堆热法提取浮萍多糖

浮萍多糖具有免疫调节能力,是一种很有发展前景的药物原料.为了广泛开发利用浮萍资源,有效提取浮萍多糖,应用堆热法从浮萍中提取多糖,实验结果显示堆热法提取浮萍多糖的最佳工艺条件为浮萍堆热5 d,80℃浸提8 h后,4倍体积无水乙醇沉淀2次,浮萍多糖纯度和收率分别为32%和0.17%.     

麻疯树籽粕中毒蛋白的提取

研究了溶剂浸提法提取麻疯树籽饼粕中麻疯树毒蛋白时的各影响因素,考察了提取时间、提取温度、pH值、缓冲液浓度和无机盐浓度对麻疯树毒蛋白溶出的影响.结果表明:提取液pH值是影响麻疯树毒蛋白溶出的最重要因素,提取时间、缓冲液浓度及盐浓度对提取也有一定影响.通过正交试验获得最佳提取条件:提取时间3 h,提取温度25℃,提取液为浓度0.4 mol/L的NaCl溶液,pH=7.在此条件下得到的毒蛋白占去壳种仁的质量分数的0.39%.     

Effects of rosemary extracts and major constituents on lipid oxidation and soybean lipoxygenase activity

Rosemary (Rosemarinus officinalis L.) leaves were extracted with three different solvents, namely hexane, acetone and methanol. A reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography system in combination with a mass detector was used to quantitate the content of carnosol, carnosic acid and ursolic acid in the rosemary extracts. All rosemary extracts showed strong inhibitory effects on lipid oxidation and soybean lipoxygenase activity.     

Evaluation of the agronomic effectiveness of natural and partially acidulated phosphate rocks in several soils using32P isotopic dilution techniques

The agronomic effectiveness of two natural phosphate rocks (PRs) from North Carolina (USA) and Togo and their 50% partially acidulated products (PAPRs) was evaluated in two greenhouse experiments using³²P isotopic dilution techniques, namely L and A_L values.In the first experiment rye grass was grown in a soil from Ghana. While the proportion of P in the plant derived from the P fertilizer (Pdff) ranged on. the average from about 10% for the PRs up to 80% for the PAPRs, the P fertilizer recovery was less than 1% for a 60-day growth period. In the second experiment, average values of P in the maize plants derived from the PAPRs ranged from 35% to 75% in 3 different soils. Both PRs were ineffective with the exception of North Carolina PR in the Seibersdorf soil. The P fertilizer recovery was 0.25% for the North Carolina PR in this soil whereas the recovery values ranged from 1.2% to 1.6% for the PAPRs.Mean values of the relative fertilizer efficiency estimated from the L values of each soil were less than 1% for the PRs whereas the values for the PAPRs which were dependent on soil type ranged from 20% up to 45%. The coefficient of relative effect of partial acidulation, that was calculated from the ratio of A_L values for PR and PAPR in each soil indicated that partial acidulation increased the effectiveness of the natural PRs in all soils under study.This study showed that the use of³²P isotope dilution techniques allows an accurate measurement of the P availability from natural and modified PR products to crops. Another advantage is that quantitative comparison of the P sources under study, PRs and PAPRs in this case, can be made even in soils where there is no response to the applied P sources.     

基于无线传感网络技术在高压开关柜测温中的应用研究

无线传感网络是目前国内外研究的热点课题,并且在结构健康监测中具有广阔应用前景。为了简化传感器铺设的及布线的繁琐,采用Nordic2.4G无线通信技术,高压开关柜中高压侧采用多点组网的方式,即高压侧多路测温系统,对应低压侧一路接收系统。本文方案利用无线收发nRF24L01芯片设计传感节点电路,介绍了系统硬件组成与工作原理,较好实现了温度的实时远程监测。     

带有Lévy Flight机制的引力搜索算法

引力搜索算法（gravitational search algorithm,GSA）是模拟万有引力定律进行搜索的一种新颖的优化算法,已有研究表明GSA算法相比一些传统的优化算法拥有较好的收敛性能,但其缺乏有效的全局寻优机制,易于被局部极值吸引,从而陷入早熟收敛。因此提出了一种基于Lévy Flight和权值惯性递减的引力搜索算法QmuGSA,以加强算法的全局寻优能力。该算法通过Lévy Flight独特的不均匀随机游走的机制扩大粒子的搜索范围,增加种群多样性,从而更容易跳出局部最优点。通过4个标准测试函数对所提算法进行了仿真测试,结果表明所提算法能够有效克服基本引力搜索算法易早熟、收敛精度低等缺陷,具有较好的寻优精度和全局收敛性能,能够解决一些复杂函数的优化问题。     

Solid/liquid extraction and isolation by molecular distillation of hydroxytyrosol from Olea europaea L. leaves

Molecular distillation, or short‐path distillation (SPD), is particularly appropriate for processing of low‐volatility compounds, which are easily altered at high temperature. Olea europaea L. leaves constitute an olive tree by‐product very interesting for their natural antioxidants content. In this research, molecular distillation technology has been applied to obtain high‐value‐added compounds by the SPD fractionation of an olive tree leaf extract. The process consists of two stages: (a) ethanolic extraction of the olive leaves, followed by incorporation of the extract into glycerine and (b) molecular distillation of the glycerine enriched in olive leaf extract compounds (terpenic and phenolic compounds). Four molecular distillation tests under different conditions were carried out. Results showed that 80.9% 3,4‐dihydroxy‐phenylethanol (hydroxytyrosol) was recovered from the glycerine admixture under a pressure of 1.50–2.00 mbar, a temperature of 190 °C and a feed rate of 15 mL/min.     

一类核苷类似物关键中间体的合成

对一类核苷类似物的关键中间体———(4R,5R) 4 (N 甲基羟氨基) 5 [(叔丁基二苯基硅烷基)氧甲基] 3,4 二氢 2(5H) 呋喃酮的合成进行了研究。以L 抗坏血酸为原料,经Pd/C催化加氢和缩酮保护,生成5,6 O 异亚丙基 L 古洛糖酸 1,4 内酯,产率74 3%。该内酯经NaIO4氧化、Wittig反应、水解成环和柱色谱分离,得(R) (+) 5 羟甲基 2 (5H) 呋喃酮,产率43 0%。最后该呋喃酮再经硅烷保护和羟胺Michael加成,即得到目标化合物。这7步反应的总产率27 9%。     

基于窄带物联网的水务管网参数监测系统设计

近几年随着城市供水管道的日益复杂化,城市供水系统的监测变得难以管理。为了更好地监测城市供水系统的运行状态,借助窄带物联网(Narrow Band Internet of Things,NB-IoT)的低功耗优势,设计了一个基于NBIoT的水务管网参数监测系统。该系统以低功耗STM32L4芯片为控制核心,实现了供水管网实时数据的采集与NB-IoT数据的传输,水务管网的参数会被上传至服务器并通过浏览器显示。本文重点设计了现场数据采集设备的硬件电路,开发了NB-IoT的网络传输。测试表明,该监测系统实现了水务管网的数据远传和远程控制,具有一定的研究和开发价值。     

T C-1-HPV16 L1细胞模型与动物模型的建立与评价

为了解决人乳头瘤病毒16型L1蛋白(HPV16L1)为主要靶点的疫苗缺乏肿瘤模型细胞来验证疫苗的免疫效果的问题,构建了一个细胞模型并可以利用此细胞在实验动物体内形成肿瘤,用于以HPV16L1为主要靶点疫苗的验证实验。利用这个模型细胞或肿瘤模型可以在体内外检测疫苗的免疫学性质和保护功效。首先,利用聚合酶链式反应(polymerase chain reaction,PCR)的方法获得目标基因HPV16L1的基因序列并连接到载体质粒中,将质粒转染到细胞TC-1后在杀稻瘟菌素抗性压力筛选下获得稳定表达HPV16L1的细胞株。对TC-1和TC-1-HPV16L1两种细胞的生长增殖和成瘤特性进行比较发现,外源基因的加入对细胞特性没有影响。通过体外杀伤实验证实细胞TC-1-HPV16L1能够被HPV16L1靶点疫苗免疫过的小鼠脾淋巴细胞杀伤。实验动物被疫苗免疫后,进行攻瘤实验发现疫苗只对TC-1-HPV16L1组具有保护作用。综上,在本研究中成功地构建了可以检测HPV16L1疫苗的抑瘤效果的模型细胞TC-1-HPV16L1,为HPV疫苗的研究提供了一个模型细胞。