Red clays from Central and Eastern Crete: geochemical and mineralogical properties in view of provenance studies on ancient ceramics

The existing geochemical diversity of clay deposits consists the underlying assumption for the determination of provenance of archaeological ceramics on the basis of their chemical composition. This assumption was tested on Quarternary red clayey alluviums from Central and Eastern Crete (Greece), an area rich in archaeological pottery and very popular for ceramics provenance studies. This type of clay has been used for pottery production on the island since the antiquity and it is still in use by traditional workshops. Altogether, 17 samples of clayey raw materials were collected from 7 different locations in Central and Eastern Crete, and characterised by chemistry, mineralogy and petrography. The study was focussed on the internal variability within deposits and the diversity among different deposits.It was possible to distinguish all seven deposits from each other on the basis of their chemical composition, taking into account the available mineralogical and petrographical information, although some deposits presented compositional relations. Compared to Neogene clay deposits in the same area, the variability among the examined red clayey deposits was clearly higher and exceeded by far the intra-deposit variability.     

A NEW APPROACH FOR THE CLASSIFICATION AND ENUMERATION OF UNIQUE REACTION ROUTES AND UNIQUE OVERALL REACTIONS IN MULTIPLE CHEMICAL REACTION SYSTEMS

The methodology of response reactions (RERs) introduced earlier from thermodynamic and kinetic considerations is used in this work to develop a new algorithm for the classification and enumeration of unique/direct reaction routes (RRs) and overall reactions (ORs). According to the RERs approach, a unique set of both RRs and ORs may be generated starting from any conceivable set of linearly independent RRs and ORs. In particular, the direct ORs may be most conveniently enumerated starting from the formula matrix of the terminal species (reactants and products), i.e., without any relation to the elementary reactions comprising the detailed mechanism. Depending on the type of ORs produced by the RRs one can distinguish between two distinct types of direct RRs. Namely, one option is to define a direct RR by specifying the intermediate species that need to be eliminated. This type of RR is referred to as Milner RRs. The other option is to require the direct RRs to produce RERs, thus resulting in RRs referred to as Happel-Sellers RRs.     

蜡晶改进剂对润滑油馏分中蜡组分结晶控制作用的研究

抚顺石油一厂通过大量试验和溶剂脱蜡装置的连续生产证明:加工减二线,套管易上压,滤机上蜡饼泡松易堆蜡,应选用合适的改进剂以控制蜡晶生成树枝状;减四、五线重馏分蜡晶细密,套管不易上压,滤机易失效,应选用和适当加入合适的改进剂以增大聚集状晶体粒度;减三线蜡晶粒度大,为套管上压周期较长,滤机上蜡饼通透性好,滤速快,可根据需要决定是否使用改进剂。提出了针对不同润滑油馏分中不同蜡晶型选用合适的蜡晶改进剂可以相应解决不同馏分的生产难点,提高处理能力,改善产品质量。     

基于主元分析的多变量统计过程的故障辨识技术

为了更好的进行故障检测与诊断，介绍了主元分析理论，给出了基于主元分析的过程故障辨识机理及策略。仿真实例表明，利用此方法建立的故障诊断模型，能够在不依赖过程机理的前提下高效抽取原始数据空间的主要变化信息，对过程的非正常变化做出反应，同时还能较正确地找出发生故障的原因以及相应环节。     

构件重用技术在雷达软件中的应用

随着雷达软件系统技术的发展 ,软件规模、复杂度也越来越大 ,对开发、调试、功能升级等带来难度。文中提出了利用构件技术开发雷达软件系统的思想 ,并给出利用构件技术研制雷达软件系统的基本思路     

大港油田官109-1断块稠油油藏碱/表面活性剂吞吐采油技术

大港油田官109-1断块稠油油藏的油井由于井筒、近井地带发生原油有机沉积,储层原油流动性差,采用多种方法都不能正常生产。为此研制了一种碱性解堵液,用于油井化学吞吐。该解堵液为复配碱和抗硬剂等添加剂的10%两性木质素表面活性剂溶液,能使玻璃片表面由亲油变强亲水,在石英上的接触角为6°(稀释至1/2和1/4浓度时为11°和12°),与羊大站原油间的界面张力为1.75×10-3~3.18×10-3mN/m。该解堵液与黏度1~50 Pa.s的不同区块稠油按体积比1∶1混合形成的乳状液,60℃、175 s-1黏度为2~6 mPa.s,在配液水矿化度高达6000mg/L以上或钙镁离子浓度高达250 mg/L时,该解堵液仍能保持对稠油的乳化降黏能力。该解堵液从实验岩心中驱出的原油量比地层水多75%,驱出液为乳状液。通过一个井例介绍了化学吞吐工艺:先用一种降黏解堵液对油井进行预处理,清洗油管、炮眼及近井地带,再注入碱性解堵液(该井例中为500 m3),注入时间约15小时,然后开井生产。2000年2月至2002年6月在16口新投产井实施化学吞吐(第一轮次),15口井有效,其中2口井先后转注水,其余13口井到2005年底仍继续产油。图1表6参5。     

Studies on the structural and ionic transport properties at elevated temperatures of La1−xMnO3±δ synthesized by a wet chemical method

Structural transformation and ionic transport properties are investigated on wet-chemically synthesized La_1−xMnO₃ (x=0.0–0.18) compositions. Powders annealed in oxygen/air at 1000–1080 K exhibit cubic symmetry and transform to rhombohedral on annealing at 1173–1573 K in air/oxygen. Annealing above 1773 K in air or in argon/helium at 1473 K stabilized distorted rhombohedral or orthorhombic symmetry. Structural transformations are confirmed from XRD and TEM studies. The total conductivity of sintered disks, measured by four-probe technique, ranges from 5 S cm⁻¹ at 298 K to 105 S cm⁻¹ at 1273 K. The ionic conductivity measured by blocking electrode technique ranges from 1.0×10⁻⁶ S cm⁻¹ at 700 K to 2.0×10⁻³ S cm⁻¹ at 1273 K. The ionic transference number of these compositions ranges from 3.0×10⁻⁵ to 5.0×10⁻⁵ at 1273 K. The activation energy deduced from experimental data for ionic conduction and ionic migration is 1.03–1.10 and 0.80–1.00 eV, respectively. The activation energy of formation, association and migration of vacancies ranges from 1.07 to 1.44 eV.     

CIMS中零件加工特征分类研究

根据某大型制造企业的实际情况，阐述了定义加工特征的依据，给出了零件加工特征的定义及其组成。把加工特征作为对象，提出了分类的原则和面向对象分类方法。对该企业当前生产的零件上所具有的加工特征进行了分类，建立了相应的加工特征对象类树。     

部件试验模态综合的简便方法

本文将一种基于完备模态基的模态综合技术应用于子结构的试验模态综合,获得成功。这种半试验半理论的模态综合方法是一种较为简便的、要求试验工作量较小的试验模态综合法,因为它只要求测量子结构的振动模态和频率即可。数值仿真结果表明,这种简便的试验模态综合法是行之有效的。