N06600合金焊接要点及通过ASTM G28-A法试验技术措施

以ATR氧气加热器制造为例,介绍N06600耐腐蚀性能和焊接技术要点以及制造该设备所需要的焊接工艺评定,进而讨论N06600合金焊接通过ASTM G28-A法晶间腐蚀试验所采取的措施及注意事项。     

ZY6400/12.5/28型液压支架焊接工艺探析

从焊接材料的选用,焊前预热、焊接过程和焊后热处理的控制几个方面,着重介绍了ZY6400/12.5/28型液压支架的焊接工艺。     

基于FCMISVM的自适应软测量建模算法及其在PX吸附分离过程中的应用

To overcome the problem that soft sensor models cannot be updated with the process changes, a soft sensor modeling algorithm based on hybrid fuzzy c-means (FCM) algorithm and incremental support vector machines (ISVM) is proposed. This hybrid algorithm FCMISVM includes three parts: samples clustering based on FCM algorithm, learning algorithm based on ISVM, and heuristic sample displacement method. In the training process, the training samples are first clustered by the FCM algorithm, and then by training each clustering with the SVM algorithm, a sub-model is built to each clustering. In the predicting process, when an incremental sample that represents new operation information is introduced in the model, the fuzzy membership function of the sample to each clustering is first computed by the FCM algorithm. Then, a corresponding SVM sub-model of the clustering with the largest fuzzy membership function is used to predict and perform incremental learning so the model can be updated on-line. An old sample chosen by heuristic sample displacement method is then discarded from the sub-model to control the size of the working set. The proposed method is applied to predict the p-xylene (PX) purity in the adsorption separation process. Simulation results indicate that the proposed method actually increases the model’s adaptive abilities to various operation conditions and improves its generalization capability.     

Senescent CD4+CD28− T Lymphocytes as a Potential Driver of Th17/Treg Imbalance and Alveolar Bone Resorption during Periodontitis

Senescent cells express a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) with a pro-inflammatory bias, which contributes to the chronicity of inflammation. During chronic inflammatory diseases, infiltrating CD4⁺ T lymphocytes can undergo cellular senescence and arrest the surface expression of CD28, have a response biased towards T-helper type-17 (Th17) of immunity, and show a remarkable ability to induce osteoclastogenesis. As a cellular counterpart, T regulatory lymphocytes (Tregs) can also undergo cellular senescence, and CD28⁻ Tregs are able to express an SASP secretome, thus severely altering their immunosuppressive capacities. During periodontitis, the persistent microbial challenge and chronic inflammation favor the induction of cellular senescence. Therefore, senescence of Th17 and Treg lymphocytes could contribute to Th17/Treg imbalance and favor the tooth-supporting alveolar bone loss characteristic of the disease. In the present review, we describe the concept of cellular senescence; particularly, the one produced during chronic inflammation and persistent microbial antigen challenge. In addition, we detail the different markers used to identify senescent cells, proposing those specific to senescent T lymphocytes that can be used for periodontal research purposes. Finally, we discuss the existing literature that allows us to suggest the potential pathogenic role of senescent CD4⁺CD28⁻ T lymphocytes in periodontitis.     

CD8+ T Cell Senescence: Lights and Shadows in Viral Infections,Autoimmune Disorders and Cancer

CD8⁺ T lymphocytes are a heterogeneous class of cells that play a crucial role in the adaptive immune response against pathogens and cancer. During their lifetime, they acquire cytotoxic functions to ensure the clearance of infected or transformed cells and, in addition, they turn into memory lymphocytes, thus providing a long-term protection. During ageing, the thymic involution causes a reduction of circulating T cells and an enrichment of memory cells, partially explaining the lowering of the response towards novel antigens with implications in vaccine efficacy. Moreover, the persistent stimulation by several antigens throughout life favors the switching of CD8⁺ T cells towards a senescent phenotype contributing to a low-grade inflammation that is a major component of several ageing-related diseases. In genetically predisposed young people, an immunological stress caused by viral infections (e.g., HIV, CMV, SARS-CoV-2), autoimmune disorders or tumor microenvironment (TME) could mimic the ageing status with the consequent acceleration of T cell senescence. This, in turn, exacerbates the inflamed conditions with dramatic effects on the clinical progression of the disease. A better characterization of the phenotype as well as the functions of senescent CD8⁺ T cells can be pivotal to prevent age-related diseases, to improve vaccine strategies and, possibly, immunotherapies in autoimmune diseases and cancer.     

枯草芽孢杆菌GXA-28发酵生产γ-聚谷氨酸动力学研究

对耐热高产菌株枯草芽孢杆菌GXA-28分批发酵生产γ-聚谷氨酸的动力学特征进行了研究,基于菌体生长特性,结合Logistic方程和Luedeking-Piret方程,提出了菌体生长、产物合成、葡萄糖消耗以及谷氨酸钠消耗的动力学模型。应用Origin8.5对数据进行分析处理,得到了Bacillis subtilis GXA-28分批发酵合成γ-聚谷氨酸相应的动力学参数。将模型预测值和实验值进行比较,结果表明,模型基本反映了枯草芽孢杆菌GXA-28分批发酵过程中的动力学特征。     

基于ENC28J60的中央空调节能控制器以太网接口设计

针对中央空调系统的特点,开发了基于ARM的中央空调节能控制器。重点阐述了节能控制器的以太网接口设计,包括物理层的以太网独立控制器ENC28 J60的外围硬件电路设计,驱动程序设计及上层通信协议的设计。网络层、传输层采用嵌入式TCP/IP协议栈,应用层采用Modbus协议。     

正火预处理对高速犁用28MnB5钢组织及力学性能的影响

为解决现有国产高速犁入土部件存在强韧性不足的问题,研究了正火-淬火-回火(N-Q-T)工艺对28MnB5钢微观组织与力学性能的影响机制,并与现有淬火-回火(Q-T)工艺生产的高速犁入土部件进行了对比。结果表明,N-Q-T态和Q-T态28MnB5钢的组织均以板条马氏体为主,N-Q-T态的马氏体板条平均宽度(0.9μm)显著低于Q-T态(1.5μm),且N-Q-T态的强度和韧性均显著高于Q-T态。基于Hall-Petch关系进一步分析可知,板条马氏体细化是导致N-Q-T态28MnB5钢强度提升的主要原因。同时,N-Q-T态28MnB5钢的板条马氏体细化也导致其大角度晶界占比(34.9%)显著高于Q-T态(25.1%),有助于产生更多的残留奥氏体来抑制裂纹的扩展,从而间接地提高韧性。     

应用模糊综合评价方法评价断层封闭性--以胜坨油田坨28断块为例

分析了影响断层封闭性的7种主要因素,综合考虑这些因素对断层封闭性贡献的大小,采用模糊数学方法对断层封闭性进行定量评价,建立了断层封闭性模糊综合评价数学模型。运用该模型对坨28断块内7条断层在沙二段的封闭程度进行了评价,评价结果与注水开发效果吻合较好,证明该方法可信。     

Safety Evaluation and Anti-Inflammatory Efficacy of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei PS23

Lacticaseibacillus paracasei strain PS23 (PS23) exhibits some probiotic properties. In this study, a genomic analysis of PS23 revealed no genes related to virulence or antibiotic resistance. Moreover, ornithine decarboxylase activity was not detected in vitro. In addition, PS23 was sensitive to the tested antibiotics. Genotoxicity tests for PS23 including the Ames test and chromosomal aberrations in vitro using Chinese hamster ovary cells and micronuclei in immature erythrocytes of ICR mice were all negative. Moreover, following a 28-day study involving repeated oral dose toxicity tests (40, 400, and 4000 mg/kg equal 1.28 × 10¹⁰, 1.28 × 10¹¹, and 1.28 × 10¹² CFU/kg body weight, respectively) using an ICR mouse model, no adverse effects were observed from any doses. In addition, supplementation with live or heat-killed PS23 ameliorates DSS-induced colonic inflammation in mice. Our findings suggest that PS23 is safe and has anti-inflammatory effects and may therefore have therapeutic implications.