铝诱导晶化真空蒸镀多晶硅薄膜的研究

采用真空蒸镀的方法在玻璃衬底上沉积1层非晶硅薄膜,再通过铝诱导晶化的方法制备出晶粒分布较均匀、晶粒尺寸0.5～5μm、晶化率达到89%的多晶硅薄膜。研究了衬底距离、衬底温度、退火温度对薄膜表面形貌、晶粒尺寸和分布及晶化率的影响。结果表明适中的衬底距离下得到的薄膜晶粒分布均匀,表面平整度好,薄膜厚度较大。薄膜的晶化率随着衬底温度和退火温度的提高而增大;随着退火温度的进一步提高,薄膜的晶化率达到最大值然后降低。     

聚合物/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的制备与结晶性能

本文综述了制备聚合物 /蒙脱土纳米复合材料的插层方法 ,并对有代表性的结晶性聚合物 /蒙脱土纳米复合材料的结晶性能进行了讨论。蒙脱土的加入对聚合物的结晶有两种作用 ,一方面是对聚合物有异相成核的作用 ,可以提高聚合物的结晶温度和结晶速率 ,降低结晶活化能 ;另一方面是对聚合物结晶生长有阻碍作用 ,导致结晶速率下降 ,结晶活化能提高     

Cold crystallization of poly(ethylene naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylate) by simultaneous measurements of X-ray scattering and dielectric spectroscopy

The isothermal cold crystallization of poly(ethylene naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylate) was investigated by simultaneous small and wide angle X-ray scattering and dielectric spectroscopy (DS). By this experimental approach, simultaneously collected information was obtained about the specific changes occurring in both crystalline and amorphous phases during crystallization, namely about the chain ordering through wide angle X-ray scattering, about the lamellar crystals arrangement by means of small angle X-ray scattering, and about the amorphous phase evolution by means of DS. The results indicate that average mobility of the amorphous phase suffers a discontinuous decrease upon passing from the primary to the secondary crystallization regime. We interpret these results assuming that the restriction to the mobility of the amorphous phase occurs mainly in the amorphous regions between the lamellar stacks and not in the amorphous regions within the lamellar stacks.     

柴油低温流动改进剂的分子结构与降滤性能的关系研究

利用定量构效关系(QSAR)研究方法,从反映柴油结晶过程能量变化的参数中,筛选出其中对低温流动改进剂(CFI)降滤性能影响最关键的能量参数E_(inter-CFI)和E_(ads-C18(111)),并构建了描述E_(inter-CFI)、E_(ads-C18(111))与CFI降滤性能关系的方程。用同样方法筛选了对E_(inter-CFI)和E_(ads-C18(111))影响最关键的CFI分子结构特征参数,并分别构建了CFI分子结构特征参数与E_(inter-CFI)和E_(ads-C18(111))的关系方程。通过对方程的分析,详细阐述了E_(inter-CFI)和E_(ads-C18(111))影响降滤性能的内在机制,并详述了CFI分子的关键结构因素对柴油中蜡晶的生长形貌可能产生的影响,以及这些影响与降滤性能之间的关系。     

Use of Ponkan mandarin peels as biosorbent for toxic metals uptake from aqueous solutions

Waste Ponkan mandarin (Citrus reticulata) peel was used as biosorbent to extract Ni(II), Co(II) and Cu(II) from aqueous solutions at room temperature. To achieve the best adsorption conditions the influence of pH and contact time were investigated. The isotherms of adsorption were fitted to the Langmuir equation. Based on the capacity of adsorption of the natural biosorbent to interact with the metallic ions, the following results were obtained 1.92, 1.37 and 1.31 mmol g(-1) for Ni(II), Co(II) and Cu(II), respectively, reflecting a maximum adsorption order of Ni(II)>Co(II)>Cu(II). The quick adsorption process reached the equilibrium before 5, 10 and 15 min for Ni(II), Co(II) and Cu(II), respectively, with maximum adsorptions at pH 4.8. In order to evaluate the Ponkan mandarin peel a biosorbent in dynamic system, a glass column was fulfilled with 1.00 g of this natural adsorbent, and it was fed with 5.00 x 10(-4)mol l(-1) of Ni(II) or Co(II) or Cu(II) at pH 4.8 and 3.5 ml min(-1). The lower breakpoints (BP(1)) were attained at concentrations of effluent of the column attained the maximum limit allowed of these elements in waters (>0.1 mg l(-1)) which were: 110, 100 and 130 bed volumes (V(effluent)/V(adsorbent)), for Ni(II), Co(II) and Cu(II), respectively. The higher breakpoints (BP(2)) were attained when the complete saturation of the natural adsorbent occurred, and the values obtained were: 740, 540 and 520 bed volumes for Ni(II), Co(II) and Cu(II), respectively.     

ZMAS系无碱玻璃晶化特性的研究

通过X—射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜及X—射线电子能谱化学分析,对ZnO—MgO—Al_2O_3—SiO_2系无碱玻璃的晶化特性进行了研究,观察到三种晶化产物,同种晶体的形貌随生长条件的变化可能完全不同,对此进行了较为详尽的讨论。     

钻孔灌注桩首批混凝土灌注量之实用计算

为避免钻孔灌注桩因首批混凝土灌注量不足而导致水或泥浆进入导管，影响灌注桩的质量，按《公路桥涵施工技术规范》中公式计算的首批混凝土灌注量应乘以扩孔系数。     

Influence of oxygen content on the crystallinity of MgO layers in magnetic tunnel junctions

With RF sputtering process, Si/Si02/Ta/Ru/Ta/CoFeB/MgO/CoFeB/Ta/Ru structure has been grown on Si （100） substrate. Attempting different targets and adjusting the oxygen dose, the crystallization quality of the MgO layer is studied. The X-ray diffraction measurements demonstrate that crystal structure and crystallization quality of MgO layers are related to the type of target and concentration of oxygen in sputtering process. With the method sputtering Mg in an ambient flow of oxygen, not only the crystallization quality of a normal MgO layer with lattice constant of 0.421 nm is improved, but also a new MgO crystal with lattice constant of 0.812 nm is formed and the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy of CoFeB is enhanced. Also it is found that crystallization quality for both the normal MgO and new MgO is more improved with MgO target and same oxygen dose, which means that this new method is helpful to form a new structure of MgO annealed at 400 ℃ in vacuum. with lattice constant of 0.812 nm. All of the samples were     

不同熔融混炼条件下PET的降解行为和结晶行为

采用不同预处理条件对聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）切片进行熔融混炼,考察了不同熔融混炼条件下PET的降解行为和结晶行为。结果表明,不同条件的熔融混炼过程均导致PET降解,而降解速率和样品含水率密切相关;PET的降解不仅导致其结晶速率提高,也将导致其球晶晶片厚度增加和结晶度增大;PET的结晶峰值温度（Tcp）、结晶起始温度（Tonset）和结晶结束温度（Tendset）与其特性黏度\[η\]之间存在相关关系,表现为\[η\]越小,Tcp越高,结晶速率越快。     

原位红外光谱法研究PTT的结晶与构象关系

通过分析PTT的红外光谱随温度变化的情况,研究了PTT在等速升温过程中的结晶行为和分子链 构象的转变。发现随着温度上升,显示结晶的谱带略有增强,分子链中丙二醇单元的构象发生了转变:中间 的两个碳碳键由反式构象向旁式构象转变,同时两边的两个碳氧键由旁式构象转变为反式构象。