高分辨率光频域反射计的发展和应用

光频域反射计(OFDR)是一种高分辨率测量仪器,其动态范围大,可应用于各种范围的测量.目前,在国外,OFDR技术已被广泛应用于各个领域,而国内关于这方面的研究和文章还不多.本文介绍了OFDR的基本原理和关键技术.同时,介绍了OFDR在国外的应用和发展现状.     

TUBULAR CONCRETIONS IN NEW ZEALAND PETROLIFEROUS BASINS: LIPID BIOMARKER EVIDENCE FOR MINERALISATION AROUND PROPOSED MIOCENE HYDROCARBON SEEP CONDUITS

Trapped organic compounds (lipids) have been analysed in tubular carbonate concretions and their host sediments in Miocene deep water mudrocks from coastal outcrops in East Coast Basin and Taranaki Basin of North Island, New Zealand. The concretions, including calcitic, dolomitic and mixed mineralogies, have varied morphologies in many cases suggestive of conduits or pipes that channelled the escape of subsurface fluids and/or hydrocarbon gases. The extracted lipids include water column and/or diagenetically-derived alkanes, fatty acids and alcohols as well as specific marker compounds (including archaeal pentamethylicosane (PMI) and archaeol) associated with subsurface anaerobic oxidation of upwardly seeping methane gas (AOM). Strong carbon-13 isotopic depletions (δ¹³C –75 to –120‰) measured for PMI, archaeol and other AOM-specific marker compounds on three concretion samples support involvement of AOM in generating bicarbonate-rich fluid that was at least partly responsible for cementing the pipe-like concretions and central conduits. Other morphological types appear not to be AOM-related. Sterane and n-alkane parameters indicate low thermal maturity of the extracted organic matter. The molecular and compound specific isotopic organic geochemical evidence that some tubular concretions functioned as methane conduits thus supports an assertion that the tubular concretions represent ‘fossilised’ parts of the subsurface plumbing of biogenic or thermogenic hydrocarbon-fed cold seep systems.     

彩色合成中AOM设计分析

利用铌酸锂晶体为压电换能器,熔石英为声光互作用介质,研制出调制速度为32MHz、工作频率为180MHz、渡越时间为15ns、用于RGB彩色合成中的的声光调制器,文中主要讨论和分析了Q参数与调制器中心工作频率、换能器长度的关系;讨论了R参数对衍射光束形状的影响及与衍射效率的关系,还讨论并确定了换能器最佳尺寸,经测试,高速率声光调制器衍射效率为47％,并测试了调制速度。     

Interaction of ozone and organic matter in coagulation with inorganic polymer flocculant-PACl: Role of organic components

In this study, two model waters were used to evaluate the ozone effect on aquatic organic matter (AOM) removal by coagulation with inorganic polymer flocculant (IPF)-polyaluminum chloride (PACl). Flocs formation during coagulation processes were detected by using PDA (Photometric Dispersion Analyzer). Apparent molecular weight distribution (AMWD) and resin fractionation (RF) were also performed to characterize the change of AOM as a result of pre-ozonation. The experimental results show that the dosage of O₃, characteristics and composition of AOM are the most important factors on the behavior of coagulation. Great differences have been found between the two model waters. Coagulation in model water 1 (MW1) (composed of humic acids) is impaired markedly by pre-ozonation, as more DOC (Dissolved Organic Carbon) is produced with increasing O₃ dosage. Floc formation, as exhibited from decreasing of the slopes of FI (Flocculation Index), is retarded gradually during coagulation process. Although residual turbidity is reduced with 1.15 mg/L O₃, removals of DOC and UV₂₅₄ all decreased. As for model water 2 (MW2) (composed of salicylic acid), FI is retarded also, but turbidity and DOC removals of coagulation after pre-ozonation are improved to a certain extent. Coagulation performance judged from removal of DOC is improved distinctly by pre-ozonation. Fractionation results show that molecular weight of organic matter (OM) of MW1 is converted from higher to lower; and OM becomes from more hydrophobic to more hydrophilic, which might be one of the mechanisms involved in the impairment of ozonation on coagulation effect. OM in MW2 is oxidized and mineralized to a greater extent, thus its impairment on coagulation is released. Finally, according to water properties, some proposed applications were provided for application of ozone in water treatment process.     

基于声光调制的激光通信调制系统研究

通过对激光外调制不同方式的对比分析,重点研究了AOM(声光调制)器件的原理及控制方法,提出了三种可控调制方法,且在控制方面分别进行了对比验证。采用其中的TTL电平(典型值高电平3.5V,低电平0.2V)调控方法,将数字信号经FPGA(现场可编程门阵列)以2FSK(二进制移频键控)方式进行调制编码,调制信号通过AOM加载于激光上,激光通过自由空间传输,借助串口实现了通信速率为115.2kbit/s的数字通信,且该激光外调制通信系统高频载波达到了0.7MHz左右。     

LD抽运Nd∶YVO4/KTP激光光强高频调制技术

用声光调制的方法将激光二极管 (LD)抽运Nd∶YVO4 KTP激光进行光强调制 ,频率达 15MHz以上 ,衍射效率达 4 0 %～ 6 0 % ,满足了激光精密测量和新型激光彩色电视的技术要求 ,有很好的应用前景     

The Dual Role of Inflammation in Colon Carcinogenesis

Chronic inflammation characterizing patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) represents a major risk factor for the development of colorectal cancer. Mechanisms underlying this neoplastic transformation are not fully understood though studies in experimental models of colon carcinogenesis suggest that inflammatory cell-derived cytokines either directly or indirectly stimulate the uncontrolled growth of cancer cells. Nevertheless, under specific inflammatory conditions, immune cells can boost an anti-tumor immune response with the down-stream effect of eliminating dysplastic and cancerous cells. This review outlines the beneficial and detrimental role of inflammation in colon carcinogenesis.     

基于FPGA的脉冲光纤激光器功率控制系统设计

对应用于激光打标中脉冲光纤激光器的控制系统进行了研究,根据其组成原理与工作原理,设计了以FPGA芯片为核心的控制系统。实现了在打标过程中对脉冲光纤激光器出光的时序控制、输出功率控制及声光调制器(AOM)驱动控制等功能。实验结果表明,该系统具有结构精简、集成度高、处理速度快,实现了对激光打标机的实时准确的控制。     

珠三坳陷湖相烃源岩的无定形有机质

普通透射光镜观察结果表明,珠三坳陷早第三纪文昌组和恩平组的湖相暗色泥岩中都含有丰富的无定形有机质。文昌组的无定形有机质中含有盘星藻碎屑,属淡水浮游植物质的无定形有机质。透射电镜揭示,思平组泥岩中被透射光镜确定为无定形有机质的微屑实为煤质体(陆源植屑)。因此,文昌组和思平组的有机质类型反映了完全不同的古湖泊学特征。文昌组的无定形有机质反映了古湖泊表层水的高生产力和湖底水体的贫氧环镜。思平组的陆源植屑堆积与保存是古湖泊退缩消亡期的产物。     

Rapid determination of oxidative stability of edible oils by FTIR spectroscopy using disposable IR cards

Disposable polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) polymer IR (PIR) cards were used as substrates to rapidly oxidize edible oils and simultaneously monitor the extent of oxidation by FTIR spectroscopy. Four edible oils were oxidized on PIR cards and in bulk at moderate temperature (58°C), and real-time oxidation plots were obtained by measuring changes in the IR hydroperoxide (ROOH) absorbance as a function of time. The relationship between the ROOH absorbance and PV was developed using a reference method to define absorbances corresponding to PV end points of 100 and 200 meq ROOH/kg for the oils oxidized in bulk and on cards, respectively. The real-time oxidation plots obtained for the oils oxidized in bulk and on cards were similar in appearance, but the oils on the cards reached the PV end point 20 times faster than the oils oxidized in bulk. The results indicate that the use of disposable PIR cards coupled with moderate heating and aeration provides a simple, practical, and rapid means for monitoring oxidation and determining the oxidative stability of edible oils at a normal storage temperature.