B4 C 含量对等离子喷涂 NiCoCrAlY / Al2 O3 -B4 C复合涂层力学性能的影响

目的提高等离子喷涂NiCoCrAlY/Al2O3复合涂层的摩擦性能。方法采用离心喷雾造粒、化学冶金包覆和固相合金化技术制备NiCoCrAlY/Al2O3和NiCoCrAlY/B4C复合粉体,通过等离子喷涂技术制备NiCoCrAlY/Al2O3-B4C复合涂层。对涂层的显微结构、结合强度和显微硬度进行表征,研究B4C含量对等离子喷涂NiCoCrAlY/Al2O3-B4C复合涂层力学性能的影响。结果 Al2O3和B4C颗粒包覆了致密的NiCoCrAlY合金层,包覆层厚约3~5μm。等离子喷涂NiCoCrAlY/Al2O3-B4C复合涂层呈典型的层状结构,涂层结构致密,各层间结合良好。随着B4C含量的增加,复合涂层的显微硬度逐渐增大,结合强度逐渐降低,当B4C质量分数达到30%时,涂层的显微硬度比未添加B4C时提高了1.4倍,结合强度比未添加B4C时降低了26%。涂层在拉伸试验中发生了典型的脆性断裂,断裂位置发生在涂层内部。结论向等离子喷涂NiCoCrAlY/Al2O3复合涂层中添加B4C,可显著提高涂层的显微硬度,但会使涂层的结合强度有一定程度降低。     

A Class of Adaptive Cyclostationary Beamforming Algorithms

One of the main benefits of the cyclostationary beamforming algorithms is their ability to extract signals from co-channel interference with only a knowledge of the cycle frequency. In this paper, we study the popular cyclostationary beamformers, and propose five new algorithms, namely, the adaptive cyclic adaptive beamforming (ACAB), adaptive cross-SCORE (ACS), constrained least-squares (CLS), adaptive phase-SCORE (APS), and maximal constrained autocorrelation (MCA) algorithms. All these algorithms are adaptive and have a computational complexity of O(n ²) complex multiplications, where n is the number of array elements. A comparative study of these algorithms is made based on numerical simulations. Each of these algorithms has specific application scenarios. The ACS and the APS algorithms are particularly suited for very adverse signal environments. The ACAB, MCA and cyclic adaptive beamforming (CAB, from the work of Wu and Wong) algorithms can provide good performance in the case of medium or weak interference, while the CLS algorithm is especially suitable for weak interference. The CAB algorithm is shown to be a special case of the least-square self-coherent restoral (LS-SCORE) algorithm. Some insights as to how one can assign carrier frequency and symbol rate during digital modulation are also suggested. The proposed adaptive algorithms are easy to implement, and thus are very promising for applications in wireless and mobile communications. This work was supported by the NSERC of Canada.     

基于GEANT4模拟分析不同能量质子在CMOS APS中的位移损伤研究

本文针对图像传感器在空间辐射环境中电学性能退化问题,采用蒙特卡罗方法基于互补金属氧化物半导体（CMOS）APS器件建立几何模型,开展不同能量质子与靶原子的相互作用过程研究。通过研究不同能量质子辐照下初级碰撞原子的能谱分布及平均位移损伤能量沉积随质子能量的变化,讨论不同能量质子及空间站轨道质子能谱下在CMOS APS器件中位移损伤的差异。计算结果表明：随着入射质子能量的增大,辐照产生的初级碰撞原子的最大能量及核反应产生的初级碰撞原子（PKA）对位移损伤能量沉积的贡献逐步增加;对于大于1 MeV的质子辐照,CMOS APS器件中位移损伤研究可忽略氧化层的影响;不同能量的质子和CREME96程序中空间站轨道质子能谱下器件中位移损伤能量沉积分布结果显示,35 MeV质子与该空间站轨道质子能谱在器件敏感区中产生的总位移损伤能量沉积相近。该工作对模拟空间站轨道质子辐照下电子器件暗电流增长研究中辐照实验的能量选择,提供了参考依据。     

黄芪活性成分的提取及其对淋巴细胞增殖的影响

研究了黄芪多糖(APS)、皂甙(AP)的提取工艺及其对淋巴细胞增殖的影响.通过单因素实验初步确定了APS,AP的提取工艺;淋巴细胞增殖实验表明,在12.5～100 μg/mL范围内,APS,AP均能促进ConA诱导的T淋巴细胞增殖,其中APS的增强作用显著.     

Hot corrosion behavior of NdYbZr2O7 exposed to V2O5 and Na2SO4 + V2O5 molten salts

In order to evaluate the application prospects of NdYbZr₂O₇ as a novel TBC material, NdYbZr₂O₇ ceramic was synthesized via a solid-state reaction sintering method, and its hot corrosion behavior exposed to V₂O₅ and Na₂SO₄ + V₂O₅ molten salts at 900 °C, 1000 °C, and 1100 °C was comparatively investigated. For the V₂O₅ salt, the primary corrosion products were granular (Nd,Yb)VO₄ as well as cube-like m-ZrO₂. The corrosion layer consisted of two distinct layers, one of which was Zr-rich layer and another was V-rich layer. In the case of Na₂SO₄ + V₂O₅, NaVO₃, as an intermediate product, played an important role in dissolving the NdYbZr₂O₇ ceramic. Herein, the (Nd,Yb)VO₄ exhibited a rod/plate-like morphology, which could be attributed to the synergistic effect of low driving force and low nucleation rate. Since the molten salt infiltration rate was superior to the pore filling rate throughout the hot corrosion, the thickness of corrosion layer increased with the rise of temperature. The hot corrosion mechanisms of NdYbZr₂O₇ ceramic in various molten salts were discussed based on the phase diagram, Lewis acid-base rule and chemical thermodynamics. On this basis, the NdYbZr₂O₇ coating was prepared by atmospheric plasma spray (APS) and it exhibits a higher corrosion resistance compared to YSZ coating.     

含W元素与含P元素铁基非晶合金涂层耐蚀性能的对比研究

本文采用两种Fe基非晶合金粉末,通过大气等离子喷涂工艺制备非晶涂层。其中一种含有10％P元素（编号Fe-P）,另一种含有10％W元素（编号Fe-W）,且二者其他化学成分相同。通过电化学工作站对涂层分别在酸、碱、盐腐蚀介质中的耐蚀性能进行了研究。研究表明,Fe-W与Fe-P涂层在1mol／LH2S04溶液中的耐蚀性能相当,而在10％NaOH溶液中Fe-W涂层的自腐蚀电位提高了135mV;在3．5％NaCl溶液中Fe-W涂层的自腐蚀电位提高了358mV,并且产生了耐氯离子腐蚀的钝化膜,耐腐蚀能力优于Fe-P涂层。     

基于正交试验的热障涂层性能变化规律研究

热障涂层广泛应用于燃气轮机、飞机发动机等装备上,其性能直接影响装备的使用寿命。本文采用大气等离子喷涂工艺,在GH4169高温合金表面依次制备NiCoCrAlY金属粘结层和ZrO_2-8%wtY_2O_3陶瓷层。采用扫描电镜和残余应力测试仪对样品的表面形貌、孔隙率以及表面的残余应力进行测试。通过正交试验研究喷涂工艺参数对热障陶瓷层厚度、孔隙率以及残余应力的影响,实验结果表明,对陶瓷层厚度的影响因素从大到小顺序依次为氢气流量,电流,氩气流量,喷涂距离;在相同的制备时间内,陶瓷层的厚度随着电流与氢气流量的增大而明显的增大;随着氩气流量与喷涂距离的增大,陶瓷层的厚度随之减小;对陶瓷层孔隙率的影响因素从大到小顺序依次为喷涂距离,氢气流量,电流,氩气流量。当氩气流量从30 slpm/min增加到40 slpm/min时,氢气流量从5slpm/min增加到10 slpm/min时,孔隙率随之增大;当氩气流量从40 slpm/min增加到50 slpm/min时,氢气流量从10 slpm/min增加到15 slpm/min时,孔隙率随之减小。当喷涂距离从5 mm增加到10 mm时,孔隙率随之减小,而当喷涂距离从10 mm增加到15 mm时,孔隙率急剧升高,而随着电流的增大,孔隙率减小。电流、氢气流量以及氩气流量对涂层残余应力造成很大影响,随着电流以及氢气流量的增大,氩气流量的减小,涂层表面的残余应力急剧上升。     

自启停控制系统在600 MW国产机组上的应用

针对目前引进型机组能很好地实现机组自启停控制系统（APS）,而国产机组实现APS存在一些技术难点的问题,介绍了湛江奥里油电厂APS的总体框架、设计范围及启动过程和停运过程的断点设置,并对APS设计和调试过程中的技术难点及解决方法进行了阐述,总结了APS在湛江奥里油电厂实现的重要意义。     

Application of USP Inlet Extensions to the TSI Impactor System 3306/3320 Using HFA 227 Based Solution Metered Dose Inhalers

ABSTRACT

The objective of this study was to further evaluate the need for a vertical inlet extension when testing solution metered dose inhalers using the TSI Model 3306 Impactor Inlet in conjunction with the TSI Model 3320 Aerodynamic Particle Sizer (APS). The configurations tested using the TSI system were compared to baseline measurements that were performed using the Andersen Mark II 8-stage cascade impactor (ACI). Seven pressurized solution metered dose inhalers were tested using varied concentrations of beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP), ethanol, and HFA 227 propellant. The inhalers were tested with the cascade impactor, and with the TSI system. The TSI system had three different configurations as the manufacturer provided (0 cm) or with inlet extensions of 20 and 40 cm. The extensions were located between the USP inlet and the Model 3306 Impactor Inlet. There were no practical differences between each system for the stem, actuator, or USP inlet. The fine particle mass (aerodynamic mass < 4.7 µm) was affected by extension length and correlated well with the ACI when an extension was present. APS particle size measurements were unaffected by the extension lengths and correlated well to particle size determined from the ACI analysis. It has been confirmed that an inlet extension may be necessary for the TSI system in order to give mass results that correlate to the ACI, especially for formulations having significant concentrations of low volatility excipients. Additionally, the results generated from this study were used to evaluate the product performance of HFA 227 based solution formulations that contain varying concentrations of ethanol as a cosolvent.     

APS喷涂Cr2O3涂层的工程化应用研究

从工程化应用的角度出发,研究了APS喷涂Cr2O3陶瓷涂层的工艺参数对涂层性能的影响.研究结果表明,粉末粒度分布、电弧电流和喷涂距离是影响涂层性能的关键因素,其他辅助条件,如抽风效果,也是获得良好结构涂层不可忽视的关键因素.所制备的性能稳定、均匀的耐磨涂层可满足激光雕刻的要求。