苹果多酚的促排铅功效研究

采用小鼠腹腔注射乙酸铅溶液10d,建立染铅小鼠模型,连续15d灌胃给予苹果多酚,研究苹果多酚的促排铅作用。石墨炉原子吸收法测试血铅、尿铅、粪铅和股骨、肝脏中铅含量。结果表明:染毒小鼠给予苹果多酚后,血铅和股骨、肝脏中铅含量明显低于阳性对照组,而尿铅明显高于阳性对照组。苹果多酚具有明显的促排铅效果。     

预处理对增加红富士苹果细胞壁物质降解和出汁率的影响

为了通过简便易行的预处理增强果实细胞壁物质降解,提高苹果果实出汁率。文中测定了500mg/L乙烯利(E_1)和100mg/L乙烯利配合60℃热水(E_2)处理,对红富士果实堆放期细胞壁酶活性、细胞壁物质含量和出汁率的影响。结果表明:E_1使其果胶甲酯酶(PME)、纤维素酶(CS)活性高峰分别比对照提前6、3d,多聚半乳糖醛酸酶(PG)活性在前15d持续高于对照,木聚糖酶(Xyl)活性基本不变;处理12d后,果实细胞壁多糖中果胶类多糖、半纤维素类多糖和细胞壁残渣多糖含量分别下降到对照的80.1%、70.4%和75.7%;处理后9～18d,红富士苹果的出汁率较对照提高2.3%～4.0%;E_2抑制了果实PME活性,却普遍增强了0～6d内PG、Xyl、CS活性,亦促进了各类细胞壁物质的降解,0～9d内果实出汁率较对照高3.2%～7.1%。     

Characterisation of yoghurt enriched with polyunsaturated fatty acids by using walnut slurry

This study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical, chemical, rheological, sensorial and microbiological properties of yoghurt enriched with polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). The PUFA‐enriched yoghurt was prepared with walnut slurry (10%?50%) and skimmed milk (50%?90%). Compared with the control yoghurt, it contained a lower content of protein, potassium, sodium and phosphorus, and a higher content of fat, iron, magnesium and zinc. Moreover, it exhibited a lower syneresis value and a higher water‐holding capacity value. Its fat was rich in omega fatty acids, mainly linoleic and linolenic acids. These research findings revealed that walnut slurry could be used in yoghurt manufacture to develop fermented milk products as functional foods, especially when enriched with omega fatty acids.     

Enhanced preservation effects of sugar apple fruits by salicylic acid treatment during post‐harvest storage

BACKGROUND: Salicylic acid (SA) is recognised as an endogenous signal, mediating in plant defense and against pathogens. It has been reported that SA treatment can reduce decay and extend storage life of various fruit, such as bananas, peaches and apples. RESULTS: Physiological and biochemical responses in harvested sugar apple fruit (Annona squamosa L.) to SA at 0.4, 0.8 and 1.2 mmol L^?1 were investigated during post‐harvest storage. Results indicated that SA treatments lowered respiration, increased activities of antioxidant enzymes of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX), decreased lipoxygenase (LOX) activity and correspondingly lowered Malondialdehyde (MDA) contents in treated fruits was observed as compared to the control. Moreover, production of superoxide free radical (O₂^{?, ?}) and ethylene was significantly decreased in the treated fruits. Total soluble solids, total soluble sugar, softness and decay rate were significantly lowered in treated fruits, and in turn a delay in the fruits ripening process was achieved after 10 days of storage. CONCLUSION: SA has positive effects in maintaining membrane integrity and in delaying fruit ripening process, which results in improved storability of sugar apple. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry     

高V_C红枣保健软糖的工艺研究

用真空低温干燥法加工的干红枣为原料生产出高VC的红枣汁,以此红枣汁为主要原料,以魔芋和琼脂为复配凝胶剂制备红枣软糖。通过研究红枣汁、凝胶剂、糖液及柠檬酸各自添加量对红枣软糖加工工艺的影响,获得了最佳的工艺配方,研制出了色泽纯正、口味独特、VC含量较高的红枣保健软糖。     

两次压榨与酶解结合提取菠萝果汁工艺技术研究

本文研究了果胶酶和纤维素酶对菠萝出汁率的影响.最适工艺条件为:果胶酶(活力单位为353.13 U/mL)用量为0.05%,纤维素酶(活力单位为10000U/g)用量为0.025%,时间为1 h,温度为35℃.同时对不同提汁工艺对菠萝渣出汁率的影响进行了研究,确定二次压榨与酶处理结合提汁法可以提高出汁率15.94%.     

包装材料对苹果浓缩汁贮藏期非酶褐变的影响

研究了苹果浓缩汁贮藏过程中,3种包装材料对褐变指数(A420)、氨基态氮、还原糖和5-羟甲基糠醛含量的影响。结果表明,3种包装材料对苹果浓缩汁的非酶褐变阻遏作用玻璃瓶最佳;20d内,PE/TIE/PA/TIE/PE5层共挤蒸煮袋>PE(聚乙烯)袋;20d后,PE袋>蒸煮袋。     

固相萃取-高效液相色谱法测定苹果汁及其饮料中展青霉素的含量

建立固相萃取-高效液相色谱法测定苹果汁及其饮料中展青霉素含量的检测方法。样品经预处理后,采用固相萃取柱净化处理,以乙腈-水作为流动相,C18色谱柱分离,二极管阵列检测器进行检测。结果表明：方法检出限为8 μg/kg,方法定量限为25 μg/kg;展青霉素标准溶液在50.0～500.0 μg/L质量浓度范围内,决定系数R2为0.999 6;样品中展青霉素含量为25～100 μg/kg时,回收率在90.2%～102.8%之间,精密度（变异系数）为0.57%～1.44%。此方法准确度较高,成本适中,操作较简便,适合苹果浓缩汁生产企业用于产品安全自控。     

苹果渣可溶性膳食纤维提取工艺的研究

研究采用了酸性及碱性提取法从苹果渣中制备可溶性膳食纤维,利用正交试验设计确定了最佳提取工艺条件,提取酸溶性膳食纤维的最佳工艺条件是pH1.0、温度90℃、液料比15∶1(mL/g)、反应时间60min提取率为17.49%;碱溶性膳食纤维的最佳工艺条件是温度90℃、碱液浓度2.0%、反应时间60min、液料比2∶1(mL/g),提取率可达16.93%。     

自动进样顶空气相色谱法测定浓缩果汁中的乙醇

建立了测定浓缩果汁中乙醇含量的自动进样顶空气相色谱分析方法。对实验条件进行了优化。实验结果表明该方法线性范围宽，标准曲线相关系数为0．99908，平均回收率为98．01～101．86％，相对标准偏差均小于2．5％，方法的重现性好；另外，该方法简便、快速、准确，应用于浓缩果汁的测定结果满意。