芦荟胶囊中的芦荟甙总含量的测定

芦荟中含有多种芦荟甙及其衍生物,在这些生物活性物质协同作用下,芦荟显示出泻热导积、凉肝通便、抗菌抗肿瘤、提高免疫力等保健功效。本文用分光光度法测定水解后的市售某芦荟胶囊中芦荟甙的总含量,并进行了回收率和精密度试验,结果较为满意。此方法可作为含芦荟保健品的质量鉴定的有效手段之一。     

国内外芦荟应用研究进展

神奇植物芦荟可广泛应用于医药,化妆品、化工冶金、食品、美容保健等领域,其功效十分显著,本文详细介绍了国内外的芦蔡应用研究进展,并就目前我国芦荟产业化过程中存在的问题进行了分析。     

Synthesis and magnetic properties of nano-sized Cu0.5Ni0.5Fe2O4 via citrate and aloe vera: A comparative study

In this report, Cu_0.5Ni_0.5Fe₂O₄ nanoparticles were synthesized by solgel using eco-friendly aloe vera extract and citric acid separately and their properties were discussed. Structural, Functional, morphological, magnetic properties of the samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). XRD exhibited the samples have single phase cubic spinel with average size of 46.4?nm and 35.45?nm. Two characteristics bands of ferrite were confirmed by FTIR. TEM indicated different morphology of the samples with some regularity. VSM data showed that higher coercivity for the sample prepared by aloe vera extract.     

复方芦荟口服液的毒理学安全性与通便功效研究

评价一种以低聚果糖、水苏糖、芦荟、黑木耳为原料的复方口服液的通便功效和毒理学安全性。依据《保健食品检验与评价技术规范(2003年版)》,进行小鼠小肠运动试验、首次排便时间和粪便粒数、粪便重量的测定试验、小鼠急性经口毒性试验、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌/哺乳动物微粒体酶试验(Salmonella Typhimurium/Mammals Microsomal Enzyme Test,Ames试验)、小鼠骨髓细胞微核试验、小鼠精子畸形试验、大鼠30 d灌胃毒性试验。试验各观测点及终末期大、小鼠体质量均无组间差异(P>0.05);与便秘模型对照组相比,样品各剂量组5 h内排便粒数均无显著性差异(P>0.05),首便时间均提前(P<0.05,P<0.01),1.0和3.0 ml/kg?BW剂量组墨汁推进率均提高(P<0.01),3.0 ml/kg?BW剂量组5 h内粪便重量增加(P<0.05);小鼠急性经口毒性最大耐受剂量(maximum tolerable dose,MTD)大于15.00 g/kg?BW;不论加S9与否,在最高剂量达5 μl/皿的条件下,样品各剂量组标准测试菌株TA97a、TA98、TA100和TA102回复突变数均未超过相应溶剂对照值的两倍;与溶剂对照相比,样品各剂量组小鼠微核细胞率、精子畸变率未见显著变化(P>0.05);样品各剂量组雌、雄大鼠均活动、生长正常,进食量、食物利用率以及肝、肾、脾、睾丸等脏器湿重与脏体比均无显著性差异(P>0.05);血液学及血生化指标检测值均在本实验室历史参考值范围内;10.0 ml/kg?BW剂量组雌、雄大鼠未发现与口服液明显有关的组织病理学改变。该口服液具有通便功效,未见其急性毒性、遗传毒性或亚急性经口毒性。     

芦荟炒制品中总黄酮提取工艺优化及抗氧化活性研究

目的：优化芦荟炒制品中总黄酮提取工艺,并探讨其抗氧化活性。方法：采用单因素试验和响应面法优化提取工艺,运用紫外分光光度法测定不同产地芦荟生品与炒制品中总黄酮含量,通过DPPH·、ABTS⁺·、·OH及FRAP法研究其抗氧化活性,并通过Pearson相关系数分析总黄酮得率与抗氧化活性的相关性。结果：芦荟炒制品中总黄酮的最佳提取工艺为浸泡时间3 h、超声时间15 min、乙醇体积分数60%、料液比1∶10 （g/mL）。炒制后,芦荟中总黄酮含量有所提高,8个产地芦荟生品与炒制品总黄酮对4种自由基均具有一定的清除作用,且与其浓度呈正相关,具有良好的抗氧化活性。相关性分析表明抗氧化能力与总黄酮得率均呈显著相关性。结论：优选的芦荟炒制品中总黄酮提取工艺合理可行,且具有较强的抗氧化活性。     

Evaluation of Aloe arborescens gel as new coating to maintain the organoleptic and functional properties of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa cv. Cadonga) fruits

Strawberries (Fragaria × ananassa cv. Cadonga) are highly perishable fruits with a storage life, which may be less than a week. In this study, Aloe arborescens gel was used as post-harvest treatment in order to maintain strawberry quality. Strawberries coated with edible A. arborescens gel were packaged in a polypropylene box and stored. Fruit titratable acidity, pH, soluble solid content, ascorbic acid, total phenols, total flavonoids, total anthocyanins and antioxidant activity evaluated by two different tests (DPPH and ABTS) were measured during 14 days of storage. Significant differences were found (P < 0.05) for the samples treated with A. arborescens compared to the control. During conservation, use of Aloe gel maintained lower values for total soluble solids, a higher concentration of total phenols and ascorbic acid, and a better antioxidant activity when compared to the control. The anthocyanin content remained largely unchanged throughout, in all compared samples.     

Nutritional and fertiliser values of Suaeda vera J. F. Gmelin

Suaeda vera J. F. Gmelin, a shrub that is a frequent halophyte in the upper, clayish zones of the Guadalquivir river marshes, is an interesting fodder plant for the local livestock during dry periods, especially as a N supplement. Ash, Na, P, K, Mn, Ca/P, K/Ca+Mg, neutral detergent fibre, cellulose, lignin, dry matter digestibility, organic and protein N, free amino acids, and reducing and total soluble sugars have been determined in the branches and leaves of Suaeda plants and compared with these constituents in other species from the marshes, including grasses and legumes. In spite of its high Na and ash contents, Suaeda shows an adequate composition for the nutrition of local livestock, even when the plant grows in a sandy area. However, after a long dry period, P and some microelements decline to low levels. Suaeda vera seems also to be a useful plant for incorporation into the soil, because of its relatively high N content even in plants taken from a sandy area.     

海水灌溉下库拉索芦荟产量及其理化指标变化

用大田试验方法,在海南非耕地用海洋滩涂对药用植物库拉索芦荟长期进行不同浓度海水灌溉实验,对比研究了不同配比的海、淡水灌溉下库拉索芦荟理化指标及生长的变化特征,分析了海水灌溉对库拉索芦荟的生长及其理化指标的影响,并筛选出合适的海、淡水混灌比例.结果表明:当海水浓度低于10%(体积分数,下同)时,芦荟植株的鲜重随着海水浓度的增加而提高;但当海水浓度高于50%后,芦荟植株鲜重则显著下降;库拉索芦荟植株的高度随海水浓度的升高显著下降,而凝胶汁和全叶汁的Mg2+含量则随海水浓度的升高显著增加;与CK相比,海水灌溉下芦荟样品中的水分含量和pH值、凝胶汁的相对密度和全叶汁的吸光度值无显著差异,而其全叶汁和凝胶汁中的Ca2+含量及25%和50%海水灌溉的芦荟全叶汁中多糖含量显著增加,所有海水灌溉的芦荟全叶汁中的芦荟素含量则大大降低.库拉索芦荟能耐受一定浓度的海水生长,当混灌水中海水占总水体积的0%~50%时最佳.     

Study of spray drying of the Aloe vera mucilage (Aloe vera barbadensis Miller) as a function of its rheological properties

Spray Drying (SD) was used to obtain Aloe vera powder from fresh plants. The powder was reconstituted in an aqueous medium and its rheological properties, particle size distribution (PSD), thermal properties (differential scanning calorimetry, DSC), and morphology (scanning electron microscopy, SEM) were evaluated in order to find an alternative to natural gum to be used in the food industry. Rheological measurements were conducted at 25 °C in aqueous concentrations of 3 g/100 mL and 6 g/100 mL. A 2³ factorial design was used with three central points to evaluate yield, efficiency and the rheological properties of reconstituted powders, results were compared with a liophilized (FD) sample of A. vera mucilage. Experimental results showed that the shear viscosity decreased with the increase of the inlet air temperature and the speed of atomization, and it increased with increasing feed flow in SD. Additionally, most powders obtained in all treatments have an average particle diameter of ∼10 μm with a modal distribution (PSD). The best conditions of SD in order to obtain a good thickening agent were: 150 °C inlet temperature, 1.5 L/h feed rate and atomization speed of 275,000 rpm, and with rheological properties very close to those of the FD sample.     

芦荟凝胶汁脱色工艺研究

研究了芦荟凝胶汁脱色工艺并优选其脱色条件。采用4因素 3水平正交设计法 ,以脱色率为指标 ,筛选影响芦荟凝胶汁的脱色工艺的因素。实验设计A、B因素对芦荟凝胶汁的脱色有显著的影响 ,芦荟凝胶汁的脱色条件是A1B3 C2 D1。(芦荟凝胶汁 :1:1、活性炭 :0 .5 %、脱色方式 :室温搅拌、脱色时间 :2 0min)