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991.
Characterization of yam bean (Pachyrhizus spp.) Seeds as potential sources of high palmitic acid oil
W. J. Grüneberg F. D. Goffman L. Velasco 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1999,76(11):1309-1312
Seeds from 22 accessions of the yam bean species Pachyrhizus ahipa (14 accessions), P. erosus (5), and P. tuberosus (3) were investigated for oil and protein contents, fatty acid composition of the seed oil, and the total tocopherol content
and composition. Plants from the accessions were grown under greenhouse conditions during one (P. erosus and P. tuberosus) or two years (P. ahipa). The pattern of the investigated seed quality traits was very similar in the three species. Yam bean seeds were characterized
by high oil (from about 20 to 28% in one environment) and protein contents (from about 23 to 34%). Seed oil contained high
concentrations of palmitic (from about 25 to 30% of the total fatty acids), oleic (21 to 29%), and linoleic acids (35 to 40%).
Levels of linolenic acid were very low, from about 1.0 to 2.5%. Total tocopherol content was relatively low in P. erosus (from 249 to 585 mg kg−1 oil) and P. tuberosus (from 260 to 312 mg kg−1 oil) compared with the levels found in P. ahipa grown under identical conditions (508 to 858 mg kg−1 oil). In all the samples, γ-tocopherol was predominant, accounting for more than 90% of the total tocopherol content. The
combination of high oil and protein contents, together with high palmitic acid, low linolenic acid, and high γ-tocopherol
concentration, makes these crops an interesting alternative as sources of high palmitic acid oil for the food industry. 相似文献
992.
3,5-双三氟甲基苯甲酸[CAS:725-89-3]的合成是先通过1,3-二溴-5,5-二甲基乙内酰脲,与1,3-双三氟甲基苯生成3,5-双三氟甲基溴苯,收率98%,选择性99%.然后由3,5-双三氟甲基溴苯作原料来合成3,5-双三氟甲基苯甲酸,收率72%以上.本文讨论了不同反应摩尔比,反应温度等条件,并得到最优化条件. 相似文献
993.
用玻璃球负载纳米级SO42-/TiO2固体超强酸催化合成乙酸正丁酯,对催化剂的制备条件和乙酸正丁酯的合成条件进行了研究。在最佳反应条件下,乙酸的转化率为99.3%,催化剂重复使用8次后乙酸的转化率仍高达92.3%。该催化剂选择性好,未发现有副产物生成,看来具有较好的应用前景。 相似文献
994.
针对原富马酸重结晶过程中,漂浮物太多,产品粒度太小,导致重结晶收率低;改进重结晶工艺,使结晶收率达到95%以上,降低劳动强度,节能效果明显,质量明显改善。 相似文献
995.
以4,4′-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)为反应增容剂,采用熔融共混法制备了不同MDI含量的聚乳酸/热塑性聚氨酯(PLA/TPU)共混物,采用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)、万能试验机、冲击试验机、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)和旋转流变仪对共混物力学性能、微观形态、热性能和流变性能进行了研究。结果表明:MDI可以有效改善共混物的力学性能,当MDI质量分数为1%时,共混物力学性能最佳,缺口冲击强度为40.0kJ/m2,断裂伸长率为214.1%,与未加MDI的共混物相比,分别增加了4.3倍和5.8倍,拉伸强度稍有下降(47.6MPa);SEM表明,MDI的加入提高了共混物的相容性,加入MDI后,共混物的断面由海-岛结构变为核-壳包覆结构,相界面作用力增强;DSC测试表明,共混物的玻璃化转变温度、冷结晶温度和熔融温度随着MDI含量的增加而升高;流变测试表明,MDI质量分数的增加,共混物呈现更显著的剪切变稀行为,推测共混反应机理为:MDI质量分数的增加,体系内依次发生PLA的扩链、支化和TPU的交联。 相似文献
996.
用对羟基苯甲酸(p-HBzA)对壳寡糖(OCS)进行接枝改性,得到了对羟基苯甲酸接枝壳寡糖(p-HBz A-g-OCS)。将p-HBz A-g-OCS作为交联剂,与水性聚氨酯预聚体(PPU)聚合,合成了对羟基苯甲酸-壳寡糖改性水性聚氨酯(HOCS-WPU)。通过FTIR和UV-Vis证实了样品的结构;分别用DLS、力学性能分析、XRD、TGA、ABTS和DPPH自由基清除率对HOCS-WPU的性能进行了考察。结果显示:当加入质量分数为2%的p-HBz A-g-OCS(以合成PPU原料的总质量计)时,HOCS-WPU乳液粒径较小,为57.85nm,相比未改性WPU,HOCS-WPU胶膜的拉伸强度从14.03 MPa提高到16.85 MPa,结晶度从3.57%下降到3.45%;初始分解温度从204.6℃提高到216.7℃。自由基清除率测定结果显示:当HOCS-WPU的质量浓度为2.5 g/L时,该聚合物的ABTS和DPPH自由基的清除率分别达到了62%和35%,抗氧化活性相比未改性WPU明显提高。 相似文献
997.
介绍90 kt/a铜冶炼烟气制酸装置的设计和运行情况。采用三段式净化工艺与污水处理系统相结合, 有效地解决了用高砷、氟铜精砂生产硫酸的问题。采用多孔板支撑缩放管气体换热器与高蓄热能力的转化器相结合,在转化器进口平均φ(SO2)约4%,而生产负荷仅为设计能力(270t/d)的74%的条件下,转化系统仍能维持自热平衡。 相似文献
998.
K.?WarnerEmail author J.?A.?Laszlo 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2005,82(9):647-652
To determine antioxidative effects of ferulic acid and esterified ferulic acids, these compounds were added to soybean oils
(SBO), which were evaluated for oxidative stability and frying stability. Additives included feruloylated MAG and DAG (FMG/FDG),
ferulic acid, ethyl ferulate, and TBHQ. After frying tests with potato chips, oils were analyzed for retention of additives
and polar compounds. Chips were evaluated for hexanal and rancid odor. After 15 h frying, 71% of FMG/FDG was retained, whereas
55% of ethyl ferulate was retained. TBHQ and ferulic acid levels were 6% and <1%, respectively. Frying oils with ethyl ferulate
or TBHQ produced significantly less polar compounds than SBO with no additives. Chips fried in SBO with TBHQ or ferulic acid
had significantly lower amounts of hexanal and significantly less rancid odor after 8 d at 60°C than other samples. Oils were
also aged at 60°C, and stability was analyzed by PV, hexanal, and rancid odor. Oils with TBHQ or FMG/FDG had significantly
less peroxides and hexanal, and a lower rancid odor intensity than the control. FMG/FDG inhibited deterioration at 60°C, whereas
ethyl ferulate inhibited the formation of polar compounds in frying oil. Ferulic acid acted as an antioxidant in aged fried
food. TBHQ inhibited oil degradation at both temperatures.
Presented at the 94th AOCS Meeting & Expo, Kansas City, MO, May 4–7, 2003. 相似文献
999.
Dansyl cadaverine and polyethylene glycol (PEG) derivatives were grafted on the surface of EAA film and in its subsurface region through formation of amides and esters, respectively. A two-step reaction was conducted. First, EAA film was activated with PCl5 at room temperature. Second, the acid chloride was reacted with dansyl cadaverine or a PEG derivative to form a modified film. ATR-FTIR spectroscopy and fluorometry were employed to analyze the modified films after each step. It was found that dichloromethane yielded the highest grafting efficiency, with the dansyl cadaverine penetrating throughout the ATR-FTIR analysis region (∼400 nm) in a few minutes. As the grafting depth increased with time, so did the amount of fluorescence intensity of grafted dansyl cadaverine. ATR-FTIR spectra for PEG grafting indicated that the acid chloride peak decreased with time, while the ester peak increased. However, hydrolysis occurred at later times, consuming the acid chloride groups within the film. A marked decrease of static water contact angle was observed for EAA grafted with PEG99 (PEG that contains 99 ethylene glycol repeat units), almost 40° lower than that of neat EAA (∼99°). For other PEG-grafted films, the surface hydrophilicity was also improved. 相似文献
1000.
Jadranka?VarljenEmail author Lara?Baticic Gordana?Sincic-Modric Vojko?Obersnel Miljenko?Kapovic 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2004,81(8):759-763
Muscle tissue from the common two-banded sea bream Diplodus vulgaris L. originating from the Adriatic Sea, Croatia, was analyzed. The FA composition of neutral (TAG) and polar (PE, PC, PI/PS)
lipid classes was determined, as well as the lipid and water contents during winter and summer periods. Both the total lipid
and water contents were higher in the winter period. We identified 16 different FA. The major constituents of the total FA
in both seasons were saturates: palmitic (16∶0) and stearic acids (18∶0); monoenes: oleic (18∶1n−9) and palmitoleic acids
(16∶1n−7); and polyunsaturates: arachidonic acid (20∶4n−6), EPA (20∶5n−3), and DHA (22∶6n−3), but their amounts and ratios
differed significantly between the two seasons and between lipid fractions. The FA composition showed a noticeable pattern
of seasonality that reflected fluctuations mainly in TAG. The diminution of the monounsaturated FA content in the summer was
clearly followed by an increase in PUFA content. Diplodus vulgaris is a good source of natural n−3 PUFA and would therefore be suitable for inclusion in highly unsaturated low-fat diets. 相似文献