Comparison of four global FAPAR datasets over Northern Eurasia for the year 2000

The Fraction of Absorbed Photosynthetically Active Radiation (FAPAR) has been identified as one of several key satellite-derived biophysical datasets. With multiple global FAPAR datasets now available and a lack of in-situ measurements and comparison studies in the far north, this study attempts to provide the reader with an indication of the performance of four global FAPAR datasets (MODIS, CYCLOPES, JRC and GLOBCARBON) over Northern Eurasia in the year 2000 via comparison. Within the year 2000 growing season, both the MODIS and CYCLOPES datasets recorded on average similar but substantially higher values than the JRC and GLOBCARBON datasets. Among three of the four datasets, a high level of agreement in deciduous broadleaf forests and croplands was observed. Largest disagreement occurred among needleleaf forests and grassland/shrubland. Potential reasons for discrepancies among the datasets include different retrieval methods, use of LAI and land cover, snow effects and others. Findings from this study and other published results suggest that overall, JRC best captures FAPAR over northern Eurasia in the year 2000. However, when considering individual landcover types, any one or more of the four products may be suitable. There exists a real need for more in-situ measurements in this region — the lack of such measurements makes evaluation extremely difficult. It appears that areas north of 60° urgently require further investigation.     

放射性废物水泥固化体浸出试验的比对

本文总结了1983年6月至7月进行的放射性废物水泥固化体浸出试验的比对工作。这次比对有6个单位7个实验室参加,比对试验条件基本上按照“放射性废物固化体长期浸出试验”(标准讨论稿)中的规定。比对结果表明,各实验室第42天宋总β累积浸出分数的平均值之间的最大偏差为±20%,同时也表明“标准讨论稿”基本上是可行的。     

Properties of seawater with ice slurry use in focus

Seawater is the most common fluid on earth and ice generating machines are increasingly used on fishing vessels to produce ice slurry from seawater with up to 60% ice to be poured over the catch. In this study, a literature search has been made to establish physical property data of seawater as function of salinity and temperature. Ice slurry properties of seawater have been generated and are presented by means of an enthalpy-phase diagram and related tables with ice concentration, enthalpy change and density. This material confirms that an initial salt content of 2–3 % is optimal and it can help determine the potential for long preservation of catch on board and during transport, improving seafood quality. As seawater is known to be corrosive, a brief discussion on corrosion factors and problems, the use of corrosion inhibitors and choice of materials is included in this paper.     

高河能源高瓦斯综放工作面瓦斯防控体系研究

为解决高瓦斯综放工作面瓦斯超限难题,针对高河矿W1309综放面实际地质条件和开采技术水平,在分析W1309综放面双U型通风系统的基础上,结合Y型通风方式在防治综放面瓦斯超限的优势,提出“Y型通风+高抽巷”的工作面瓦斯防控模式。为充分发挥走向高抽巷的作用,运用Fluent软件对高抽巷不同垂距、不同平距下Y型通风工作面瓦斯分布规律进行数值模拟。结果表明：当高抽巷布置于煤层底板之上30m,与回风顺槽平距为25m的裂隙带中时,瓦斯抽采效果最好,抽采纯量达到18.52m_³/min,抽采浓度最高,可达8.11%,且上隅角瓦斯浓度最低0.61%。通过现场监测记录数据,得出现场数据与模拟值基本吻合,验证了数值模拟结果的可靠性,为工作面瓦斯防控体系的升级提供了理论指导。     

Optimal design for inspection and maintenance policy based on the CCC chart

In this paper, the concept of cumulative count of conforming chart (CCC chart) is applied in inspection and maintenance planning for systems where minor inspection, major inspection, minor maintenance and major maintenance are available. Several inspection and maintenance plans are defined and studied quantitatively. Analytic expressions of relevant statistics and their expectations are derived. These inspection and maintenance plans are optimized from an economic consideration.     

聚甲基丙烯酸十八酯的制备及吸油性能

采用悬浮聚合法合成聚甲基丙烯酸十八酯，研究了聚合温度、引发剂用量、交联剂用量及种类对吸油树脂性能的影响。结果表明．当80℃反应6h、引发剂质量分数为0．7％、交联剂二乙烯基苯质量分数为0．3％时，所得树脂综合性能较好。     

The measurement of a process capability for folded normal process data

There are two approaches to estimate the nonconforming percentage and process capability indices which are commonly used to measure the ability of a process to manufacture products meeting a required specification. The most commonly used approaches are based on the assumption that the process is normally distributed. If the process is not normal with a skewed distribution, but normal-based techniques are used to estimate process capability indices or fraction nonconforming, serious errors can result. Basically, non-normal process data, such as folded normal process data, is common in mechanical industries. In this paper, we propose one procedure to evaluate the process capability from folded normal data, by solving the true process mean and process standard deviation of the underlying normal distribution. A numerical result based on the proposed approach is illustrated.     

孤岛减压渣油窄馏分缓和热转化

应用超临界流体精密分离技术排孤岛减压渣油分离成5个窄馏分，测定了各窄馏分的元素组成和化学族组成，考察了各宗馆分化学组成，氢碳比及残炭值对缓和热转化产物分布的影响，为合理选择孤岛减压渣油加工途径提供了一些基础数据．     

Advanced pressurelessly prepared adhesive composites based on modified preceramic polymer for the joining of amorphous SiBON ceramics

A series of polysilazane (PSZ)-based adhesives, which could be employed for high temperature environment in aerospace industry, were prepared to bind amorphous SiBON ceramics. It was found that the addition of dopants had a significant influence on the binding strength of samples, and physicochemical properties of adhesives were also closely correlated to their kinds and quantities. The fracture mechanism and phase transformation in joints were characterized. New phases including C₃N₄, Si₃N₄, SiC, BN, Si, ZrB₂ and amorphous SiCN, were formed with the increase of treatment temperature, influencing the binding strengths of samples. The maximum binding strength of joints could reach 16 MPa after heating at 1100 °C in N₂. The macroscopic and microscopic images of the fractured surface of joints and finite element analysis of the joint indicated that the failure of the joint occurred not only at the binding layer but also at the ceramic substrate. This work can serve as a guide for binding amorphous ceramic for high temperature environment.