Know how,knowledge that and the requirement of conscious intent

The distinction between know how and knowledge that is one that has failed to draw much attention in philosophy, despite its importance in other fields. This distinction is explored and neuropsychological studies are presented that support this distinction. In particular, the dorsal and ventral visual processing streams are examined and shown to process information individually despite lesions to the other processing stream. Studies are also presented that further highlight the idea that the distinction between know how and knowledge that take place in decision-making and in judgements of how to act. These studies also contradict Carr's assessment that a necessary aspect of connecting know how with ability is conscious intent. The idea of a more general functional connection between know how and ability is explored and it is emphasized that this functional connection should include very basic neurobiological functions.     

基于有意识和无意识的设计思考逻辑重塑研究

随着人们对日常生活精神层面要求的逐步提高,现代设计面临了更大的挑战,设计师如何更有创造性地进行设计思考将成为一个值得研究的主题。本文从无意识和有意识的概念出发,通过分析现有设计思考模式中有意识和无意识的存在形式,重新塑造设计思考逻辑过程,即将有意识和无意识思考形式进行组合;从而指导设计师的设计思考实践,创造更高的设计价值。     

Consciousness: A connectionist manifesto

Connectionism and phenomenology can mutually inform and mutually constrain each other. In this manifesto I outline an approach to consciousness based on distinctions developed by connectionists. Two core identities are central to a connectionist theory of consciouness: conscious states of mind are identical to occurrent activation patterns of processing units; and the variable dispositional strengths on connections between units store latent and unconscious information. Within this broad framework, a connectionist model of consciousness succeeds according to the degree of correspondence between the content of human consciousness (the world as it is experienced) and the interpreted content of the network. Constitutive self-awareness and reflective self-awareness can be captured in a model through its ability to respond to self-reflexive information, identify self-referential categories, and process information in the absence of simultaneous input. The qualitative feel of sensation appears in a model as states of activation that are not fully discriminated by later processing. Connectionism also uniquely explains several specific features of experience. The most important of these is the superposition of information in consciousness — our ability to perceive more than meets the eye, and to apprehend complex categorical and temporal information in a single highly-cognized glance. This superposition in experience matches a superposition of representational content in distributed representations.     

机器意识研究综述

意识问题是尚未解决的重大哲学问题与科学问题. 机器意识是人工智能最前沿的研究领域之一. 研发意识机器人对于人工智能与机器人学的发展具有重要科学意义与应用价值. 本文首先介绍了意识与感受性的相关概念和理论; 然后, 详细讨论了机器意识的概念与研究分类、实现方法与计算模型, 重点论述了实现机器意识的量子方法; 最后, 总结了机器意识目前面临的困境与未来可能的发展, 并给出了一套机器意识总体实现框架.     

非物质文化遗产与大学生人文素质教育关系研究

文章从人文知识与人文精神方面剖析人文素质的内涵,并从这两方面重点分析非物质文化遗产对大学生人文素质教育的重要影响,同时文章从＂文化自觉＂的角度说明良好的大学生人文素质对非物质文化遗产的反作用。     

浅谈计算机教学对学生创新能力培养

该文从信息时代计算机教学的特点,结合传统的教学,探讨了信息时代计算机教学对学生创新能力的培养。     

Below the knowledge level architecture

When stripped of its everyday familiarity, the virtually constant inner dialogue experienced by virtually everyone presents a mystery: why do we use language to communicate to ourselves. When examined from a design perspective in light of currently plausible cognitive neuroscience, language seems highly non-optimal as an internal communication medium. Other than its role in maintaining the privacy of thought, proposed functions for self-dialogue raise more questions than they answer. Therefore, it is appropriate to question the role played by the familiarity of self-dialogue in shaping our intuitions about consciousness.     

THE BRAIN AS A CONSCIOUS SYSTEM∗

A mathematically specified model of the brain/mind working by the physically realisable processes of quantum holography is proposed, in which mental events autonomously cause neural events. These are made manifest by adaptive resonance so as to elicit the stream of consciousness of which we are all aware. This takes place against a background of unconscious activity, for example the taxonomization and storage of sensory experience and mental activity in the form of a distributed, paged, holographic memory. The very considerable benefits of this form of memory and the associated image and signal processing by adaptive filtering are explained. It is shown that such a model exhibits many of the basic features of the actual morphology and dynamics of human brains including the possibility of language and logic as enhancements to the primary capabilities of perception and cognition. It confirms the nature of our personal experience as having a conscious mental self or ghost in the machine, in accordance with the traditional dualist-metaphysics of a physical brain and a separate mind which interact.     

Quantity of experience: brain-duplication and degrees of consciousness

If a brain is duplicated so that there are two brains in identical states, are there then two numerically distinct phenomenal experiences or only one? There are two, I argue, and given computationalism, this has implications for what it is to implement a computation. I then consider what happens when a computation is implemented in a system that either uses unreliable components or possesses varying degrees of parallelism. I show that in some of these cases there can be, in a deep and intriguing sense, a fractional (non-integer) number of qualitatively identical phenomenal experiences. This, in turn, has implications for what lessons one should draw from neural replacement scenarios such as Chalmers’ “Fading Qualia” thought experiment.     

论品牌意识与品牌管理

分析了企业树立正确的品牌意识，加强品牌运作管理的必要性，针对我国企业品牌扩展中存在的问题，提出品牌运作网络化、全球化，真正打造出世界品牌的对策。