不同敏化气泡载体敏化的乳化炸药减敏压力研究

测量了直径30 cm高压聚乙烯水袋中冲击波压力衰减规律,利用线性回归方法得到水袋中冲击波衰减曲线为p=72.237(3(√)Q/R)1.240 9MPa.采用水袋法测试3种气泡载体敏化的乳化 炸药临界减敏压力和临界压死压力.研究结果表明:玻璃微球、化学气泡、膨胀珍珠岩敏化的乳化炸药临界减敏压力分别为134.66 MPa、99.83 MPa、27.13 MPa;临界压死压力分别为332.22 MPa、218.82 MPa和45.09 MPa.气泡载体不同,乳化炸药随压力增加的平均减敏速率不同,玻璃微球敏化的乳化炸药最慢,化学气泡敏化的乳化炸药次之,膨胀珍珠岩敏化的乳化炸药最快.     

混沌脉宽调制电场激励油中液滴振动动力学特性分析

常用的恒定脉冲电场进行破乳脱水处理过程中,由于乳化油中液滴粒径的动态变化导致了电场最佳破乳频率的不确定,使得电场破乳效果受到了影响,进而提出了运用混沌脉宽调制电场实现乳化油高效破乳处理。以油中单液滴为研究对象,建立了液滴混沌脉宽调制电场振动动力学模型,数值分析了液滴的振动特性。结果表明：电场频率对液滴振动产生了直接影响,当施加的电场频率等于或接近液滴共振频率时,液滴发生共振;当电场频率小于液滴共振频率一半时,液滴振动频率高于电场频率;反之,液滴振动频率与电场频率一致。此外,不同粒径的液滴在混沌脉宽调制电场中的振动响应均存在滞后现象,粒径越大,其响应滞后越明显,混沌振动程度也会随之降低。     

Hydrogel Microcapsules with a Thin Oil Layer: Smart Triggered Release via Diverse Stimuli

A hydrogel microcapsule with an intermediate thin oil layer is presented to achieve smart release of a broad range of cargoes triggered via diverse stimuli. A microfluidic technique is used to produce triple emulsion droplets with a thin oil layer that separates the innermost aqueous phase from the hydrogel prepolymer phase, which transforms into a hydrogel shell via photopolymerization. The intermediate oil layer within the hydrogel microcapsule acts as an effective diffusion barrier, allowing encapsulation of various small cargoes within a porous hydrogel shell until a stimulus is applied to destabilize the oil layer. It is demonstrated that diverse stimuli including chemical dissolution, mechanical stress, and osmotic pressure can be utilized to release the encapsulated cargo on-demand. In addition, osmotic pressure and the hydrogel shell thickness can be independently tuned to control the onset time of release as well as the release behavior of multi-cargo encapsulated hydrogel microcapsule. The release can be either simultaneous or selective.     

Bitumen-water interfacial tension modeling by using subtractive clustering method

Calculation of interfacial tension during bitumen production is a crucial issue in heavy crude oil history. Upon variation in pressure, temperature and phases composition, interfacial tension between bitumen and water change. In this work a sophisticated method called subtractive clustering was utilized to predict dynamic interfacial tension between bitumen and water. The subtractive clustering method is composed of optimized fuzzy logic algorithm. A data bank which is collected from open-source literature, is used to create a reliable model. Then the prediction accuracy of the measured dynamic interfacial tension using subtractive clustering have been examined. Results state that the comparison of measured interfacial tension and predicted interfacial tension indicate acceptable accuracy of proposed model. Also more than 90 percent of data points have less than 3 percent absolute error.     

原油乳化液的流变性研究

油水乳化液粘度是油田开发中的重要参数,模拟某油田地层条件,应用流变装置测试高温高压条件下油水乳化液的粘度,结果表明,油水乳状液的转相点在含水率为40%~60%,建立了乳化液粘度预测数学模型,其粘度变化规律符合高斯函数和Lorentzian(劳伦兹) 函数,随着气油比的增加,乳化液粘度降低,且与常温常压下不含气的油水乳化液粘度有类似的规律,为油田开发提供理论依据。     

微表处在连霍高速公路兰考段应用效果分析

介绍了连霍高速公路兰考段微表处养护工程的施工情况,通过对原路面和通车使用一个月的路面状况检测,结果表明:微表处处理车辙和防水效果优良,与原路面粘结牢固, 并在一定程度上改善路面的平整度,可以满足高速公路沥青路面预防性养护的要求。     

涂料用纯丙乳液的性能研究

以甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)、丙烯酸丁酯(BA)和甲基丙烯酸(MA)为主要原料,利用半连续乳液聚合工艺,制备了一种涂料用纯丙乳液基料;考察了乳化剂、引发剂用量及pH值对产物性能的影响。结果表明,当w(乳化剂)=3%,w(引发剂)=0.35%,pH在8~9左右时,涂膜的吸水率达到7.9%,残余单体量<0.5%,水稀释稳定性,钙离子稳定性,冻融稳定性均通过测试,纯丙乳液具有较好的综合性能。     

无皂型乳液聚合的研究进展

综述了无皂型乳液聚合反应机理及影响乳液稳定性的因素。对无皂型乳液聚合制备方法进行了论述,并介绍了无皂型乳液聚合的研究动态、应用和发展前景。     

添加剂对工业齿轮油性能影响的研究

研究了硫化烯烃、磷酸酯胺盐、硫磷酸酯极压抗磨剂,含氮杂环衍生物多功能添加剂和防锈剂等,对工业齿轮油抗乳化性能、极压抗磨性能、防锈性能的影响;以及硫化烯烃、磷酸酯盐极压抗磨剂与含氮杂环衍生物多功能添加剂之间的协和效应。试验结果表明:1.2%~1.6%复合添加剂调制的CKD220工业齿轮油中,磷酸脂盐的正确选用可以提高齿轮油的抗乳化性能、防锈性能和减少防锈剂用量。硫化烯烃与磷酸脂盐、含氮杂环衍生物多功能添加剂的合理组合,可以提高齿轮油的极压抗磨性能和防锈性能,减少添加剂总加剂量。     

核壳纳米复合粒子的结构设计、制备与表面反应功能化

以乳液聚合为主要手段,研究了制备高分子基纳米复合材料的高效而又具有较好普适性的方法,实现了聚合物对A l2O3,CaCO3,ZnO,T iO2无机纳米粒子的包覆。并通过引入交联结构、壳层使用亲水共聚物以及界面引入化学键等方式,克服了一般乳液聚合中产物结构严重依赖于核壳组分亲水性的缺点,大大提高了核壳纳米复合粒子结构设计的自由度。在得到各种纳米复合粒子乳液的基础上,对纳米复合粒子实现了表面反应功能化,赋予了产物高产率和高接枝效率、表面官能团种类及含量和粒子形态结构高度可控等特征。