圆孔衍射中央图案的研究

通过理论和实验两方面，对A.J.Fresnel和J.Fraunhofer圆孔衍射中心图案进行分析和讨论之后，得出圆孔衍射图样中央光斑不一定总是亮斑的结论。     

圆管临界热流密度的流体模化

为了评价现有的临界热流密度(CHF)流体模化技术,在氟里昂-12热工实验装置上完成了φ202.5圆管CHF实验。在此基础上,用不同的数据源,比较了Ahmad补偿失真模型、鲁钟琪模型、Groeneveld模型和Stevens-Kirby经验比例因子模型的预测精度和适用范围,为复杂流道中的CHF流体模化研究奠定了基础。     

利用奇异值分解最小二乘法(SVDLS)解析蛋白质的现场光谱电化学圆二色(CD)谱

圆二色谱仪是研究蛋白质二级结构的有力工具，能在远紫外区测出蛋白质的二级结构的各种构象。通常的蛋白质二级结构有α-螺旋、β-折叠、反β-折叠、β-转角及无规则卷曲五种构象，实际观测到的CD谱是这几种二级结构构象CD谱的线性加和。本文利用了奇异值分解最小二乘算法(SVDLS)，并编译相关程序解析现场外加电压电解条件下的蛋白质溶液的CD谱，得到几种二级结构构象的组分分布。所得结果与文献报道上的其他方法如SELCON3等相比较，证明是一种快速和有效的方法。     

基于圆形窗口的简单多边形裁剪算法

提出了一种新颖而实用的圆形窗口Ｖ对多边形Ｐ的裁剪算法。它将多边形Ｐ的边视为有向线段，通过引入多边形顶点的入边和出边交点的概念，深入研究了Ｐ被Ｖ裁剪后的区域确定问题，给出了作出Ｐ在Ｖ内部分的定理     

弧齿锥齿轮刮削刀盘工作角度的分析（上）

弧齿锥齿轮刮削刀盘采用了斜角切削，在刮削过程中工作角度发生了变化。这种变化涉及到刮削机理的研究和刮削过程中几何参数的选择。本文对刮削过程中工作角度问题进行了探讨，并对工作刃倾角、工作前角和工作后角进行了具体计算，得到了一些变化规律。     

圆形可倾瓦与扇形瓦推力轴承性能的比较

应用有限元程序分别对圆形瓦和扇形瓦推力轴承在中心支承条件下的性能进行了计算。并根据计算结果对两种瓦形的轴承性能作了比较。其结果和实验结论比较一致。最后得出圆形瓦轴承比扇形瓦轴承在某些方面有一定的优越性。     

Influence of Different Salts on the G-Quadruplex Structure Formed from the Reversed Human Telomeric DNA Sequence

G-rich telomeric DNA plays a major role in the stabilization of chromosomes and can fold into a plethora of different G-quadruplex structures in the presence of mono- and divalent cations. The reversed human telomeric DNA sequence (5′-(GGG ATT)₄; RevHumTel) was previously shown to have interesting properties that can be exploited for chemical sensing and as a chemical switch in DNA nanotechnology. Here, we analyze the specific G-quadruplex structures formed by RevHumTel in the presence of K⁺, Na⁺, Mg²⁺ and Ca²⁺ cations using circular dichroism spectroscopy (CDS) and Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) based on fluorescence lifetimes. CDS is able to reveal strand and loop orientations, whereas FRET gives information about the distances between the 5′-end and the 3′-end, and also, the number of G-quadruplex species formed. Based on this combined information we derived specific G-quadruplex structures formed from RevHumTel, i.e., a chair-type and a hybrid-type G-quadruplex structure formed in presence of K⁺, whereas Na⁺ induces the formation of up to three different G-quadruplexes (a basket-type, a propeller-type and a hybrid-type structure). In the presence of Mg²⁺ and Ca²⁺ two different parallel G-quadruplexes are formed (one of which is a propeller-type structure). This study will support the fundamental understanding of the G-quadruplex formation in different environments and a rational design of G-quadruplex-based applications in sensing and nanotechnology.     

RNA Sequencing Demonstrates That Circular RNA Regulates Avian Influenza Virus Replication in Human Cells

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are involved in diverse biological processes. Avian influenza virus (AIV) can cross the species barrier to infect humans. Here, we employed RNA sequencing technology to profile circRNA, microRNA, and mRNA expression in human lung carcinoma cells in response to AIV or human influenza A virus (IAV) infection at viral replication. The analysis revealed that the expression of 475 common circRNAs were significantly regulated. The 381 and 1163 up-regulated circRNAs were induced by AIV at 8 and 16 h, respectively. Subsequently, gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses were also conducted for the AIV-specific up-regulated circRNAs. Moreover, the circRNAs were characterized, of which six were verified by quantitative real-time PCR. We further confirmed that expression of the selected circRNAs only increased following AIV infection. Knocking down the selected circRNAs promoted AIV proliferation, and overexpression of three of the candidate circRNAs restricted AIV replication and proliferation. We further analyzed that AIV-specific up-regulated circRNA mechanisms might function through the ceRNA network to affect the “Endocytosis” pathway and the “Cell cycle process”. These data provide the first expression profile of AIV-specific up-regulated circRNAs and shed new light on the pathogenesis of AIV infection. Our findings also suggest that these circRNAs serve an important role in AIV infection.     

光谱法研究高良姜素与人血清白蛋白的相互作用

在模拟生理条件下,采用荧光猝灭、同步荧光、三维荧光和圆二色谱,研究高良姜素与人血清白蛋白(HSA)之间的相互作用。结果表明:高良姜素对HSA有较强的荧光猝灭作用,且为静态猝灭,结合过程中氢键和范德华力起主要作用。不同温度下二者的结合常数(K_a)与结合位点数(n)分别为1.26×10~6L/mol、1.17(290.15 K),4.34×10~5L/mol、1.09(296.15 K),1.23×10~5L/mol、1.00(303.15 K),9.87×10~4L/mol、0.99(310.15 K)。同步荧光、三维荧光和圆二色谱显示高良姜素与HSA作用时更靠近色氨酸残基,使其周围的疏水性减弱,而对蛋白构象影响较小。      

圆形磁链的直接转矩控制仿真模型研究

在异步电机数学模型的基础上,利用Mat-lab/Simulink软件构建了串行起动圆形磁链的直接转矩控制调速系统。通过对在各种条件下直接转矩控制系统模型的仿真实验,对电机的电压、电流、转速、转矩以及磁链的仿真波形的分析,证明了串行起动圆形磁链的直接转矩控制的优越性和有效性。