菱形磁介质参数对磁场特性的影响

为考察菱形磁介质表面的磁场特性随其顶角α的变化趋势,采用ANSYS软件模拟了不同顶角角度下的菱形磁介质在不同背景磁感应强度下的磁场特性。结果表明：背景磁感应强度为0.2 T时,菱形聚磁介质表面产生的磁场强度、磁场梯度和磁场力均随α的增加而降低;背景磁感应强度大于0.2 T时,菱形磁介质表面产生的磁场强度、磁场梯度和磁场力均随α的增加呈先提高后降低的趋势,并且在达到极值前随α的增加缓慢提高,达到极值后随α的增加快速降低。磁介质顶角α增加使得介质有效迎磁面积增大,这有利于提高介质的聚磁能力,表现为磁场强度、磁场梯度和磁场力的提高,但有效迎磁面积太大会使磁力线分布更为分散,导致磁场强度、磁场梯度和磁场力的降低。在低背景磁感应强度下,聚磁能力始终小于分散磁场力的作用,表现为磁场强度、磁场梯度、磁场力随介质顶角的增加先缓慢下降后快速下降;在高背景磁场强度下,α小于某角度时,聚磁作用大于分散磁场力作用,α大于这个角度时,聚磁作用小于分散磁场力作用,表现为磁场强度、磁场梯度、磁场力随介质顶角的增加先缓慢提高后快速下降。     

HFETR十年运行对公众辐射危害分析

根据高通量工程试验堆(HFETR)十年运行期间放射性流出物的排放量、剂量学模式与参数、以及危害估算模式,对堆址80km 范围内公众的有效剂量和辐射危害进行了计算和分析。辐射危害的最大个人危险1.34×10~(-10)—2.24×10~(-7),为可忽略的危害水平,且低于我国不同产业非辐射死亡的个人危险(10~(-5)—10~(-3));而群体危险8.45×10~(-7)—2.88×10~(-3)人·a~(-1),与堆址 80km 范围非辐射致死性癌症死亡人数(3.44—3.78)×10~3人·a~(-1)相比,也是可以忽略的。     

“拟原位”法测定积炭催化剂有效扩散系数

用新设计的单片反应器制备积炭催化剂试样,与动态法测定催化剂微孔有效扩散系数的装置相配合,并采用以水为吸附介质的动态毛细凝聚法和毛细上升法测定积炭催化剂压片的孔隙率,实现了积炭催化剂粒内有效扩散系数的“拟原位”测定要求,避免了催化剂颗粒反应积炭后再研磨、压片对有效扩散系数测定带来的假象。本文利用提出的“拟原位”方法得到了ZSM-5沸石催化剂上乙苯/乙烯烷基化过程中反应-失活全过程的有效扩散系数变化曲线。     

Neutron flux characterization of the SM1 sub-critical multiplying complex of the Pavia University

SM1 is a thermal Sub-critical Multiplication complex located at the University of Pavia (Italy) and, since its installation in 1962, has been utilized mainly for radiochemistry research. This work focuses on the characterization, by means of the Monte Carlo code MCNP and direct measurements, of the neutron flux distribution inside the complex and on the calculation of the effective multiplicative coefficient (k_eff) in the current SM1 thermal configuration. For two specific irradiation channels, experimental measurements of the neutron fluxes were performed by foils activation technique and neutron spectrum de-convolution based on the SAND II code. Measurements have been compared with the simulation results showing a good agreement. Furthermore, a comparison between the preliminary results of the simulations of the SM1 plant in fast configuration, characterized by a solid lead diffuser, and the actual thermal configuration is also presented. The fast configuration of SM1, if implemented, will give the opportunity to carry out preliminary studies for the analysis of sub-critical fast-neutron installations and their applications.     

Design of pseudo-ternary and quaternary alloys by superlattices consisting of (zn,cd)(s,se) binary ii–vi compounds

Theoretical design of pseudo-ternary and quaternary alloys by superlattice structures consisting of (Zn,Cd)(S,Se) binary II–VI compounds has been studied. For pseudo-ternary ZnCdS and ZnCdSe alloys, the superlattices with two layers in a cycle, i.e., ZnS/CdS and ZnSe/CdSe are considered, and for pseudo-quaternary ZnCdSSe alloy, the two superlattice structures with more than two layers in a cycle are considered. In order to design and evaluate these superlattices, the expression for the equilibrium in-plane lattice constant of these superlattices has been derived by minimizing the total elastic strain energy in the cycle. The combinations of layer thicknesses in a cycle and the effective bandgap of these superlattices have been calculated while the elastic strain effect was included. The usefulness of these superlattice structures has been evaluated.     

基于模糊逻辑的CCPN瞬时引发速率求解方法

瞬时引发速率是连续Petri网模型分析的基础和关键。引入模糊理论提出了一种基于模糊决策的迁移优先权的模糊综合评价模型，实现了迁移优先权的动态计算。提出了基于线性规划方法的瞬时引发速率的求解算法，解决了有效冲突情形下瞬时引发速率的求解问题。实例表明了所提出方法的有效性。     

由民用建筑锅炉房水雾喷头布置引发的思考

对《水喷雾灭火系统设计规范》中有效射程提出了不同的观点。阐述了理论计算与特性曲线之间的关系 ,论述了喷头平面布置间距及喷口与保护对象距离的直接计算方法 ,并对以建筑物为防护对象时的保护面积与喷头喷口距离的确定提出了建议 ,指出了目前国产水雾喷头特性曲线中存在的问题。呼吁行业主管部门尽快制定产品统一技术标准 ,以确保水喷雾灭火系统的安全运行     

Thin-Layer Drying Characteristics and Quality Evaluation of Air-Dried Ganoderma Tsugae Murrill

Ganoderma is normally dried to extend its shelf life without using chemical preservative and to concentrate the medicinal value in the fruiting body. Convective hot air drying characteristics of Ganoderma tsugae Murrill were evaluated in hot air circulated oven at different drying temperatures, sizes, and air flow rates. The drying kinetics of Ganoderma tsugae in kidney shape and slices were investigated and compared at different drying conditions. The variation of effective moisture diffusivity values at decreasing moisture contents during drying was determined from the drying data. Four well-known thin-layer drying models were fitted to the experimental data and the Midilli model was found to satisfactory describe the drying characteristics of kidney-shaped Ganoderma tsugae. Ganoderma tsugae dried at 50°C with air velocity of 1.401 ms^?1 showed the highest retention of crude ganoderic acid content compared to other drying conditions.     

Investigation of Ozone Concentration Measurement by Visible Photo Absorption Method

The measurement of ozone concentration based on the visible photo absorption method is investigated. An LED having an emission peak at 609 nm and a photo diode sensitive at visible light frequencies are used as the light source and the photo detector, respectively. The transmittance is measured as a function of ozone concentration, which is in reasonable agreement with the Beer–Lambert relationship. The effective absorption cross-section can therefore be estimated from the fitting procedure. The concentrations determined by both the UV and visible photo absorptions agree well with each other in the range from 7.1 to 68.4 g/m³(N). The relative error in these concentrations is discussed on the basis of the Twyman–Lothian curve. The ozone measurement for the air-fed ozone generation is also investigated. The effect of photo absorption due to NOx species is unavoidable. The present results provide useful data if the ozone measurement based on the visible photo absorption method is applied to ozone monitoring instruments or used for laboratory experiments.