用于激光相控阵的阵列相位调制器研究

分析了相位调制器在激光相控阵中的重要性,提出了阵列相位调制器的设计思想.对退火质子交换(annealed proton-exchanged,APE)光波导折射率进行了理论分析,利用光束传输法仿真模拟了APE波导折射率分布和模场分布,优化设计了级联Y分支波导结构,实现了光功率的高均匀输出.基于铌酸锂晶体的电光效应,对影响半波电压的因素进行了分析,设计了长电极结构,理论上得到了低半波电压.基于退火质子交换工艺制作了阵列相位调制器,并对器件的光学特性和电学特性进行了实验测试,测得器件的插入损耗为6.83 dB,光功率输出均匀性为0.23 dB,4路半波电压分别为2.1、3.4、2.0、2.1 V.结果表明:该器件的制作有助于激光相控阵的集成化.     

Closed Cyclic DNA Machine for Sensitive Logic Operation and APE1 Detection

DNA self-assembly has been developed as a kind of robust signal amplification strategy, but most of reported assembly pathways are programmed to amplify signal in one direction. Herein, based on mutual-activated cascade cycle of hybridization chain reaction (HCR) and catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA), a closed cycle circuit (CCC) based DNA machine is developed for sensitive logic operation and molecular recognition. Benefiting from the synergistically accelerated signal amplification, the closed cyclic DNA machine enabled the logic computing with strong and significant output signals even at weak input signals. The typical logic operations such as OR, YES, AND, INHIBIT, NOR, and NAND gate, are conveniently and clearly executed with this DNA machine through rational design of the input and computing elements. Moreover, by integrating the target recognition module with the CCC module, the proposed DNA machine is further employed in the homogeneous detection of apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1). The precise recognition and exponential signal amplification facilitated the highly selective and sensitive detection of APE1 with limit of detection (LOD) of 7.8 × 10⁻⁵ U mL⁻¹. Besides, the normal cells and tumor cells are distinguished unambiguously by this method according to the detected concentration difference of cellular APE1, which indicates the robustness and practicability of this method.     

Association between preterm birth risk and polymorphism and expression of the DNA repair genes <i>OGG1</i> and <i>APE1</i> in Saudi women

Genomic instability and mutations caused by increases in oxidative stress during pregnancy can damage the fetoplacental unit and can upshot preterm birth. Oxidative damage to DNA may possibly be involved in etiology of preterm birth (PTB) which can be repaired by DNA repair gene. In the present study, we assessed the association of base excision repair gene family by analyzing the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms and genes expression in 8-oxoguanine glycosylase-1 (OGG1) and apurinic-apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) genes with risk of preterm birth in Saudi women. We analyzed genotypes of four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs1052133, rs293795, rs2072668 and rs2075747) in OGG1 gene and three SNPs (rs1130409, rs3136814, and rs3136817) in APE1 gene using TaqMan Genotyping assay kits in 50 pairs of preterm cases and individually matched controls. Also, gene expression level was explored by RT-PCR in 10 pairs of preterm placental tissues and individually matched normal placental tissues. Two OGG1 SNP, rs1052133 (OR=0.497; c2=1.11; p=0.292) and rs2072668 (OR=0.408; c2=1.90; p=0.167) and one APE1 SNP rs3136817 (OR=0.458; c2=0.40; p=0.527) showed nonsignificant protective effect against PTB development. The expression of both genes under study was found lower in the PTB patients. Genotype and allele frequencies of both gene SNPs did not show any association with the risk of preterm delivery in Saudi women (P˃0.05). However, synthesis and release of OGG1 and APE1 proteins decreased in preterm placental tissues compared to term delivery reflects the probability of being one of the mechanisms leading to preterm birth.     

质子交换铌酸锂波导的退火工艺

介绍了质子交换铌酸锂波导的制作工艺,比较分析了不同切向、不同退火温度、不同退火时间下铌酸锂波导的特性。     

Mach-Zehnder Type Annealed Proton Exchange Waveguide and Coplanar Waveguide Modulation Electrode LiNbO3 Intensity Modulator

The characteristics of a conventional LiNbO3 intensity modulator made up of a Mach-Zehnder （MZ） type annealed proton exchange（APE） waveguide and coplanar waveguide（CPW） modulation electrode are presented. The APE waveguide characteristics and their relations with process parameters are analyzed. At the same time, the electrical characteristics of modulation electrode, such as modulation voltage, microwave effective index associated with modulation bandwidth, characteristics impedance, are also investigated in detail.     

光纤陀螺用单Y 1.3 μm LiNbO3集成光学器件

用退火质子交换法制作了用于光纤陀螺的集分束器、相位调制器、偏振器为一体的LiNbO3集成光学器件 ,介绍了器件设计考虑 ,简述了器件的工作原理 ,并对其性能进行了分析     

质子交换铌酸锂波导MMI光功分器

利用三维非旁轴近似光束传输法对退火质子交换铌酸锂渐变折射率分布波导中的自镜像效应进行分析与模拟.在此基础上,利用退火质子交换技术在X切Y传铌酸锂衬底上进一步制作了1×8 MMI光功分器.测试表明器件实现了1路分成8路的光功分功能.     

Conformational Rearrangements Regulating the DNA Repair Protein APE1

Apurinic apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) is a key enzyme of the Base Excision Repair (BER) pathway, which primarily manages oxidative lesions of DNA. Once the damaged base is removed, APE1 recognises the resulting abasic site and cleaves the phosphodiester backbone to allow for the correction by subsequent enzymes of the BER machinery. In spite of a wealth of information on APE1 structure and activity, its regulation mechanism still remains to be understood. Human APE1 consists of a globular catalytic domain preceded by a flexible N-terminal extension, which might be involved in the interaction with DNA. Moreover, the binding of the nuclear chaperone nucleophosmin (NPM1) to this region has been reported to impact APE1 catalysis. To evaluate intra- and inter-molecular conformational rearrangements upon DNA binding, incision, and interaction with NPM1, we used Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET), a fluorescence spectroscopy technique sensitive to molecular distances. Our results suggest that the N-terminus approaches the DNA at the downstream side of the abasic site and enables the building of a predictive model of the full-length APE1/DNA complex. Furthermore, the spatial configuration of the N-terminal tail is sensitive to NPM1, which could be related to the regulation of APE1.     

放射性核素32P对人胰腺癌Patu-8988细胞株APE/Ref-1的诱导作用

为研究人胰腺癌细胞株在放射性核素32p胶体内照射时APE/Ref-1基因表达的变化,并试图揭示其在胰腺癌放疗抵抗中所起的作用,用不同剂量的放射性核素32p胶体加入人胰腺癌Patu-8988细胞株培养液中,形成最终放射性活度分别为:0、0.11、0.22、0.45、0.90MBq/mL等5个放射照射剂量组,共孵育24h.然后分别以RT-PCR及Western-blot方法测定作用后APE/Ref-1的mRNA及蛋白表达情况.32p胶体作用24 h后发现,Patu-8988的APE/Ref-1的mRNA及蛋白表达水平明显上升,并与32p胶体的放射照射剂量呈正相关.由此得出结论:APE/Ref-1在胰腺癌放射性核素32P胶体内照射时表达明显增强,可能与胰腺癌放疗抵抗的产生有关,并提示针对APE/Ref-1的靶向干预可能有助于提高胰腺癌的放疗敏感性.     

Performance analysis for V‐BLAST system using OSIC receiver in correlated channel

Vertical‐Bell Labs Layered Space–Time (V‐BLAST) system is an emerging spatial multiplexing scheme that can achieve high spectral efficiency. Ordered successive interference cancellation (OSIC) detection algorithm is suitable for V‐BLAST system because it can afford a reasonable trade‐off between complexity and performance. However, the correlation of a real‐world wireless channel may result in a substantial degradation of the OSIC performance. In this paper, the performance of OSIC under correlated fading is analyzed. We obtain the closed‐form expression of post‐processing signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) for each sub‐stream based on V‐BLAST architecture, and then derive the distribution of post‐processing SNR based on multivariate statistical theory. The upper bound of the average probability of error (APE) is derived by the nearest neighbor union bound theory. From the expression of APE for each sub‐stream, it is shown that the diversity gain at the ith processing step is (N ? M + i), where N and M are the number of receive and transmit antennas, respectively. Correlation can decrease the effective post‐processing SNR rather than the diversity gain, and the decreased amount of the effective post‐processing SNR is accurately measured by the corresponding diagonal element of the inverse of the transmit correlation matrix. The optimal ordering can improve the performance and this advantage vanishes gradually as the scattering angle decreases. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.