Prediction of zonal and total discharges in smooth straight prismatic compound channels using regression modeling

Experimental results are presented concerning the zonal and total discharge distribution and characteristics in a compound channel cross-section comprising one rectangular main channel and two symmetrical floodplains. The discharges in the main channel, floodplains, and total compound channel are found to be highly correlated to several dimensionless parameters defined using the compound channel cross-section geometry. Multi-variable regression analysis was utilized for developing predictive models that can estimate the main channel, floodplains and total discharges as a function of four different dimensionless parameters. The developed models to predict the zonal and total discharges in compound channels are found to be highly significant according to several major statistics including the model standard error, coefficient of determination (R²), and F-statistic. The developed multi-variable regression-based models are also tested for validity using available experimental data. Several statistical tests applicable to the analysis of residuals have indicated the effectiveness of the developed predictive models.     

Dynamic modelling of a low-concentration solar power plant: A control strategy to improve flexibility

This paper deals with a dynamic analysis on a low concentration solar power plants coupled with Organic Rankine Cycles (ORC), which can be an alternative to PV systems because of their capability of providing a smoother electricity production due to their thermal inertia. At least within certain restraints, moreover they are able to exploit diffused solar radiation.The dynamic model of a plant with static Compound Parabolic Collectors and an ORC system, using a rotary volumetric expander, was developed using the simulation tool AMESim. All the main components of the plant are modelled: solar collectors field, heat transfer fluid circuit, heat exchangers and the ORC system. The plant response to the radiation of different days was analyzed to quantify the daily production and the trend of various plant parameters. Real ambient conditions were employed for the simulations by using data obtained by historical series.The results showed that the employment of a volumetric expansion device with variable rotating speed allows the plant to operate at different radiations and ambient temperatures without the need of any storage system or external heat sources. Results can be extended to other applications, such as low temperature waste heat recovery or geothermal systems.     

An improved method for predicting discharge of homogeneous compound channels based on energy concept

Accurate estimation of flow discharge in a compound river channel is increasingly important in river management and hydro-environment design. In this paper, a new model is developed to improve the prediction of flow based on Energy Concept Method (ECM) and Weighted Divided Channel Method (WDCM) along with the apparent shear stress at the interface between main channel and floodplain. The new model is compared with a wide range of our experimental data and the data available in the literature. The 27 datasets used include homogenous symmetric channels (22 datasets) and asymmetric channels (5 datasets) with various aspect ratios [channel total width (B) at bankfull / main channel bottom (b) =1.5–15.8], and bed slopes (S_o = 4.3 × 10⁻⁴–1.3 × 10⁻²). It was found that the new model has significantly improved the accuracy of flow prediction compared with the traditional Divided Channel Method (DCM), and has also considerably better results than the ECM and WDCM methods against all the datasets, particularly for relatively low flow depths of floodplain where the flow discharges are most difficult to predict correctly. The new model predicts the total discharge well for both symmetric and asymmetric channels, within an averaged relative error of about 5%.     

Evaluation and optimisation of receiver height in a compound parabolic collector with low acceptance angle

This research presents the method of finding an optimised location of a tubular receiver for a compound parabolic collector (CPC) with 6° acceptance angle. Due to low acceptance angle, reflected rays concentrate below the focus of a parabola. Graphical ray tracing (GRT) approach is implemented to execute the optical analysis with and without manufacturing error in the collector. It is performed on collector–receiver combinations by varying receiver height below the focus and they are compared on the basis of utilised area and projection ratios. The ideal cases of collector–receiver combinations which contribute high utilisation and projection ratio are selected and verified with the camera target method (CTM) performed on the actual set-up. It is built for water heater application to validate the results obtained from GRT and CTM. The thermal performance of CPC at various receiver heights is compared by thermal efficiency and therefore the optimum receiver height is concluded.     

多注入轮次提高等流度二元驱采收率的实验研究

针对J16块试验区实施二元驱时,存在注入液在不同渗透性地层中推进速度不均匀、驱油效果变差等问题,开展了多注入轮次提高等流度二元驱采收率的室内实验研究。结果表明:在二元体系的成分和用量相同的条件下,不同注入轮次等流度二元驱采收率不同。实验条件下,四轮次注入时化学驱采出程度最高,达到35.2%,高出一轮次7.49%。多轮次注入二元体系较单轮次注入能够更好的控制含水上升速度,长时间维持较高注入压力,更大限度增强等流度驱油效果。     

采用M16,M17强化铜,金,银回收的研究

新型捕收剂Ｍ１６、Ｍ１７用于凤凰山铜矿提高铜、金、银的回收率，取得了突出效果。该药剂对硫化铜矿物的选择性捕收效果好，而且对伴生金、银有较强的捕收能力。产品稳定性好，使用方便，生产过程稳定，具有较高的推广应用价值。     

压力铸渗法制备金属基复合材料

复合材料其有高强度、硬度以及良好的耐磨性等优良的性能。在矿山机械、航灭、交通、结构材料等领域具有广阔的应用前景。材料研究工作者对金属基复合材料的研究日益深入和广泛，因此，制备金属基复合材料的工艺技术也得到了迅速的发展。压力铸渗法是一种非常有效的方法，在这种工艺技术中．液态金属在压力作用下渗入到增强体颗粒或纤维制成的预制型中，冷却后即可得到分布均匀的复合材料。利用这种工艺制备的复合材料不仅能满足使用要求，而且可以得到净成型工件。在本文中主要针对陶瓷颗粒预制型的压力铸渗的研究进行阐述。     

直接力气动力导弹复合鲁棒控制系统设计

以大气层内防空导弹短周期小扰动运动为数学模型,应用复合控制双通道设计方案,解决通道耦合问题;为使模型扰动误差在可控范围内,内闭环采用线性二次最优控制;为提高系统鲁棒性能,外闭环采用乘型不确定型混合灵敏度鲁棒控制;结合寻的制导方式提出了直接力环节开机控制策略;最后仿真说明了该系统具有一定解耦能力和鲁棒性,能够有效减小动态...     

电气系统内部过电压引起低厂变烧坏事故解析

对某发电厂10kV电气系统在进行高压附机启停过程中,产生操作过电压,先后3次造成10kV/0.4kV的低厂变烧坏事故的原因进行了分析,并采取了相应的防范措施.