多功能热泵冷热水机组研究及在医院设计中的应用探索

由于医院需要具有24 h热水供应能力,如何在满足使用需求的情况下节能减排,通过项目实际设计过程,提出了热泵冷凝热回收加热生活热水的解决方案,介绍了多功能热泵冷热水机组空调系统方案设计思路与国外运行案例数据的分析。     

不同集聚纺筒纱毛羽变化分析

分析网格圈式集聚纱和中空罗拉式集聚纱络筒后的毛羽变化情况.测试了两种集聚纱络筒前后毛羽的外观结构和毛羽增长率,并从其成纱原理上进行了分析.试验表明:纱线线密度为9.7 tex时,中空罗拉式集聚纱的毛羽增长较少;纱线线密度为14.6 tex时,两种集聚纱的毛羽增长率相差不大;纱线线密度为30 tex时,中空罗拉式集聚纱的毛羽增长明显大于网格圈式集聚纱.认为:两种集聚纺筒纱毛羽的变化与两种集聚纺集聚形态密切相关.     

凝汽式蒸汽透平隔板腐蚀原因的探讨及防范措施

对凝汽式透平隔板产生腐蚀的原因进行了分析,提出了防范措施。     

Applying condensing-temperature control in air-cooled reciprocating water chillers for energy efficiency

This paper reports on the modelling and findings of the energy performance of an air-cooled reciprocating multiple-chiller plant under the conventional head pressure control and the new condensing-temperature control in a subtropical climate. The simulation model was validated using the operating data of an existing chiller plant. As noted from this existing air-cooled reciprocating chiller plant, there was a substantial efficiency drop at part-load resulting from the head pressure control. If operating at variable lower condensing-temperatures based on the established operating mode of the condenser fans and compressors, it is shown that the chiller consumption can be maintained below 2 kW/refrigeration ton throughout the entire range of outdoor temperature and part-load conditions, giving an average efficiency of 1.08 kW/refrigeration ton. The energy imposition due to cycling on more condenser fans can be compensated by the reduced compressor consumption. Potential energy savings of 18.2 and 29% in the annual chiller consumption are achievable by applying the condensing-temperature control to two existing chiller plants studied. This supports the need to develop the condensing-temperature control as an improvement to the conventional head pressure control.     

氯乙酸生产工艺改进研究

通过更换新冷凝器、改进卸车方式、调整盐水温度,降低冰醋酸的消耗定额。     

冷凝压力的调节与调节下限的确定

为了确保制冷系统在环境温度大幅度变化的条件下稳定地运行,许多制冷系统都安装冷凝压力调节措施。冷凝压力调节分为冷凝器空气侧调节和制冷机侧调节两种方式。无论那种方式冷凝压力的调节下限都直接影响制冷系统的正常工作或造成制冷系统的全年平均工作效率降低。文章介绍了冷凝压力的调节方式,分析了冷凝压力调节下限的确定原则与方法。     

联合供热冷凝式锅炉中央辐射供暖系统及其评价

暖浴两用冷凝式锅炉和地板辐射采暖联合供热系统在我国采暖领域还没有应用,文章给出了以联合供热型冷凝式锅炉为中央热源的低温地板辐射采暖系统,分析了该系统的主要型式及其工作原理,评价了系统的经济性和节能环保效益。     

凝汽式汽轮机改为低真空供热式汽轮机的探讨

结合哈尔滨市王兆热电厂对小型凝汽式汽轮机采用堵部分压力级喷嘴、加装某些调节级喷嘴的方法来提高汽轮机的效率，恢复原凝汽式汽轮机的额定功率。     

Transition between Condensing and Air Flow Drying of Thin-Film Coatings

The transport characteristics were investigated in the bench-top condenser dryer, which is a new and air-free drying system for advanced coating applications. The measured solvent drying rate agrees with the one-dimensional diffusion theory in the early drying stages, showing the validity of the previously proposed diffusion models in a quantitative sense. The combination of the condenser dryer with the air flow system revealed a characteristic transition in the diffusion kinetics between the convection-drying and the condensing-drying regimes. The drying of immiscible ternary solution coatings showed a transition in the phase-separated morphologies from the isolated droplets to the elongated stripe patterns.     

Condensing boiler applications in the process industry

Major challenging issues such as climate change, energy prices and fuel security have focussed the attention of process industries on their energy efficiency and opportunities for improvement. The main objective of this research study was to investigate technologies needed to exploit the large amount of low grade heat available from a flue gas condensing system through industrial condensing boilers. The technology and application of industrial condensing boilers in various heating systems were extensively reviewed. As the condensers require site-specific engineering design, a case study was carried out to investigate the feasibility (technically and economically) of applying condensing boilers in a large scale district heating system (40 MW). The study showed that by recovering the latent heat of water vapour in the flue gas through condensing boilers, the whole heating system could achieve significantly higher efficiency levels than conventional boilers. In addition to waste heat recovery, condensing boilers can also be optimised for emission abatement, especially for particle removal. Two technical barriers for the condensing boiler application are corrosion and return water temperatures. Highly corrosion-resistant material is required for condensing boiler manufacture. The thermal design of a “case study” single pass shell-and-tube condensing heat exchanger/condenser showed that a considerable amount of thermal resistance was on the shell-side. Based on the case study calculations, approximately 4900 m² of total heat transfer area was required, if stainless steel was used as a construction material. If the heat transfer area was made of carbon steel, then polypropylene could be used as the corrosion-resistant coating material outside the tubes. The addition of polypropylene coating increased the tube wall thermal resistance, hence the required heat transfer area was approximately 5800 m². Net Present Value (NPV) calculations showed that the choice of a carbon steel condenser ensured cash return in a relatively shorter period of time (i.e. 2 years) when compared to a stainless steel condenser (i.e. 5-7 years). Moreover, the NPV for the stainless steel was more sensitive to the change of the interest rate.