Exercise and postprandial lipid metabolism – an analysis of the current evidence

Exaggerated levels of postprandial lipaemia are implicated in the atherosclerotic disease process and are a risk marker for cardiovascular disease. Postprandial lipaemia is reduced following an exercise session and the energy expended during exercise is an important determinant of the extent of triglyceride (TG) lowering. Interestingly, the TG‐lowering effect of an exercise session cannot be replicated by restricting energy intake to elicit a similar level of energy deficit. It seems likely that the low levels of postprandial lipaemia experienced by endurance‐trained individuals are largely due to the TG‐lowering effects of individual exercise sessions, rather than long‐term training adaptations, although trained individuals may also benefit from the hypotriglyceridaemic effects of having low levels of body fat. Increased lipoprotein lipase‐mediated TG clearance and reduced hepatic TG secretion are both likely to contribute to the TG reductions seen following an exercise session, but the relative importance of these two mechanisms is likely to depend on a number of factors including the energy expended during exercise and the training status of the exercising subject. Further study is needed to determine the effectiveness of exercise in reducing postprandial lipaemia in groups at increased risk for cardiovascular disease and to assess the impact of these lipoprotein changes on other aspects of cardiovascular risk.     

PowerPointVBA技术在多媒体教学练习课件中的运用

PowerPoint2003是一个广泛应用于多媒体课件制作的软件。用PowerPointVBA技术设计制作“认知练习”教学多媒体交互课件,不仅有助于增强教学效果,而且还有助于激发学生的学习积极性。     

高职院校体育课程改革初探

高等职业教育以满足国家和社会需求为目标，以能力培养为重点。学校体育作为学校教育的重要部分，课程建设与改革不能脱离学校的培养目标，通过对休育课程的改革，实现优化体育教育的目标。     

Effects of endurance exercise on the urinary proteome analyzed by 2-D PAGE and Orbitrap MS

Purpose : Exercise‐induced proteinuria is a well‐known phenomenon and the influence of parameters such as intensity and duration was studied extensively. Usually, total protein or albumin was measured for diagnosis of a proteinuria, and the present study was performed to search for qualitative differences in the urinary proteome before and after endurance exercise. Experimental design : Urine samples were concentrated and proteins separated by means of 2‐D PAGE. Proteins differing in the investigated groups were identified by nano‐UPLC‐Orbitrap MS after trypsin digestion. Results : The study yielded several proteins such as hemopexin, albumin, orosomucoid 1, transferrin or carbonic anhydrase 1 that were elevated after a marathon run in comparison to a control group. These are linked to physiological changes resulting from endurance exercise such as destruction of erythrocytes or increased fat metabolism. On the contrary, 2‐D PAGE profiles of athletes at rest did not differ from those of control samples. Conclusions and clinical relevance: The study is a starting point to build up individual 2‐D PAGE protein maps of athletes. Further studies will investigate intra‐individual differences and further exercise parameters, which potentially lead to a physiological monitoring system for athletes in training and competition and may also complement the blood passport in doping control.     

基于对象设计的远程作业系统

文章介绍了一个远程作业系统的分析与设计过程，重点介绍系统中重要对象[1]的抽取及其关系的分析，给出各个关联对象之间的关系图．并通过对对象关系的分析，设计出类的详细结构，文章最后给出各对象之间关系的实现过程。     

空气流动对室内健康体育运动人体热舒适的影响及设计策 略研究

本文通过实验室实验、主观问卷和 能耗模拟的方法,研究室内健康体育运动中 空气流动对运动状态下人体热舒适的影响及 其节能效果,得出以下结论：运动状态下人体 对温度和风速均有更大的接受和适应范围; 运动强度增加时对风速的需求增加,气流可 通过增加人体表面蒸发和对流散热量而补偿 环境温度的升高,在保证人体舒适的同时显 著节约建筑制冷能耗。基于以上结论探讨了 采用空气流动时室内健康体育运动空间热环 境设计和改进策略。     

化工原理习题课的教学实践与探讨

化工原理是化工类专业的一门主干技术基础课,习题课是化工原理理论课教学中的重要环节。本文根据作者的教学实践体会,认为教师应从单元总结、解题与分析点评、总结讨论三个环节来完成习题课的教学,并对选题和教学方式及手段进行了探讨。     

空间练习之装配部件教学方法

本文是对布鲁斯·埃里克·朗曼20世纪80年代中在俄亥俄州大学建筑系的基础设计课程的文本整理。该课程直接源自于德州骑警的基本理念以及设计教学法,是其后继发展之一。对该课程的了解有助于我们更好地认识＂德州骑警＂对美国当时建筑教育的影响。该课程也是一个如何运用装配部件教学法进行空间训练的很好示范。     

基于运动生理学的山地居住区步行空间形态的研究——以恩施市连珠畔岛小区步行轴线上的空间形态为例

山地居住区地形复杂,居民的出行方式主要是步行,影响居民出行方式的一个重要因素就是出行的舒适性,步行的体能消耗是影响舒适性的生理指标。该文将居民的生理因素与山地居住区步行空间的形态有机结合起来,根据运动生理学的相关理论,建立山地步行体能消耗的相关模型,总结了山地步行中坡度、速度、距离以及高差之间的关系,探讨了结合运动生理学的山地居住区步行空间形态的设计方法,并以恩施市连珠畔岛小区的步行轴线上的空间形态为例进行分析。