氧化羟丙基淀粉浆料性能研究

探讨氧化羟丙基淀粉浆料性能。利用氧化和羟丙基化复合变性制备了氧化羟丙基淀粉浆料,测试了黏度、取代度及pH值等因素对氧化羟丙基淀粉浆料及浆纱性能的影响。结果表明:氧化羟丙基淀粉浆料具有高浓低黏浆料特性,其黏度热稳定性和成膜性良好;在一定范围内,随着氧化剂用量的增加,黏度逐渐下降,浆膜断裂强度和断裂伸长率降低,耐磨性增加;随着取代度的增加,浆液黏度热稳定性提高,浆膜断裂强度和断裂伸长率都增加,水溶速度加快,浆液黏附力增大;取代度达到0.3的氧化羟丙基淀粉表现出良好的浆膜性能、黏附性能及对纯棉纱良好的浆纱效果。认为:取代度为0.3的氧化羟丙基淀粉具有较好的上浆性能。     

醋酸酯淀粉浆料粘附性能的研究

采用浸浆粗纱法研究醋酸酯淀粉浆料的粘附性能，以粗纱条的最大强力和断裂功为量化指标定量研究了淀粉品种、变性程度以及混合浆组分与其粘附性能的对应关系。试验表明，醋酸酯化变性能够改善淀粉对纤维的粘附性能；在变性程度相同时，醋酸酯马铃薯淀粉的粘附性能最好，醋酸酯玉米淀粉次之，醋酸酯木薯淀粉最差；用取代度为0．019的醋酸酯玉米淀粉与PVA-1799混配，在粘附性能方面能够达到玉米原淀粉与PVA-1788混用的效果。     

国外新型梳棉机的性能特点及发展趋势

探讨国外新型梳棉机的性能特点及发展趋势。以TC11型、C70型、MK7D型梳棉机为例,对新型梳棉机的性能进行了分析,总结了新型梳棉机的性能特点、优质高产的技术措施以及新型梳棉机技术发展趋势。认为:列举的梳棉机性能基本代表了当前新型梳棉机技术发展的新特点。通过加宽工作机幅、增加梳理弧长、增加刺辊和固定盖板等梳理部件数量、提高梳理机件速度、加强清洁排杂等技术措施,以增强梳棉机的梳理能力、提高梳棉机的单产水平是新型梳棉机发展的主要趋势。     

车用发动机聚类元素的选取及磨损部位识别

以某型特种车为研究对象,在判定其发动机存在异常磨损的基础上,通过实例阐述了基于模糊聚类分析方法和灰色关联分析理论的发动机磨损部位识别方法。选取不同聚类元素的发射光谱原始数据进行磨损部位识别,结论表明,聚类元素的选取直接影响模糊聚类结果,并对磨损部位识别的最终结果产生影响。为提高故障部位识别的准确度,在聚类分析中应剔除零部件中不存在的及工作环境影响较大的元素,并依据发动机材料元素构造合理的磨损部位标准模式。     

Effect of sonication on thermolysin hydrolysis of ovotransferrin

The effect of sonication on proteolytic hydrolysis of ovotransferrin and bioactivities of the hydrolysates were investigated, and the large peptide fragments left in the hydrolysate were characterised. The results showed that sonication could increase the reactive sulphydryl groups in 5% ovotransferrin solution by 50%, although there were no improvements in the overall degree of hydrolysis. Furthermore, SDS–PAGE and reverse-phase HPLC profiles did not show difference of the treated samples. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity, but not antioxidant activity, of the thermolysin hydrolysate was improved in a dose dependent manner at prolonged sonication time. Matrix assisted laser desorption ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS) analysis revealed that thermolysin hydrolysate was composed of 926 peptides, of 99% having masses lower than 10 kDa and of 1% larger than 10 kDa derived from both N- and C-lobes of ovotransferrin.     

Theoretical investigation on the polyaddition of A2 and CB2 monomers with non-equal reactivity

Taking account of the difference of reactivities between C and B group, the evolution of the monomers and the various structural units formed from the polyaddition of A₂ and CB₂ monomers was investigated by the kinetic mechanism. The calculated results theoretically explain the experimental data observed in our previous works very well, if the reactivity ratio of C to B groups is 200. The critical conversion of gelation for the A₂ + CB₂ type polymerization depends on the reactivity ratio. The lower the ratio, the earlier the gelation appears. Compared with the A₂ + B₃ type polymerization, the disappearance of gelation for the A₂ + CB₂ type polymerization should attribute to the much higher reactivity of C group than that of B one. The analytical expression of the degree of branching was derived as well. If the reactivity of C group is much higher than that of B group and the substitution effect is neglected, the value of the degree of branching for the hyperbranched polymers obtained is equal to the value of conversion of B groups and it may exceed 0.5, with the feed ratio of monomers varying from 1 to 3/2.     

葵花籽多肽的制备及其降压活性研究

试验以低温脱脂葵花籽粕为原料,进行脱脂和脱绿原酸处理后,用碱性蛋白酶制备葵花籽多肽。以水解度和ACE抑制率为评价指标,对底物浓度、加酶量、酶解温度、酶解时间和pH值进行单因素试验,在此基础上采用响应面试验优化碱性蛋白酶制备葵花籽多肽的最佳水解工艺。结果表明:底物浓度为15g/mL、加酶量为3 700U/g、酶解温度为56℃和pH值为8.2的条件下水解3h,ACE抑制率可达63.74%。     

部分糊化淀粉浆液黏度与浆液性能相关性分析

探讨部分糊化淀粉浆液黏度对浆液性能影响的规律。以玉米淀粉为原料,采用蒸汽升温方式分别在62℃~67℃制备了6种不同黏度的部分糊化淀粉浆液,对浆液的黏度、糊化度、结晶度、粒径和膨胀势进行测试,并应用SPSS统计软件的相关分析与线性回归分析功能对测试结果进行了相关性分析。结果表明:部分糊化淀粉浆液的黏度与结晶度呈负相关,结晶度随黏度的增大而降低;黏度与平均粒径、膨胀势呈极显著正相关,平均粒径和膨胀势值均随黏度的增加而明显增大;黏度与平均粒径、膨胀势呈明显的线性关系。认为通过相关性分析可以建立起部分糊化淀粉浆液的评价分析方法,运用此方法,可以直观、有效地对部分糊化淀粉浆液黏度性质进行评价分析。     

酶法制备小分子大豆肽的蛋白酶筛选以及酶解条件优化

本研究对制备小分子大豆肽的蛋白酶进行筛选,并对酶解条件进行优化。综合考虑酶量对产物的水解度、平均分子量及游离氨基酸的影响,确定酶解的最佳条件为:温度55℃,pH值8.5,底物浓度为10%,分别加入1.5%的木瓜蛋白酶、菠萝蛋白酶、无花果蛋白酶和3942中性蛋白酶,调pH值至4.5,再分别加入2.5%的Fromase真菌蛋白酶和537酸性蛋白酶。结果显示,多酶复合水解可提高蛋白质降解率,并尽可能降低多肽的相对分子质量。     

梳棉梳理工艺研究

探讨牵伸工艺与梳理工艺。论述了牵伸工艺与梳理工艺的关系。介绍了梳理技术的组成,针对梳理元件的重要性进行了详细分析。通过对比不同梳棉工艺,分析了刺辊与给棉板隔距、给棉板梳理工艺长度、锡林刺辊线速比、锡林与活动盖板隔距对产品质量的影响。认为:梳棉工艺的核心是正确处理梳理度、梳理强度与转移的关系,梳理元件的锋利度、粗糙度、耐用度等是工艺的基础,应遵循梳理转移适度,结杂短绒兼顾的工艺原则,优选工艺,从而提高棉纱的综合质量。