浮法玻璃微气泡与硫澄清

从芒硝澄清机理出发,主要谈了对微气泡问题的认识,介绍了浮法玻璃生产对熔制火焰气氛的要求,提出了消除微气泡应注意的问题.     

Stability of Cold-Pressed Oil from Commercial Indian Niger (Guizotia abyssinica (L.f.) Cass.) Seed as affected by Blending and Interesterification

Blending and interesterification of cold‐pressed oil from commercially available niger (Guizotia abyssinica (L.f.) Cass.) seeds was performed to improve its stability. The fatty acid composition of cold‐pressed niger seed oil (NSO) revealed that it contained a huge amount of polyunsaturated linoleic acid (69.2 %). NSO being rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) was susceptible to oxidation and hence was blended with saturated fatty acid (SFA) rich coconut oil (CNO) and monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) rich olive–pomace oil (OO) to enhance its stability. CNO contained a total of 91.3 % of SFA, while OO had oleic acid, C18:1 (74.3 %) as MUFA. Two blends of NSO with CNO and OO, i.e. NSO + CNO(B) and NSO + OO(B), were prepared in the ratio of 1:1. The blends were further interesterified using the lipase enzyme from Rhizomucor meihei and interesterified oils, i.e. NSO + CNO(I) and NSO + OO(I), were obtained. The oxidative stability of the oils was evaluated by incubating them at 37 °C and 55 % relative humidity (RH) for a period of 45 days. The peroxide values of NSO + CNO(B), NSO + OO(B), NSO + CNO(I) and NSO + OO(I) showed a reduction by 53.3, 42.6, 65.3 and 55.4 %, respectively, while the conjugated diene values showed a reduction by 75.0, 66.9, 76.7 and 75.3 %, respectively, as compared to NSO during the incubation period. This is probably the first report on the stability improvement of niger seed oil through blending and interesterification.     

用Mg-NdBCO籽晶制备PMP-SmBCO单畴块材

以NdBCO为基体,添加适量的MgO粉末,制备了自发形核生长的多畴样品。然后选用Nd-Ba-Cu-Mg-O为籽晶成功制备了具有单畴形貌的PMP-SmBCO块材。利用DTA、XRD和SEM分析了粉末的融化温度、晶体取向及微观组织形貌。结果表明添加质量分数1%MgO的NdBCO前驱粉末最高熔化温度比SmBCO粉末高了40℃以上,NdBaCuMgO籽晶与SmBCO样品晶体完全共格。     

葡萄籽油的提取方法及精炼工艺研究进展

葡萄酒生产过程中的下脚料,经过清洗、烘干等处理,分离出葡萄籽.所得葡萄籽通过压榨法、溶剂提取法或超临界流体萃取法得到葡萄籽毛油,所得毛油经脱胶、脱酸、水洗干燥、脱色、脱臭、特色过滤等精炼工艺最后得到精制成品油.本文对葡萄籽油的提取方法及精炼工艺研究进展进行了综述.     

钛液水解工艺对偏钛酸性能的影响

采用外加晶种常压水解法制备偏钛酸,使用激光粒度仪分析偏钛酸的粒度分布,通过沉降高度和洗涤时间判断偏钛酸的过滤性能。考察了晶种加入量、变灰点时间、钛液浓度、二次沸腾保温时间对偏钛酸粒度分布及其过滤性能的影响。结果表明：晶种加入量、钛液浓度和二次沸腾保温时间对偏钛酸性能有显著影响,晶种加入量越大、钛液浓度越低、水解速度就越快,变灰时间越短,得到的偏钛酸的粒度分布也越宽,过滤性能越差。延长二次沸腾保温时间可以使偏钛酸粒度分布更窄,粒子更均匀。     

芝麻中芝麻酚提取工艺的研究

文章以芝麻粉为材料,乙醇为萃取剂,研究了芝麻酚提取工艺,对芝麻酚含量进行测定。通过对单因素条件的选择和正交试验,确定了提取芝麻酚的最佳工艺条件为乙醇浓度60%,提取水浴温度80℃,料液比为1∶15,提取时间100 min;在上述的最佳工艺条件下,芝麻酚提取率为20.1 mg/g。     

超声提取女贞子中黄酮类化合物的工艺研究

采用超声辅助乙醇提取女贞子中黄酮类化合物,考察乙醇浓度、超声功率、超声时间和料液比对提取率的影响。结果表明,最佳提取条件为:乙醇体积分数为50%,料液比1∶70(g/mL),600 W功率下提取20 min,并通过实验确定在此条件下黄酮类化合物的提取率达到13.61%。     

银耳莲子汁饮料加工技术及配方研究

莲子、银耳是我国传统的滋补保健品。以银耳、莲子为主要原料研制的营养饮料有很好的市场前景。为了获得风味和口感良好,营养丰富及状态稳定的银耳莲子汁饮料,通过正交试验、感官评定、稳定性试验对银耳莲子汁饮料的生产工艺和产品配方进行了研究。试验结果表明:通过三因素三水平正交试验,柠檬酸0.7‰、D-异抗坏血酸钠1‰、EDTA0.6‰的护色液护色效果最好,能有效控制生产过程酶促褐变及美拉德反应;通过四因素三水平正交试验,乳化稳定剂的最佳配方为:卡拉胶0.09%、结冷胶0.02%、羧甲基纤维素钠0.07%、蔗糖酯0.08%;通过五因素四水平正交试验,银耳莲子汁的最佳配方为:莲子3%,银耳0.6%,白糖和冰糖6%,复合稳定剂0.26%,pH为6.0;按上述工艺和配方生产的银耳莲子汁饮料口感、风味最佳,稳定性良好。     

高效液相色谱法测定不同产地湘莲中荷叶碱、 莲心碱、芦丁的含量

目的建立高效液相色谱法同时测定湘莲中荷叶碱、莲心碱、芦丁的方法。方法在酸性条件下超声提取3种待测组分。色谱条件如下:C_(18)(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)色谱柱;流动相:甲醇-0.1 mol/L乙酸铵(用乙二胺调节pH值至7.5~8.0)(55:45,V:V);流速:1.0 m L/min;检测波长:275 nm;柱温30℃;进样量10μL。结果荷叶碱、莲心碱、芦丁分别在7.636~152.7μg/mL(r~2=0.9999,n=5)、7.543~150.9μg/mL(r~2=0.9995,n=5)、7.543~150.9μg/mL(r~2=0.9998,n=5)范围内线性关系良好,加标回收率为96.9%~100.5%之间,相对标准偏差(relative standard deviation,RSD)为1.1%~1.4%。结论该法同时测定湘莲中荷叶碱、莲心碱、芦丁,简单快速,定量准确,可以为评价不同产地湘莲功效成分提供参考。     

黄山贡菊多糖的微波浸提工艺和抑菌效果研究

利用响应面设计法和微波浸提法优化黄山贡菊的多糖提取工艺,多糖含量测定采用苯酚-硫酸法,并对多糖提取液进行了抑菌效果实验。结果表明：微波功率、浸提时间和pH因素对贡菊多糖提取率有显著影响,得出微波辅助提取贡菊多糖的最优工艺参数：微波功率为530W,提取时间为22min,液料比38：1,多糖浸提液pH为6.7,实际多糖得率为6.18%。抑菌实验表明：贡菊多糖的抑菌效果良好,贡菊多糖对大肠杆菌和苏云金芽孢杆菌的最小抑菌浓度为10mg·mL-1。