离子交换树脂的电再生机理研究

为探究无膜电去离子(MFEDI)的再生机理,采用不同树脂组合进行电再生研究。通过测定各组树脂的再生电压、再生液电导率、pH等参数,对阴阳离子电迁移路径和系统内水解离情况进行了分析。结果表明,阳离子几乎不通过弱酸树脂进行电迁移;阴离子主要在强碱树脂间迁移;水解离主要发生在弱酸树脂与强碱树脂之间,为2种树脂的再生提供82.4%以上的H~+和OH~-。     

稻草强化生物膜浮床脱除工业尾水中氮素及COD的效果

工业污水处理厂排放的尾水中总氮含量偏高,容易引起地表水体的富营养化。为了提高尾水中总氮的去除效率,通过模拟稳定塘静态和动态试验,对比了不同稻草添加量(0,0.18,0.54 g/L)强化生物膜浮床脱除工业尾水中总氮(TN)的效果。静态试验结果表明:随着稻草量的增加,TN的去除率显著提高;10 d后,添加0(CK)、0.18 g/L(T1)和0.54 g/L(T2)稻草的尾水中,TN去除率分别为18%,40%,93%。动态试验结果显示,水力停留时间(HRT)为 4 d时,CK、T1和T2的平均TN去除率分别为10%,22%,49%,且3种情况下的进出水COD浓度无显著差异。这主要是由于稻草通过缓慢释放碳源为生物膜中异养反硝化细菌提供可利用的有机物。研究成果可为工业尾水深度处理脱氮技术提供参考。     

增材制造技术粉床的数值模拟与分析

选择性激光烧结等增材制造工艺中粉床特性对成型工艺有重要影响。针对颗粒粒径分布类型和层厚等对粉床特性有影响的问题,通过分析增材制造技术中粉床填充过程,提出了一种基于离散元法的增材制造粉床的数值模拟分析方法,分析论述了不同粒径分布和不同层厚对粉床填充性能的影响。结果表明：单一粒径粉床和粒径高斯分布粉床的填充密度和平均配位系数均随着层厚的增大而增大,最后趋于稳定;单一粒径粉床和粒径高斯分布粉床的填充密度和平均配位系数在层厚为80μm和400μm时均大致相等,在其它层厚时,粒径高斯分布粉床的填充密度高于单一粒径粉床的填充密度,且差值随着层厚的增大先增大后减小;单一粒径粉床的平均配位系数高于粒径高斯分布粉床的平均配位系数,且差值随着层厚的增大先增大后减小。这些研究结果可为增材制造粉床颗粒粒径分布类型和层厚选取提供参考依据。     

照片数量对SfM动床河工模型地形三维重构的影响研究

SfM是摄影测量领域近年来飞速发展的三维场景重构技术,目前已在地貌勘测、文物勘察、冰川演化、岩石勘探、土壤侵蚀等研究领域开展了大量尝试和应用,而在河工模型方面的应用研究尚处于起步阶段。本文开展了输入照片数量对SfM法动床河工模型地形三维数字高程地形(DEM)重构精度影响研究,采用4个不同视角对河工模型动床冲淤地形进行拍摄,选取不同数量照片作为输入开展SfM法三维地形DEM重构,然后将每组DEM重构结果与传统测针法测量进行对比。结果表明,当照片数量较少时,增加照片数量可改善SfM重构精度,但当照片数量较多时,虽可为SfM提供更多的床面变化图像信息,但同时带来由于特征点成像变化而引起的误匹配现象,反而可能导致SfM重构精度下降。鉴于不同动床模型的模型沙和光照等外部条件不同,实际应用时须针对不同模型的特点进行深入对比和分析,选取合理的照片张数开展SfM法动床冲淤地形测量。     

双组分颗粒振动体系中的能量传递与耗散

为研究颗粒床层中的能量传递及耗散规律,基于离散元(DEM)法模拟一维垂直振动床内组分颗粒的受激运动,得到单组分和双组分颗粒的能量分布规律.结果表明:不同振动参数(振幅和频率)下颗粒体系的能量传递与耗散规律存在明显的差别,高频振动下颗粒体系的动能和耗散随着床层高度的增加而减小,低频振动下则呈现与之相反的变化趋势;对于双组分颗粒混合物床层,系统的总动能受振动参数和床内颗粒分布形式的影响;低频率低振幅时,"反巴西果"分布的床层总动能更低,高频率条件下的"巴西果"分布时床层总动能更低.     

生态组合技术净化分散式污水的研究

将人工浮床与生物接触氧化工艺有机组合,形成了以水生植物和微生物生态系统为主体的组合生态一体化工艺,考察了其对分散式污水的处理效果。研究表明,组合一体化装置在进水氨氮、总氮和COD平均进水质量浓度为25．18、31．68和172．56 mg／L的情况下,出水氨氮、总氮和COD质量浓度分别为4．47、15．74和35．73mg／L ,出水水质稳定。结果表明该组合工艺可有效处理分散式污水。     

Leaching Stability of Simulated Waste Forms for Immobilizing An3＋ by Gd2Zr2O7 with Nd3＋

In order to investigate the anti-leaching capability of pyrochlore Gd2Zr2O7 immobilized An3+, trivalent neodymium was used as the simulacrums for radioactive wastes with trivalence, Gd2-xNdxZr2O7(0.0x 2.0) series samples were successfully synthesized by high temperature solid reaction and using Gd2O3, Zr O2 powders as starting materials. The experiments of long-term chemical stability were conducted in synthetic seawater at 40 and 70 ℃. The XRD diffractive data and extraction ratio of as-received samples were collected with the help of X-ray diffraction(XRD) instrument and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICPMass). The results indicate that the phases of as-received compounds keep the single phase of pyrochlore. The extraction ratio of Gd3+, Zr4+ and Nd3+ in waste forms is increasing with the increase of immersion time in synthetic seawater. The extraction ratio of waste forms at 70 ℃ is higher than at 40 ℃. The highest extraction ratio of Gd3+, Zr4+ and Nd3+ after 42 days is near 0.025 8, 0.003 8 and 0.045 2 μg·m L-1, respectively.     

Risk reduction in Sechahun iron ore deposit by geological boundary modification using multiple indicator Kriging

Uncertainty on the geological contacts and the block volumes of the models along boundaries is often a major part of the global uncertainty of reserve estimation.This work introduces a geostatistical technique that has been developed and tested in an iron ore deposit at Bafq mining district,in central Iran,and that,based on a probability criterion,helps to objectively model the geometry of this iron ore deposit.The main problem in reserve estimation of this ore body is its geometrical modeling and uncertainty in geological boundaries.This work deals with the geostatistical method of multiple indicator kriging,which is used to determine the real boundaries of ore body in different categories.This approach has potential to improve project performance and decrease operational risk.For this purpose,the ore body is separated into two categories including rich iron zone （w（Fe）〉45%） and poor iron zone （20%〈w（Fe）〈45%）.It significantly benefits to decrease the risk of reserve evaluation in the deposit.This case study also highlights the value of multiple indicator kriging as a tool for estimates the position of grade boundaries within the deposit.Comparison of the resultant probability maps with the real ore/waste contacts on the extracted levels shows that the first indicator model could separate the whole ore body （poor plus rich） from the waste zone by probability of more than 0.35,which concludes the total reserve of 53 million tons.The second indicator model applied to separate the rich and poor domains and the results show that the blocks with the estimated probability of equal to or more than 0.4 lay within the rich ore zone consisting of 15.8 million tons reserve.     

ABS装置凝聚尾气系统改造与效果实施

大庆石化公司化工三厂ABS装置在扩能改造后凝聚尾气中杂质含量增高,为了解决这一难题,装置引进了一套尾气处理系统。文中详细阐述了废气治理的工作原理、工艺流程、具体操作步骤以及实施效果。