主要排泄途径,24 h内排泄量为灌胃量的2.26%,显著高于24 h内尿液中的排泄量（0.015 6%）;药代动力学分析结果表明,DC-5在大鼠体内的生物利用度为1.47%。