THREE-DIMENSIONAL NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF AERATED FLOWS DOWNSTREAM SUDDEN FALL AERATOR EXPANSION-IN A TUNNEL

Air entrainment is known to be one of efficient and inexpensive methods to prevent cavitation damages in hydropower projects.The shape of sudden expansion-fall is used as a common device for mitigating cavitation erosions.The complex flow patterns with cavitation are numerically simulated by using the realizable k-εturbulence model and the air-water mixture model.The calculated results are compared well with the experimental results as well as those obtained with the k-εturbulence model with the Volume Of Fluid(VOF)Model.The calculated results agree well with the experimental data for the aeration cavity and wall pressure.Moreover,the air concentration near sidewall is simulated by a mixture model.It is found that the mixture turbulence model is superior to the VOF turbulence model.     

热熔挤出过程药物在聚己内酯中的分散形态及对药物释放行为的影响

以聚己内酯(PCL)为基体、2种难溶性药物布洛芬(BF)和双氯芬酸钠(DS)为模型药物,采用热熔挤出(HME)技术制备了2种载药体系;通过差示扫描量热法、X射线衍射和扫描电镜等表征了药物在PCL基体中的分散形态,探讨了药物分散形态对其释放行为的影响。结果表明,低熔点的药物BF以无定形态均匀分散于PCL中;而高熔点的药物DS仍以结晶形态分散于PCL中(药物颗粒直径约0.5μm)。在原药溶解度相差不大的情况下,由于在挤出过程2种药物的分散形态不同,挤出产物中BF的释放速率明显快于DS。     

一类不确定非线性系统的鲁棒自适应控制

针对一类具有一般不确定性和未知参数的非线性系统,设计出一种适用于输出跟踪 的鲁棒自适应控制器.该控制器对系统的参数和状态的不确定性具有鲁棒性,能保证闭环系 统的全局稳定性,并解决了ε-跟踪问题.仿真实例表明,所设计的鲁棒自适应控制器具有良好 的跟踪性能.     

Composites of Nano-hydroxyapatite and Poly（ε-caprolactone） Composite Fibers by Electrospinning

用水热法合成的棒状纳米羟基磷灰石（nHA）,引发ε-己内酯（ε-CL）开环聚合得到nHA-PCL复合材料。用静电纺丝法分别制备了聚己内酯（PCL）、nHA/PCL共混材料和nHA-PCL复合材料的3种电纺纤维膜。通过FT-IR、DSC、SEM、TGA和拉伸试验机表征了样品的结构、热性能和力学性能。结果表明：nHA-PCL电纺膜的结晶性能优于nHA/PCL材料,且热稳定性和力学性能都优于其他两种膜,nHA-PCL电纺膜的完全分解温度为420°C,拉伸强度和断裂伸长率分别达到28.2MPa和55.6%。3种膜的纤维直径均小于500 nm,nHA-PCL电纺膜的纤维表面比较粗糙。在人体仿生液中诱导矿化4 d后,nHA-PCL电纺膜纤维表面出现磷灰石沉积,而纯PCL和共混nHA/PCL电纺膜的纤维表面沉积的磷灰石很少,nHA-PCL复合电纺膜具有较好的诱导成骨性能。     

Approximate optimal control with εerror bound

近似动态规划方法求解非线性系统最优控制,需要迭代无限步才能得到最优控制律．本文提出了一种ε-近似最优控制算法,选择ε误差限,通过自适应迭代不断逼近哈密顿-雅可比-贝尔曼（HJB）方程的解,应用神经网络实现在有限步迭代后得到带ε误差限的近似最优控制律．计算机仿真结果表明了该算法的有效性．     

Partially crystalline epoxy networks with superior mechanical and adhesion properties

The mechanical and adhesion behavior of cationically polymerized, partially crystalline epoxy networks is presented. For this, a reactive and a nonreactive poly(?-caprolactone) (PCL) were used as the crystalline component for the formation of copolymers and polymer alloys, respectively. The trade-off between toughness on the one hand and glass transition temperature and mechanical strength on the other can be reduced by the presence of nanostructures in combination with small crystalline domains (相似文献   

The aggregation behavior and structure of blends of κ-carrageenan and ε-polylysine hydrochloride

Polypeptides play a key role in improving food quality, and understanding their interactions with polysaccharides would be beneficial to developing new foods. Herein, κ-carrageenan (KC) and ε-polylysine hydrochloride (PLH) were chosen as the model polysaccharide and polypeptide, respectively, to study polysaccharide/polypeptide complexes. The KC/PLH solutions were characterized for turbidity as a function of mass ratio, pH, salts and stirred conditions at 0.5 and 1 mg mL^–1 concentrations. The solutions at a KC/PLH mass ratio of 7:3 have the highest turbidity, and the turbidity is stable in acidic conditions, decreases with increase in pH in alkaline conditions and salt concentration, and increases with increase of stirred time and temperature. The Fourier transform infrared spectra suggest that the amide I band of PLH disappears along with a change in the amide II band upon complexing with KC. These changes further influence the microstructure and reveal a rough, non-uniform and large irregular cavity network structure. Indeed, these observations are intimately associated with the dynamic interactions persistent at the molecular level between the KC and PLH. © 2021 Society of Industrial Chemistry.     

The effect of dense polymer brush on the microfibrillated cellulose for the mechanical properties of poly(ε-caprolactone) biocomposites

Two different cellulosic fibers [pristine microfibrillated celluloses (MFCs) and 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propionic acid-modified MFCs (bis-MPA-modified MFCs)] were grafted by poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) molecules through the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) method. The PCL-grafted MFCs were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and elemental analysis. The results showed that the grafting of PCL on the bis-MPA-modified MFCs was more efficient than that of the pristine MFCs due to the higher density of the activated hydroxyl groups on the bis-MPA-modified MFCs. Furthermore, the numerous PCL chains bound to the bis-MPA-modified MFCs (PCL-g-mMFC) demonstrated the stronger interfacial adhesion between the modified MFC fibers and the PCL matrix, as well as the greatly improved dispersion of the modified MFCs in the PCL matrix of the PCL/cellulose biocomposites.     

一类多氟负介电液晶单体的合成及性能研究

为了满足液晶母体在各种情况下的参数要求,合成了6种新型的具有2个或2个以上的2,3-二氟苯基的有较大负介电各向异性的化合物。以2,3-二氟丙基苯或2,3-二氟苯乙醚为原料,通过一系列反应合成了目标液晶单体。经过核磁共振、元素分析和质谱等方法确定了分子结构;利用示差扫描量热仪、阿贝折射仪和电容电抗测试仪等测试手段对其进行测定。实验表明,这类多氟化合物有着较大的光学各向异性(Δn=0.22~0.33)和较大负值的介电各向异性(Δε=-7.63~-12.02)。该类型的多氟化合物可以用于液晶母体的调配并且改善其部分性能。这类多氟化合物原料易得、收率较高(总收率50%),极易实现工业量产。