Inactivation behaviors of foodborne microorganisms in multi-frequency power ultrasound-treated orange juice

This study established the inactivation kinetic parameters of some pathogenic bacteria including Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella enterica serotypes, and Listeria monocytogenes; and spoilage yeasts namely, Debaryomyces hansenii, Clavispora lusitaniae, Torulaspora delbrueckii, Pichia fermentans, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae in orange juice subjected to multi-frequency Dynashock power ultrasound treatment. All test organisms exhibited a biphasic inactivation behavior with a sigmoidal inactivation curve consisted of an initial inactivation lag, followed by logarithmic linear inactivation. Injury accumulation in the inactivation lag phase was established in acid-adapted bacteria. The time necessary to reduce initial inoculated populations by 5 log cycles (99.999%), T_5D values, significantly increased with acid adaptation. The T_5D of E. coli, S. enterica, and L. monocytogenes increased from 37.64, 36.87, and 34.59 respectively; to 54.72, 40.38, and 37.83 min respectively after acid exposure. Temperature increase due to sensible heat propagation during ultrasound treatment decreased the resistance of the test bacteria. The cocktail of E. coli O157:H7 had significantly greater resistance towards ultrasound treatment (T_5D = 54.72 min) than any of the individual strain (T_5D = 41.48–47.48 min) in the mix. Similar results were found in the composited (T_5D = 60.02 min) and individual species (T_5D = 20.31–59.04 min). The results established in this work provide baseline information on microbial behavior in multi-frequency ultrasound-treated orange juice for establishment of pasteurization process schedules.     

加工过程中夏橙汁香气成分的SPME-GC-MS分析

采用固相微萃取- 气相色谱- 质谱法对伏令夏橙汁加工过程中5 个关键点样品的主要香气成分进行分析,共鉴定出50 种香气成分,主要为柠檬烯(84.79%～86.92%)、β- 月桂烯(3.87%～5.83%)、α- 蒎烯(1.03%～2.05%)、芳樟醇(0.02%～1.72%)、葵醛(0.15%～0.28%)、辛醛(0.03%～0.52%)和丁酸乙酯(0.12%～0.44%)等。加工过程对夏橙汁香气成分种类和含量有重要影响,5 个样品香气成分种类分别为38 种、36 种、31 种、30 种和20 种。精滤后烃类相对含量增加2.01%,醇类物质下降2.00%;脱气后烃类下降0.95%,醇类下降0.15%;灭菌后香气成分与脱气后相近;浓缩还原对香气影响最大,烃类和醇类比精滤后橙汁分别降低3.85%、1.16%。     

The application of high hydrostatic pressure for the stabilization of functional foods: Pomegranate juice

The paper aims at investigating the potential application of non-thermal innovative technologies, such as high hydrostatic pressure, for the sanitization of functional liquid foodstuffs. A 100% pomegranate juice was selected for the experiments, due to its high bioactive compounds content. The operating pressure, temperature and holding times at the pressure set point were changed over a wide range, with the aim of optimizing the processing condition in order to assure the microbiological stability of the processed juice as well as preserve the natural content of the functional compounds. The experiments clearly demonstrate that the high pressure treatment at room temperature improves the quality of pomegranate juice, increasing the intensity of red color of the fresh juice and preserving the content of natural anthocyanins. The residual activity of some enzymes at the end of high pressure processing, independently on the processing conditions, such as the polyphenoloxidase (PPO), causes the degradation of the nutraceutical compounds as observed in particular processing conditions, thus suggesting that the optimal combination of the processing parameters should take into account the degradation of the anthocyanins as well as the enzymatic activity.     

Comparison of total antioxidant capacity and phenolic composition of some apple juices with combined HPLC–CUPRAC assay

It was aimed in this study to identify and quantify various constituents (particularly phenolics) of apple juice and to quantitatively compare the total antioxidant capacities of juices obtained from apple varieties grown in Turkey.     

鱼类腐败菌腐败能力测定方法

通过分析比较接种腐败菌的大黄鱼无菌鱼块和灭菌鱼汁,在贮藏中感官、挥发性盐基氮(total volatile base nitrogen,TVBN)、三甲胺(trimethylamine,TMA)和腐败菌的变化,以及腐败菌生长动力学参数和腐败代谢产物的产量因子(YTVBN/CFU 和YTMA/CFU),探讨无菌鱼块和灭菌鱼汁两种腐败能力的测定方法。结果表明：接种腐败希瓦氏菌的无菌鱼块和灭菌鱼汁的货架期分别为162h 和132h,此时的TVBN 含量分别为32.16mg/100g 和29.64mg/100mL,TMA含量为9.31mg/100g 和0.99mg/100mL,腐败希瓦氏菌菌数为8.67 lg(CFU/g)和8.56 lg(CFU/mL),产量因子YTVBN/CFU为2.58 × 10-10mg TVBN/CFU 和1.98 × 10-10mL TVBN/CFU,产量因子YTMA/CFU 为2.12 × 10-10mg TMA/CFU 和1.27× 10-11mL TMA/CFU。TMA 作为接种鱼汁的理化指标是不可靠的,而TVBN 可以作为接种鱼汁的理化指标。接种腐败希瓦氏菌的无菌鱼块和灭菌鱼汁产量因子YTVBN/CFU 的相对误差为23.64%,因此灭菌鱼汁作为腐败菌腐败能力测定方法具有一定的可靠性。     

基于电子鼻分析夏橙汁在贮藏过程中香气的变化

目的:研究了夏橙汁在不同贮藏温度和不同贮藏时间情况下橙汁的香气的变化情况。方法:电子鼻采集到夏橙汁的香气成分,并得到电子鼻传感器的响应值。利用PCA与DFA分析方法鉴别出夏橙汁在贮藏过程中香气的变化,以及在不同贮藏温度香气变化。结果:DFA的区分效果优于PCA的区分效果;在-18℃与4℃的低温贮藏条件下,橙汁的香气变化幅度较小,25℃贮藏的条件下香气成分的损失较多,并且三种贮藏温度下,第一、二周香气的响应值变化显著,第三、四周香气的响应值变化小,响应值接近。      

Effervescent-assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction based on the solidification of floating organic droplets for the determination of fungicides in vinegar and juice

ABSTRACT

A method of effervescent-assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction based on the solidification of a floating organic droplet is reported. This approach was used to measure the fungicides myclobutanil, tebuconazole and epoxiconazole in vinegar and juice. Acidic vinegar and juice reacted with the carbonate to produce effervescence in situ, which then promoted contact of the sample with the extraction solvent. The 1-dodecanol extraction solvent helped solidify the floating organic droplets and could be fully dispersed by effervescence. The extraction solvent, salt, carbonate, and extraction time were optimised. The optimal conditions were 200 μL of 1-dodecanol, 100 mg of sodium chloride, 50 mg of sodium bicarbonate, and 30 s of extraction time. The proposed method has good linearity between 10 and 1000 ng mL^?1. Recoveries were between 70.4% and 103.1% in different vinegar and juice samples. This method was successfully used to measure fungicides in vinegar and juice. This system is simple, fast and environmentally friendly.     

二甲基二碳酸盐联合动态超高压对模拟果汁的杀菌效果研究

本文研究了二甲基二碳酸盐（DMDC）联合动态超高压对模拟果汁中三种挑战污染菌（大肠杆菌、酿酒酵母、肠膜状明串珠菌）的杀菌效果。结果表明：单独动态超高压对三种挑战污染菌的杀菌效果随着压力增大而显著增强（p〈0.05）,其中在相同处理压力下,对大肠杆菌的杀菌最好,但即使在100 MPa的压力处理下,大肠杆菌也仅下降1.2个对数;向含挑战污染菌的模拟果汁（25 ℃）中添加250 mg/L的DMDC 2 h后,大肠杆菌和酿酒酵母均被完全杀灭,而肠膜状明串珠菌对DMDC具有很强的耐受性,仅下降了1.7个对数,且继续延长DMDC的处理时间,其数量下降也不再明显;当DMDC（250 mg/L）与动态超高压联合处理时,它们对模拟果汁中的肠膜状明串珠菌的杀菌作用具有明显的协同增效效果（p〈0.05）。另外,DMDC与动态超高压先后处理次序对肠膜状明串珠菌的杀菌效果也有影响。     

枸杞原汁常温保鲜技术的研究

目的 探讨枸杞原汁生产工艺与常温保鲜技术.方法 按照国标方法测定枸杞营养成分,研究了去籽、去皮、果汁分离、护色、杀菌等工艺条件对枸杞原汁质量的影响.结果 加入0.2%的维生素C和柠檬酸混合添加剂,在高温长时杀菌(80～85℃/20 min).结论 采用此保鲜方法使产品色泽正常,有天然的光泽,保质期长.     

果胶酶和硅藻土联合澄清荔枝果汁的研究

研究了果胶酶和硅藻土联合澄清荔枝果汁的作用和效果。在单因素分析的基础上,通过正交试验优化得到澄清工艺的最佳条件为：果胶酶用量为5mg/L、pH5、澄清时间5.5h、温度50℃、硅藻土用量4g/L。在此最佳工艺条件下,荔树果汁的澄清效果和贮存稳定性均良好。