Nano boron nitride laminated poly(ethyl methacrylate)/poly(vinyl alcohol) composite films imprinted with silver nanoparticles as gas barrier and bacteria resistant packaging materials

Herein, nano boron nitride (BN) laminated poly(ethyl methacrylate) (PEMA)/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) nanocomposite films are fabricated by using a simple in situ polymerization technique with incorporation of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs). Structural investigations of PEMA/PVA/Ag@BN nanocomposite thin films are carried out by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, X-ray diffraction analysis, ¹H nuclear magnetic resonance, ¹³C nuclear magnetic resonance, and mass spectrometry. The change in morphology of PEMA/PVA matrix due to the reinforcement of BN platelets are identified by electron microscopic studies. The unique tortuous paths are achieved by the dispersion of BN platelets by which gas penetration is restricted with enhancing the barrier properties of the material by 6.5 folds at 5 wt% BN content as compared with neat PEMA/PVA. Acid and alkali resistant along with biodegradability behavior of as-synthesized nanocomposites are studied. From limiting oxygen index (LOI) results, it is found that the prepared materials are fire retardant in nature owing to effective reinforcement of BN layers. Antibacterial activities of PEMA/PVA/Ag@BN nanocomposite are studied by Xanthomonas citri or axonopodis pv. Citri, Escherichia coli, and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. Oryzae because of Ag NPs reinforcement. The substantial improvements in gas barrier, fire retardant, and antibacterial properties enable the materials for packaging application.     

反应堆压力容器退役包装屏蔽方案初探北大核心CSCD

为保证核电反应堆压力容器安全退役,本文以国内最早运行的秦山一期反应堆压力容器源项为参考,模拟设计保持压力容器完整和切割压力容器两种包装屏蔽方案,通过估算两种方案下废物体积、包装成本、运输及处置成本,对比分析发现切割压力容器方案更佳。研究成果可为核电站退役工作提供支持。     

食品中的化学污染

简要介绍了食品化学污染的多种途径、类别、危害以及控制食品安全应采取的措施和食品安全今后发展的方向。     

提高全民对食品营养及安全的认知是解决食品安全总是的关键

本文结合最近发生的食品安全事件及婴幼儿食品的营养及安全问题,指出食品安全问题在我国大有日趋严重之势,并建议国家有关部门、媒体和社会各界共同配合,对广大消费者和食品生产者进行食品营养和食品安全知识和法规的教育及宣传,以提高他们的认知水平,这是解决食品安全问题的关键.     

婴儿断乳配方食品的研究

运用线性规划法设计了婴幼儿断乳配方食品, 应用粉末油脂有效地解决了ＶＡ，ＶＤ的添加和营养油氧化酸化酸败的问题。     

A comparative study of different DNA barcoding markers for the identification of some members of Lamiacaea

The objective of the present work is to evaluate the efficacy of a DNA barcoding approach as a tool for the recognition of commercial kitchen spices belonging to the Lamiaceae family that are usually sold as enhancers of food flavor. A total of 64 spices samples, encompassing six different genera (i.e. Mentha, Ocimum, Origanum, Salvia, Thymus and Rosmarinus) were processed with a classical DNA barcoding approach by amplifying and sequencing four candidate barcode regions (rpoB, rbcL, matK and trnH-psbA) with universal primers. Results suggest that the non-coding trnH-psbA intergenic spacer is the most suitable marker for molecular spices identification followed by matK, with interspecific genetic distance values ranging between about 0% to 7% and 0% to 5%, respectively. Both markers were almost invariably able to distinguish spices species from closest taxa with the exclusion of samples belonging to the genus Oregano. Moreover, in a context of food traceability the two markers are useful to identify commercial processed spice species (sold as dried plant material). We also evaluated the potential benefits of a multilocus barcode approach over a single-marker and although the most suitable combination was the matK + trhH-psbA, the observed genetic distances values were very similar to the discriminatory performance of the trnH-psbA. Finally, this preliminary work provide clear evidences that the efficacy of a DNA barcoding approach to the recognition of commercial spices is biased by the occurrence of taxonomic criticisms as well as traces of hybridization events within the family Lamiaceae. For this reason, to better define a more practical and standardized DNA barcoding tool for spices traceability, the building of a dedicated aromatic plants database in which all species and cultivars are described (both morphologically and molecularly) is strongly required.     

对食源性疾病病例定义确定原则的探讨

为提高食源性疾病的诊断水平，通过对国内外制定食源性疾病病例定义的具体实践的研究，提出了确定食源性疾病病例定义的5项原则：1．要全面考虑病例定义的基本要素和基本内容，综合分析流行病学资料、潜伏期和临床表现、现场卫生学调查情况和实验室检验结果；2．要以客观临床体征和实验室检验指标为主，但要考虑实际情况；3．要注意精神诱导因素和伪装“发病”，不能轻信主观症状，及时予以排除；4．对中毒或感染餐次不明或肇事单位不明的食源性疾病事件，要确定最初病例定义和最终病例定义，一旦通过流行病学调查确定了中毒或感染餐次或肇事单位，则排除确实未在最终确定的中毒或感染餐次或肇事单位进食的发病；5．要事先考虑、科学解释可能出现的不符合工作假设和最终病例定义的发病情况。     

对2005年度中国食品科学技术学会第四届年会论文的分析

对2005年度中国食品科学技术学会第四届年会论文征集情况作了简要的说明;分析了这些论文所涉及的研究领域与研究方向,从而揭示了我国当前食品及相关科学的研究现状与发展趋势。     

谈《食品卫生法》中行政管理相对人的法律义务和法律责任的对等问题

运用法学理论，阐述法律义务和法律责任对等的涵义和必要性，分析了《食品卫生法》中行政管理相对人在两者之间的不对等现象并提出了相应建议。     

Past,present and future activities in food hygiene of the Veterinary Public Health Unit (VPH) of the World Health Organization

The paper contains a review of the activities in the field of food hygiene performed by the Veterinary Public Health Unit of WHO in close collaboration with other divisions and programmes of the Organization. It gives a general understanding about the purpose and objectives of such activities in the past and present, and near future. The paper mentions the most important achievements which were reached by the Organization in meat and milk hygiene, fish and shellfish hygiene, surveillance of foodborne diseases, microbiological specifications for foods, food virology education and training in food hygiene and elaboration of a strategy on prevention and control of foodborne diseases due to food of animal origin. The paper contains 44 references, the majority of which are still available at the World Health Organization.