植物蛋白素肉原料与工艺的研究进展

为缓解肉类供给不足的压力,以营养价值较高的植物蛋白素肉产品替代传统肉类成为食品研究发展的新方向。然而,目前缺少对植物蛋白素肉的产品配方、加工技术、产品品质、消费者态度等的系统综述。因此,该文总结了植物蛋白素肉的组成成分及其对产品品质的影响,分析了植物蛋白素肉在加工过程中所应用的加工技术及在质构、颜色、风味、营养方面的品质现状,进而阐述了植物蛋白素肉的市场接受程度,以期促进植物蛋白素肉科学研究的进一步发展,并促进其产品市场的扩大化。     

Stochastic optimization model for order acceptance with multiple demand classes and uncertain demand/supply

This article considers an order acceptance problem in a make-to-stock manufacturing system with multiple demand classes in a finite time horizon. Demands in different periods are random variables and are independent of one another, and replenishments of inventory deviate from the scheduled quantities. The objective of this work is to maximize the expected net profit over the planning horizon by deciding the fraction of the demand that is going to be fulfilled. This article presents a stochastic order acceptance optimization model and analyses the existence of the optimal promising policies. An example of a discrete problem is used to illustrate the policies by applying the dynamic programming method. In order to solve the continuous problems, a heuristic algorithm based on stochastic approximation (HASA) is developed. Finally, the computational results of a case example illustrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the HASA approach, and make the application of the proposed model readily acceptable.     

接触探测系统CMM验收检测和复检检测标准的探讨

在分析ISO/CD103605:2004以及GB/T16857.5(送审稿)的基础上,对具有接触探测系统CMM验收检测和复检检测标准中的术语和定义、计量特性要求、验收检测和复检检测、应用等若干问题进行了探讨,并提出了具体修改建议。     

浅谈汽车冲压模具的验收流程

主要阐述了汽车冲压模具验收的主要流程,并针对手工提样阶段、全模提样阶段、预验收阶段、模具到货走线调试阶段、制件评审阶段、模具本体终验收阶段等6个验收阶段分别对验收技术标准、验收特殊要求、验收注意事项等进行了一一说明,对实践中验收模具具有一定的借鉴作用。     

基于TAME-EDKT模型的适老化家电产品设计评价

目的 为解决适老化家电产品设计评价过程中指标集确定的非适老性、指标间相互作用关系的干扰性和权重值确定过程中忽略用户需求的片面性等问题,基于老年技术接受模型,提出一种综合评价模型方法。方法 首先,基于老年技术接受模型确定设计方案评价指标;其次,基于熵权法确定评价指标的初始权重,运用DEMATEL法确定指标之间的相互作用权重,以KANO模型进行权重调整,确定最终的指标权重,并基于TOPSIS法进行方案排序优选;最后,运用该方法进行适老化吸尘器设计方案优选,并进行对比验证。结论 该方法可有效确定适老化家电产品设计评价指标集的适老性,较好地考虑了指标间的相互作用关系及用户需求对指标权重的影响,并进一步完善适老化家电产品设计领域的理论研究。     

Consumer perceptions of pork eating quality as affected by pork quality attributes and end-point cooked temperature

The study evaluated the interactive and individual effects of fresh pork loin (n = 679) ultimate pH (pH), intramuscular fat (IMF), Minolta L^* color (L^*), Warner–Bratzler shear force (WBS), and four cooked temperatures (62.8 °C, 68.3 °C, 73.9 °C, and 79.4 °C) on consumer (n = 2280) perception of eating quality (n = 13,265 observations). Data were analyzed using ordered logistical regression. Predicted mean responses were consistently near or under five on the 1–8-point end-anchored scale, indicating a neutral perception of pork eating quality regardless of fresh quality or cooked temperature. Responses improved as IMF and pH increased and WBS decreased, whereas L^* did not contribute significantly to variation in responses. Increasing IMF resulted in a very small incremental improvement in responses, but was of practical size only when comparing the least (1%) to the greatest (6%) levels. Loin pH and WBS were primary contributors to consumer perceptions, whereby an incremental increase in pH (0.20 unit) and decrease in WBS (4.9 N) resulted in a 4–5% reduction in the proportion of consumers rating pork as 6 (favorable) on the 8-point scale. No interactions between quality and temperature effects were observed. Increased cooked temperature was negatively (P < 0.05) associated with Overall-Like and Tenderness ratings, but the incremental effect was small. Juiciness-Like and Level responses decreased by 0.50 units as temperature increased across the range. Consumer responses favor pork with lower WBS, greater pH and IMF, and pork cooked to a lower temperature.     

Consumer acceptability and purchase intent of probiotic yoghurt with added glucose oxidase using sensometrics,artificial neural networks and logistic regression

This research aimed to identify the drivers of acceptance and purchase intent of a probiotic (Bifidobacterium longum BL05) nonflavoured yoghurt supplemented with glucose oxidase, and to model the consumers’ acceptability using sensometrics and artificial neural networks (ANN). Consumers (n = 100) evaluated the degree of liking of yoghurt assays in respect of appearance, aroma, taste, texture and overall linking. Sensometric techniques – multiple linear regression (MLR), partial least squares regression (PLS), principal component regression (PCR) – and ANN were used to model the overall liking. Sensory drivers of global acceptance and purchase intent were also determined using logistic regression (LR). Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) identified three consumer segments that presented differences in all sensory attributes evaluated (P < 0.05). The ANN model showed the best performance to predict overall liking, followed by the MLR, PLS and PCR, indicating that taste and texture were the most significant attributes impacting the yoghurts overall liking. In accordance with the logistic models, overall acceptance and purchase intent could be predicted with 81.94 and 85.49% accuracy, respectively. The logistic regression indicated that taste was the attribute that contributed significantly (P < 0.0001) to higher scores for purchase intent and was considered the driver of acceptance.     

How much do incentives affect car purchase? Agent-based microsimulation of consumer choice of new cars—Part I: Model structure,simulation of bounded rationality,and model validation

This article presents an agent-based microsimulation capable of forecasting the effects of policy levers that influence individual choices of new passenger cars. The fundamental decision-making units are households distinguished by sociodemographic characteristics and car ownership. A two-stage model of individual decision processes is employed. In the first stage, individual choice sets are constructed using simple, non-compensatory rules that are based on previously owned cars. Second, decision makers evaluate alternatives in their individual choice set using a multi-attributive weighting rule. The attribute weights are based on a multinomial logit model for cross-country policy analysis in European countries. Additionally, prospect theory and the notion of mental accounting are used to model the perception of monetary values. The microsimulation forecasts actual market observations with high accuracy, both on the level of aggregate market characteristics as well as on a highly resolved level of distributions of market shares. The presented approach is useful for the assessment of policies that influence individual purchase decisions of new passenger cars; it allows accounting for a highly resolved car fleet and differentiated consumer segments. As a result, the complexity of incentive schemes can be represented and detailed structural changes can be investigated.