Agri土壤调理剂用量对烟叶香气质量的影响

通过田间试验研究了Agri土壤调理剂不同用量(0,3.75,7.50,11.25,15.00 kg/hm2)对烟叶香味物质、感官质量和经济性状的影响。结果表明:随土壤调理剂用量的增加,烟叶美拉德反应产物、类胡萝卜素降解产物、芳香族氨基酸降解产物、总香味物质含量和香气质量提高,烟叶产量增加,烟叶产值、均价和上等烟比例先提高再降低。土壤调理剂用量11.25 kg/hm2时烟叶美拉德反应产物、类胡萝卜素降解产物、芳香族氨基酸降解产物、总香味物质含量、香气质量得分和产量较高,产值、均价和上等烟比例最高。     

Identification of chemical markers for the sensory shelf-life of saveloy

The aroma composition, the microbial composition and the sensory profile were measured in sliced saveloy samples packed in modified atmosphere (MA). The main objective was to identify aroma compounds with potential as chemical markers to identify the sensory changes of saveloy. The 60 aroma compounds isolated from the saveloy samples by dynamic headspace extraction and measured by Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) were used to model the sensory attributes sour&old odour and meaty odour using partial least squares regression (PLS). 2- and 3-methylbutanal, 2- and 3-methylbutanol, acetoin and diacetyl were found to have the highest impact on both sour&old odour and meaty odour of the samples. The results show that these four aroma compounds have high potential as chemical markers for the sensory shelf-life of sliced and MA-packed saveloy.     

黄花菜的保健功效及化学成分研究进展

黄花菜具有较高的营养价值,在中国传统中是药食两用的蔬菜。文中对近年来黄花菜的保健功效和化学成分的研究进行了综述,其保健功效主要包括抗氧化与抗癌、改善睡眠、杀虫、镇静、消炎、抗黄疸、抗抑郁等作用;化学成分主要为萜类、内酰胺类、蒽醌类、多酚类、精油、甾体皂苷、生物碱等;最后对其毒性进行了简要阐述。     

煤中难燃组分的研究进展

简要回顾了煤中难燃组分的研究现状及其最新进展,着重讨论了各种煤岩组分在热解过程中的不同表现,及其造成的煤焦形态差异和由此经起的不同型态煤焦的燃烧特性差别,进而主意述了煤中难燃组分的研究方法及其优缺点。     

雪里蕻腌菜风味物质的探析

本文分析了雪里蕻腌菜的风味物质,并着重探讨了雪里蕻腌菜的鲜味,香味及特征风味与它的风味物质组成、各种风味物质相对含量的关系。以期发现能显著影响其风味特性的关键成分。为配制雪里蕻腌菜的风味强化剂提供科学依据。同时也为其它蔬菜腌制品风味强化剂的配制提供参考。     

Investigation of the Aroma Profile of Green Tea Leaves Using Organic Synthesis and Conventional Analytical Techniques

Although many aroma components have been identified in green tea leaves, the aroma compounds contributing to green tea＇s characteristic odor have not yet been reported. The authors recently reported that aroma components with a matcha-like odor are present in both green tea and black tea prepared from the Sayamakaori tea cuttivar. This matcha-like odor is similar to the odor of commercial available matcha （high-quality powdered green tea）, and is a specific odor feature of green tea leaves. At present, the green-tea odor is thought to arise from the combination of a large number of constituents. Recent reports indicate that a complex interaction between olfactory receptors and odorants is important for the evaluation of the odors. Taking into consideration these findings, the authors investigated the aroma profile of green tea, focusing on the characteristic molecular structures of the constituents that give matcha-like odor. Using a combination of organic synthesis and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry plus gas chromatography-olfactometry, the authors identified aroma components with matcha-like odors in five other tea cultivars. This investigation also revealed that several compounds with a formyl group were important constituents of the aroma of green tea leaves, although the odor of each constituent was not individually similar to the tea＇s overall aroma. The authors found for the first time a group of key components that have the matcha-like odor.     

保香低温速溶红茶粉的研发

为了解决速溶茶粉的滋味淡、香气低、冷溶性差等问题,该试验以红茶为原料,采用高压脉冲电场（Pulsed Electric Field,PEF）技术辅助提取和杀菌,并结合冷冻浓缩和真空冷冻干燥联合真空吸附干燥法生产速溶红茶粉,使得整个加工工艺都在低温状态下完成。试验结果表明,高压脉冲电场技术有助于提高红茶的提取率,冷冻浓缩和高压脉冲电场杀菌能够有效保持茶汤的色、香、味;真空冷冻干燥联合真空吸附干燥后所得的速溶红茶粉的得率为22.7%,且其冷溶性高,滋味鲜浓而醇厚,香气高而纯正,汤色红艳明亮,无沉淀。     

Impact of cover crops in vineyard on the aroma compounds of Vitis vinifera L. cv Cabernet Sauvignon wine

This study compared the influence of different cover crops with clean tillage on wine aroma compounds of 5-year-old Cabernet Sauvignon vines. White clover, alfalfa, and tall fescue were used in the vineyard and compared with clean tillage. Aroma compounds of wine were analysed by solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (SPME-GC/MS). Forty-seven volatile compounds were identified and quantified. Wines made from grapes grown with various cover crops had higher levels of aroma compounds. Ethyl acetate, isoamyl acetate, ethyl octanoate, ethyl hexanoate, phenylethyl acetate, isoamyl alcohol, linalool, citronellol, β-damascenone, α-ionone, and 5-amyl-dihydro-2(3H)-furan were the impact odorants of sample wines. Wines from cover crop also had higher contents of these impact odorants than the control. For different cover crops, alfalfa sward yielded the highest levels, followed by the tall fescue treatment. According to the data analysis of aroma compounds and sensory assess, permanent cover crop may have the potential to improve wine quality.     

花香绿茶的香气成分分析

本研究分析了四个品种花香绿茶的香气成分,并和乌龙茶作对比。研究发现,晒青和摊放工序是形成花香绿茶特征香气及香型的关键。经GC和GC/MS分析鉴定,构成花香绿茶的主要香气成分为芳樟醇及其氧化物、水杨酸甲酯、香叶醇、己酸-顺-3-乙己烯酯、丁香烯、-法呢烯、橙花叔醇、茉莉酮酸甲酯、6,10,14-三甲基十五烷酮及邻苯二甲酸二丁酯等。花香绿茶的香型由各香气成分的组成、含量及其各自阈值决定。