A New Formulation Based on Ozonated Sunflower Seed Oil: In Vitro Antibacterial and Safety Evaluation

The objective of this study was to investigate the potential in vitro biological properties of Oz.Or.Oil 30, a new formulation composed of 30% ozonated sunflower seed oil, which is believed to keep skin smooth and moisturized, supporting repair processes, tissue regeneration and re-epithelialization of wounds. The antibacterial activity, the qualitative and quantitative evaluation of the cytotoxic effect of the formulation on cultures of Vero cells and 3T3 fibroblasts showed that Oz.Or.Oil 30 merits further in vivo study using clinical-laboratory correlations, because it could be suggested as an alternative therapy against bacterial and fungal diseases.     

Preparation,Characterization, and Surface Functionality of Polyester Bioplastic-based Green Composites Containing Powdered Curcumin Products

The structural and thermal properties, antibacterial activity, and biocompatibility of composite materials containing polylactide and curcumin powder were evaluated. Glycidyl methacrylate-grafted polylactide and curcumin powder were used to enhance the desired characteristics of these composites. The water resistance of glycidyl methacrylate-grafted polylactide/curcumin powder composites was greater than that of the polylactide/curcumin powder composites. A biocompatibility evaluation with tail skin fibroblasts indicated that both materials were nontoxic for biomedical material applications. Moreover, curcumin powder enhanced the Escherichia coli(BCRC10239) andStaphylococcus aureus (BCRC107801) antibacterial activities of the membranes. Membranes of glycidyl methacrylate-grafted polylactide- or polylactide-containing curcumin powder had better antibacterial activity.     

Effects of Spray Drying Temperature and Additives on the Stability of Serine Alkaline Protease Powders

In this study, after production by recombinant Bacillus subtilis (BGSC-1A751), carrying pHV1431::subc gene in the complex medium and separation of solids from the fermentation broth, serine alkaline protease (SAP) was dried in order to investigate the stabilization during spray drying and subsequent storage. The effect of air inlet temperature of the spray dryer between T = 70 and 130°C and the effect of protective additives, glucose and maltodextrin, at 0–2% (w/v) on SAP activity during spray drying and storage stability of obtained SAP powders at 4°C for a long period (6 months) were evaluated. Increasing drying air inlet temperature generally resulted in an increase in activity loss; moreover, higher absorbance peaks observed at wave number 1061 cm^?1 of the IR spectrums when drying temperature is increased indicates the structural change in the SAP molecule. In most cases presence of additives provided higher activities both after drying and during storage period compared to no additive case. Drying the enzyme with 1% (w/v) glucose at T = 110°C resulted in the highest enzyme activity after drying and storage processes.     

Design, ‘one-pot’ synthesis,characterization, antibacterial and antifungal activities of novel 6-aryl-1,2,4,5-tetrazinan-3-thiones in dry media

A novel ‘one-pot’ synthesis of 6-aryl-1,2,4,5-tetrazinan-3-thiones is carried out by the three-component coupling of thiourea, various structurally diverse aromatic aldehydes and ammonium acetate in the presence of reusable NaHSO₄·SiO₂ heterogeneous catalyst in dry media under microwave irradiation. FT-IR, ¹H NMR, D₂O Exchange, HOMOCOR, ¹³C NMR, MS and elemental analysis characterize all the synthesized compounds. In vitro antibacterial/fungal activities are carried out for all the synthesized eight new compounds. All the compounds are more active against bacterial strains namely Staphylococcus aureus, β-Heamolytic streptococcus, Vibreo cholerae, Salmonella typhii, Shigella felxneri, Klebsiella pneumonia and Pseudomonas except compounds 1 and 6, while compound 6 shows promising activity against Salmonella typhii. Moreover, of all the compounds tested, compounds 3 and 8 are more effectual against all the tested fungal strains.     

Evaluation of antibacterial effects of contemporary orthodontic bonding materials

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial effects of five orthodontic bonding materials commonly used in orthodontics. Materials and Methods: The antibacterial effects of five orthodontic bonding materials were evaluated against Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus salivarius by direct contact test (DCT). Using the DCT technique, quintet specimens of Transbond XT, Blugloo, Grengloo, Light Bond, and Opal Bond were applied to the bottom and the walls of the five wells of a 96-microtiter plate with a height of 2 mm. Samples were prepared in two sets: 1-day samples and 7-day samples. Ten microliters of bacterial suspension were added to each well for direct contact with each material for 1h at 37 °C. Bacterial growth was then measured in a microplate spectrophotometer hourly at 600 nm for 24 h. Five uncoated wells with identical inoculum sizes served as positive controls. The data obtained at the end of 24 h was statistically analyzed with one-way ANOVA, and post hoc comparisons were done using Tamhane’s T2 test. Results: Blugloo generally showed better antibacterial activity than the other materials. Transbond XT did not show any antibacterial activity. There was a statistically significant difference between Transbond XT and Light Bond in the 1-day sample against S. mutans (p < 0.05). No statistically significant differences were found among the other groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Blugloo had the most potent antibacterial activity against S. salivarious.     

Polymer-Biologically Active Principle Conjugates Obtained by Esterification of Poly(Vinyl Alcohol)

The paper deals with the study of some polymer-biologically active principle systems characterized by the controlled release of the bioactive component by hydrolyze followed by diffusion. The systems were obtained by coupling the 2-mercapto-benzotiazolyl-acetic acid and N-(m-nitrobenzoyl)-L-methionine on poly(vinyl alcohol) by means of esteric bonds in the presence of diciclohexylcarbodiimide as an activator. The influence of some coupling process parameters on the reaction efficiency was studied, such as the drug/support and activator/support ratios. The coupling products with a maximum content of biologically active compound were characterized by spectral measurements, also as regards the capacity of bioactive compound release under the conditions simulating those within the gastro-intestinal tract. The antibacterial activity of the conjugates against Staphylococcus aureus, Eschrichia coli, Sarcina lutea, and Bacillus subtilis was determined.     

Preparation and Characterization of Antibacterial Ag2O-Coated HDPE Films Obtained by Vacuum Evaporation Technique

To obtain the antibacterial plastics films, the Ag₂O-coated HDPE films were prepared through vacuum evaporation technique via depositing Ag₂O on the substrate of high density polyethylene (HDPE) films pretreated by ion bombardment. The pretreatment made the surface polarity and roughness of the substrates improved. The coating was continuous and dense, being of about 17.2 nm thick, and the content of silver ions in it was 7.0020 µg/cm². The Ag₂O-coated HDPE films exhibited strong antibacterial activity for both gram-negative bacteria (E. coli) and gram-positive bacteria (S. aureus). However, the mechanical properties of the composite films slightly dropped in contrast with the HDPE films.     

Bimetallic Zn/Ag doped polyurethane spider net composite nanofibers: A novel multipurpose electrospun mat

The objective of this study was to develop a new class of bimetallic ZnO/Ag embedded polyurethane multi-functional nanocomposite by a straightforward approach. Bimetallic nanomaterials, composed of two unlike metal elements, are of greater interest than the monometallic materials because of their improved characteristics. In the present study the bimetallic composite was prepared using sol–gel via the facile electrospinning technique. The utilized sol–gel was composed of zinc oxide, silver and poly(urethane). The physicochemical properties of as-spun composite mats were determined by X-ray diffraction pattern, field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The antibacterial activity was tested using Escherichia coli as model organism. The antibacterial test showed that ZnO:Ag/polyurethane composite possesses superior antimicrobial activity than pristine PU and ZnO/PU hybrids. Furthermore, our results illustrate that the synergistic effect of ZnO and Ag resulted in the advanced antimicrobial action of bimetallic ZnO/Ag composite mat. The viability and proliferation properties of NIH 3T3 mouse fibroblast cells on the ZnO:Ag/polyurethane composite nanofibers were analyzed by in vitro cell compatibility test. Our results indicated the non-cytotoxic behavior of bimetallic ZnO:Ag/polyurethane nanofibers towards the fibroblast cell culture. In summary, novel ZnO:Ag/polyurethane composite nanofibers which possess large surface to volume ratio with excellent antimicrobial activity were fabricated. The unique combination of ZnO and Ag nanoparticles displayed potent bactericidal effect due to a synergism. Hence the electrospun bimetallic composite indicates the huge potential in water filtration, clinical and biomedical applications.     

也黄中活性成分的提取及抑菌实验研究

利用4种不同极性溶剂（石油醚、氯仿、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇）浸泡地黄,对地黄不同极性段成分进行提取,得到不同极性段成分的各种浸膏。通过硅胶柱层析对浸膏进行分离浓缩,用纸碟法研究其不同极性段成分的抗菌活性,实验结果表明,氯仿浸膏60％石油醚一40％氯仿洗脱液、20％石油醚一80％氯仿洗脱液,乙酸乙酯浸膏,正丁醇浸膏等对大肠杆菌、金色葡萄球菌、枯草杆菌等有较好的抑菌活性。     

Prediction of Vapor‐Liquid Equilibrium inside Capillary Porous Plates

Capillary distillation is a relatively new separation process which uses capillary porous media for the separation of mixtures. It utilizes the solid‐liquid interfacial forces to alter the vapor‐liquid equilibrium (VLE) of mixtures inside the capillary porous plates. Previous studies have shown that capillary porous plates could significantly alter the VLE of binary mixtures. It was shown that the main factors affecting the alteration of VLE of binary mixtures are the polarization of the liquids and the porous plates as well as the polarization difference between the mixture components. In this study, the VLE data for the mixtures inside capillary porous plates have been predicted using the Wilson model and the theory of Abu Al‐Rub and Datta on VLE inside capillary porous media. The validity of the developed model has been assessed by comparing predicted VLE results of some binary mixtures inside capillary porous plates with experimental VLE data. The comparison showed that the model developed could predict the VLE of the studied systems accurately.