Cost Performance Comparison of Two Public Sector Project Procurement Techniques

Increased industry discussion of the potential benefits of alternative forms of construction project delivery often presents little cost analysis of options. This work presents the results of a cost comparison study of completed public sector municipal facilities design and construction projects—a portion of which delivered using a traditional design-bid-build procurement approach and a portion of which delivered using the procurement technique of a negotiated lump sum construction contracts with in-house construction forces. The study compares costs for all phases of all the projects (design, bid and award, construction, and total project cost) across both methods of project procurement. Conclusions examine the cost trade-offs of using negotiated contracts with in-house forces, outline key success factors identified through this study in order to optimize the use of this form of project procurement, and identify areas for future research.     

电子专用设备模块化设计的研究

论述了模块化设计方法及电子专用设备设计的实际特点,并结合模块化设计在电子专用设备研制中的实际应用,阐明了模块化设计的实用性和指导性以及现实意义。     

The Principle and Reflection on Determining the Mails'''' Whole Delivery Standard of Time Bound in the Postal Central Office System

1　ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＣｈｉｎｅｓｅｐｏｓｔａｌｓｅｒｖｉｃｅｗｉｌｌｃｏｎｔｉｎｕｅｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｉｎｇａｒｏｕｎｄｉｎｔｈｅ ｐｅｒｉｏｄｏｆｔｈｅＴｅｎｔｈｆｉｖｅ ｙｅａｒｐｌａｎ(2 0 0 1 - 2 0 0 5) .Ｃｈｉｎａｐｏｓｔｗｉｌｌｐｕｔｆｏｒｗａｒｄａｓｅｒｉｅｓｏｆａｄｊｕｓｔｍｅｎｔｓａｂｏｕｔｍａｉｌｓ ｃａｔｅｇｏｒｉｅｓａｎｄｔｈｅｓｔｒｕｃ ｔｕｒｅｏｆｐｏｓｔａｌｃｏｍｍｕｎｉｃａｔｉｏｎｎｅｔｗｏｒｋｓｉｎｏｒｄｅｒｔｏｉｍｐｒｏｖｅｔｈｅｐｏｓｔａｌｃｅｎｔｒａｌｏｆｆｉ…     

Nucleic-Acid-Templated Synthesis of Smart Polymer Vectors for Gene Delivery

Nucleic acids are information-rich and readily available biomolecules, which can be used to template the polymerization of synthetic macromolecules. Here, we highlight the control over the size, composition, and sequence one can nowadays obtain by using this methodology. We also highlight how templated processes exploiting dynamic covalent polymerization can, in return, result in therapeutic nucleic acids fabricating their own dynamic delivery vector – a biomimicking concept that can provide original solutions for gene therapies.     

用户光盘的分发与应用

介绍了适用于用户光盘分发的便携式（ＰＤＦ）文件及其创建方法，并提出了创建过程中应用技巧与体会。     

实行温馨产房缩短产程的观察和体会

本文对50例温馨产房分娩产妇观察,从几方面分析,造成产妇产程延长和缓解产妇紧张心理以缩短产程的对比。提倡实行温馨产房,使产妇保持良好的心理状态,在整个分娩过程中,缩短产程,保证母婴安全,是产科医护人员的一项重要任务。     

Using Benchmarks and Metrics to Evaluate Project Delivery of Environmental Restoration Programs

The United States is in the middle of a large environmental restoration effort that is hampered by a lack of knowledge on how to measure the performance of the project delivery process. This study evaluates one environmental restoration program’s ability to deliver projects: the Environmental Management Program (EMP), a federally sponsored program managed by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. Project performance metrics are compiled and used to measure two types of program improvements made in project delivery: trend improvements over time, and the ability to reach established benchmarks. The benchmarks come from both agency guidance and construction industry benchmarks. The metrics measure the program’s ability to accurately estimate the required resources (time and money) to accomplish the project, estimate the cost to operate and maintain the project, and meet the customers’ design requirements. To build the metrics, estimates from the project planning documents are compared against the actual results. Currently, the Corps of Engineers has established some benchmarks and does evaluate projects for design success, but the benchmarks do not include all aspects of project delivery and are not universally applied. Analysis of the metrics shows that the Corps has made improvements in the delivery of projects, but some major components of the process should be improved. Establishing benchmarks would provide the Corps with information to improve the project delivery of the EMP and other environmental restoration programs across the country. This study provides an example of applying business principles to a governmental program.     

重型机床垂向导轨副应用恒流闭式静压导轨的设计

介绍了静压导轨的特点和应用状况,全面阐述了将静压导轨技术应用于重型机床垂向导轨副的设计过程,包括工作原理、油膜刚度、油腔布置、供油回油系统、系统调试测试及该技术的应用成果和范围。     

Refueling-station costs for metal hydride storage tanks on board hydrogen fuel cell vehicles

Refueling costs account for much of the fuel cost for light-duty hydrogen fuel-cell electric vehicles. We estimate cost savings for hydrogen dispensing if metal hydride (MH) storage tanks are used on board instead of 700-bar tanks. We consider a low-temperature, low-enthalpy scenario and a high-temperature, high-enthalpy scenario to bracket the design space. The refueling costs are insensitive to most uncertainties. Uncertainties associated with the cooling duty, coolant pump pressure, heat exchanger (HX) fan, and HX operating time have little effect on cost. The largest sensitivities are to tank pressure and station labor. The cost of a full-service attendant, if the refueling interconnect were to prevent self-service, is the single largest cost uncertainty. MH scenarios achieve $0.71–$0.75/kg-H₂ savings by reducing compressor costs without incurring the cryogenics costs associated with cold-storage alternatives. Practical refueling station considerations are likely to affect the choice of the MH and tank design.     

The effect of integration on project delivery team effectiveness

This paper investigates the impact that integration can have on teamwork effectiveness within construction project delivery teams. The level of team integration was assessed within selected award-winning delivery teams of completed projects. A similar assessment was made of teamwork effectiveness achieved within the same project teams. The findings of this research reveal that teams with different levels of integration had the same or similar levels of teamwork effectiveness. Thus whilst integration is desirable, it is not the only requirement or condition for improved teamwork within a construction sector context. The findings suggest that the role and value of integration in project teams is unclear relative to other performance enhancing approaches. Further research is recommended to identify the factors and conditions that influence the direct impact of integration on teamwork effectiveness within the project delivery team.