中国能源需求影响因素的省际差异研究

采用多元线性回归模型,对中国大陆29个省份能源需求影响因素进行对比研究。研究发现,不同省份能源需求的主要影响因素存在差异,即使显著性影响因素相同的省份,其影响程度也有差异。针对不同省份,提出了不同控制能源需求的有效措施与途径。     

阳离子淀粉的制备及研究进展

综述了国内外制备阳离子淀粉的工作原理、工艺路线、工艺参数及相关设备的研究，并对制备阳离子淀粉进行了展望。     

Option value of electricity demand response

As electricity markets deregulate and energy tariffs increasingly expose customers to commodity price volatility, it is difficult for energy consumers to assess the economic value of investments in technologies that manage electricity demand in response to changing energy prices. The key uncertainties in evaluating the economics of demand–response technologies are the level and volatility of future wholesale energy prices. In this paper, we demonstrate that financial engineering methodologies originally developed for pricing equity and commodity derivatives (e.g., futures, swaps, options) can be used to estimate the value of demand-response technologies. We adapt models used to value energy options and assets to value three common demand–response strategies: load curtailment, load shifting or displacement, and short-term fuel substitution—specifically, distributed generation. These option models represent an improvement to traditional discounted cash flow methods for assessing the relative merits of demand-side technology investments in restructured electricity markets.     

Modeling hydrogen production for injection into the natural gas grid: Balance between production,demand and storage

For hydrogen injection into the natural gas grid a model has been developed to obtain a balance between production, demand and storage. Due to the relation between atmospheric temperature and natural gas demand, the variation in the gas demand is very large. Consequently, in case of a more or less constant mole fraction of hydrogen in natural gas the demand for hydrogen will also vary considerably. Injection of ten percent hydrogen into the natural gas (in The Netherlands) requires already the production of about two billion cubic meters of hydrogen per year. Considering the variation in demand, most probably large-scale storage of hydrogen is needed because the flexibility in production is limited for economic and technical reasons. On the other hand, storage of hydrogen will also increase the costs. In this paper, we report on the balance between hydrogen production, demand and storage. A number of variables for controlling the production will be taken into consideration. Also the possibility of production without a buffer will be discussed.     

Specific ion effects on the properties of cationic Gemini surfactant monolayers

The effects of some anions of the Hofmeister series and different divalent cations of alkaline earth metals on the properties of Langmuir monolayers of the cationic Gemini surfactant ethyl-bis (dimethyl octadecylammonium bromide) have been investigated. Surface pressure and potential isotherms at the air-water interface were obtained on aqueous subphases containing sodium salts with several anions of the Hofmeister series (Cl⁻, NO₃⁻, Br⁻, I⁻, ClO₄⁻, and SCN⁻). The influence of the investigated anions on the monolayer properties can be ordered according to the Hofmeister series with a change in the order between bromide and nitrate anions. On the other hand, for a given anion, the cation of the salt also influences the surface properties of the Langmuir films. The monolayers can be transferred onto mica by the Langmuir-Blodgett technique and then the Langmuir-Blodgett films were characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The AFM images show that the molecules become more closely packed and nearly vertical to the surface when anions screen the electric charge of the surfactant molecules.     

饭店餐饮服务质量提升的另一种思路——一个基于马斯洛需求层次论的分析框架

饭店餐饮服务质量的好坏决定着餐饮企业的顾客满意度，决定了企业的利润，因此，提升饭店餐饮服务质量刻不容缓。从餐饮企业的角度来说，马斯洛需求层次理论也界定了餐饮服务需求的层次，认真分析饭店餐饮服务需求的不同层次以及不同层次的服务存在的问题，对提升饭店餐饮服务质量有着及其重要的意义。     

针织竹节纱的技术特征及纺纱工艺要点

介绍了针织竹节纱的特点和技术要求.针织竹节纱与针织用普通纱相比,既要求成纱细节少、捻度小,同时要求竹节分布适宜针织物的组织要求;针织竹节纱分为有规律分布竹节纱和无规律分布竹节纱.有规律分布竹节纱包括一组参数有规律和多组参数有规律.竹节纱的竹节参数包括竹节粗度、竹节长度和竹节间距,其不同组合直接影响针织物的风格.     

虫胶染料对阳离子改性棉的染色性能研究

采用改性剂DT对棉织物进行阳离子改性处理，然后用天然虫胶染料对其进行染色试验。对纤维素的改性工艺条件和染色工艺作了分析，试验表明染色色牢度基本符合国家标准。     

丙烯腈接枝蚕蛹蛋白纤维／蚕丝混纺纱线染色性能能研究

对阳离子染料用下混纺比例为75／25、50／50、25／75的丙烯腈接枝蚕蛹蛋白纤维／蚕丝混纺纱线的染色性能进行了染色试验，分析了pH值、电解质浓度等工艺凶素对纱线卜染率的影响，并进行了上染速率曲线和吸附等温线的测定。     

Identification and characterization of multifunctional cationic peptides from traditional Japanese fermented soybean Natto extracts

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