Pulsating Jet Impingement Heat Transfer Enhancement

This article presents results from a numerical study of pulsating jet impingement heat transfer. The motivation is to seek conditions offering a significant enhancement compared to steady flow impingement drying. The CFD software package FLUENT was used for simulating slot-type pulsating jet impingement flows with confinement. The parameter study included velocity amplitude ratio, mean jet velocity, and pulsation frequency. The distance from nozzle exit to surface was three times the hydraulic diameter of the nozzle. The Reynolds number based on the nozzle hydraulic diameter and jet temperature was 2,460 with a mean jet velocity of 30 m/s, which is the base case of the numerical experiments. Results showed that time-averaged surface heat transfer increased with increasing velocity amplitude for the same mean jet velocity. Large velocity amplitudes helped enhance heat transfer by two mechanisms: high jet velocity during the positive cycle and strong recirculating flows during the negative cycle. For the cases with different mean jet velocities but the same maximum velocity, time-averaged surface heat flux decreased with decreasing mean jet velocity. As for the effects of pulsation frequency, with high-velocity amplitude ratio, time-averaged surface heat fluxes were at the same level regardless of frequency. However, at low-velocity amplitude ratio, high frequency caused stronger recirculating flows resulting in greater heat transfer compared to the cases with a lower frequency.     

网格生成方法在APFSDS及弹托干扰流场计算中的应用

介绍APFSDS及弹托干扰流场数值模拟中的网格生成方法及其应用。利用等比数列网格生成技术，三维弧长生成技术以及拼接技术生成计算网格。该方法具有简明、快捷的特点。在临近物面的地方具有较好的贴体性和正交性。在计算脱壳穿甲弹和弹托之间的干扰时，将弹托简化为带圆弧的楔形块，计算结果比较令人满意。     

Engineering Model of a Nonisobaric Heavily Laden Gas‐Particle Jet

An axisymmetrical model of a rapid nonisobaric heavily laden gas‐particle jet is developed. The model is based on the general functions for both axial and radial pressure distributions, which were discovered by a numerical study of rapid gas‐particle jets by the CFD code. The model equations were solved analytically. The results obtained by the model developed are in good agreement with those computed by the CFD code for a wide range of flow parameters.     

蒸发式冷凝器管束中强制对流空气CFD模拟

运用FLUENT软件对圆管、椭圆管及交变曲面波纹管管束中强制对流空气热力过程进行了模拟,模拟数据经过Tecplot.10处理后直观地表征了3种管型管束中空气的速度场、压力场及温度场。结果表明,交变曲面波纹管在提高流体湍动程度及强化传热温差方面优于其它两种管型。     

面向高端装备制造CAE技术的机遇和挑战

针对高端装备制造在设计、分析、制造、服役和维护等全过程中对CAE的需求,从结构、流体以及流固耦合等3个方面概述CAE技术国内外进展及其面临的机遇和挑战,指出在发展具有能够对装备在极端服役环境下准确的结构、流体和流固耦合CAE分析技术的基础之上,需不断突破面向工程应用的多物理场耦合、跨尺度分析、多学科综合设计、产品性能评估和集成等关键技术,使CAE逐步向支持现代设计和全寿命周期管理转变.     

Simulation Method of Dynamic Characteristics of Turbine Flow Sensor

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation is one of the important methods to study the performance and in-fluencing factors of turbine flow sensors. According to the working characteristics of the turbine flow sensor, the passive simulation method based on the six degrees of freedom (6-DOF) model and dynamic mesh is proposed in this paper. The reliability of the simulation method is verified by steady-state experiments and unsteady-state experiments. The results show that the trend of meter factor with flow rate acquired from the simulation is close to the experimental results, and the deviation between the simulation result and the experiment result is low with a maximum deviation of 2.88%. In the unsteady simulation study, the impeller speed changes with the inlet velocity of the turbine flow sensor, which has a good follow-up. The passive simulation method can be used to predict the dynamic performance of the turbine flow sensor.     

多风道煤粉燃烧器拢焰罩的长度对窑内煤粉燃烧状况影响的研究

本文运用计算流体力学（CFD）技术，以大型流体工程计算软件CFX4．3为工具，模拟研究了喷煤燃烧器的扰焰罩长度对回转窑内煤粉燃烧过程规律的影响，结果表明，一定长度的扰焰罩有利于加强燃烧器出口附近的湍流混合和煤粉燃烧。     

Experimental and computational study of gas–solid fluidized bed hydrodynamics

The hydrodynamics of a two-dimensional gas–solid fluidized bed reactor were studied experimentally and computationally. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation results from a commercial CFD software package, Fluent, were compared to those obtained by experiments conducted in a fluidized bed containing spherical glass beads of 250– in diameter. A multifluid Eulerian model incorporating the kinetic theory for solid particles was applied in order to simulate the gas–solid flow. Momentum exchange coefficients were calculated using the Syamlal–O’Brien, Gidaspow, and Wen–Yu drag functions. The solid-phase kinetic energy fluctuation was characterized by varying the restitution coefficient values from 0.9 to 0.99. The modeling predictions compared reasonably well with experimental bed expansion ratio measurements and qualitative gas–solid flow patterns. Pressure drops predicted by the simulations were in relatively close agreement with experimental measurements at superficial gas velocities higher than the minimum fluidization velocity, U_mf. Furthermore, the predicted instantaneous and time-average local voidage profiles showed similarities with the experimental results. Further experimental and modeling efforts are required in a comparable time and space resolutions for the validation of CFD models for fluidized bed reactors.     

NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF THE GAS-PARTICLE FLOW IN RISERS I: THE MACRO FLOW BEHAVIOR

The steady gas-particle flow in risers under variant operating conditions was predicted based on a k-ε-k_p-ε_p-Θ two-fluid model, which describes the dense turbulent gas-particle flow by the Eulerian method, considering the turbulence of both gas and particles as well as the particles' collisional effects. Much information on the macro flow behavior in risers, such as the profiles of local particle axial velocity, solids volume fraction, and solids mass flux in different operating regimes was obtained, and the predicted results show satisfactory agreement with experimental data. Further analysis of the predictions gives the comprehension of flow characteristics on the macro scale.     

多孔介质电渗流动计算流体力学模拟与实验研究（Ⅱ）电渗流动与传质特性

采用流体动力学方法模拟多孔介质内的电渗流动行为，探讨了电场强度、多孔介质的孔隙率等对填充床层中电渗流场、宏观电渗流动及传质特性的影响，并以羟基磷灰石电色谱、采用DEAE Sepharose Fast Flow为介质的离子交换电色谱及Blue Sepharose Fast Flow为介质的亲和电色谱分离过程为例将理论计算结果与实验结果进行了对比，二者吻合较好，证实了上述理论研究的正确性并显示出此方法在发展新型固-液电动分离技术中的应用前景.