Experimental and in silico studies on three hydrophobic charge-induction adsorbents for porcine immunoglobulin purification

Three hydrophobic charge-induction adsorbents with functional ligands of 4-mercapto-ethyl-pyridine, 2-mercapto-methyl-imidazole or 2-mercapto-benzimidazole were evaluated in the purification of porcine immunoglobulin from porcine blood. Adsorption isotherms were studied under different pH conditions. The adsorbent with 2-mercapto-methyl-imidazole as the ligand showed reasonable adsorption capacity(43.60 mg·g~(-1)gel)with great selectivity and it also showed the best elution performance in chromatographic studies. A multi-pH step elution process was proposed for the 2-mercapto-methyl-imidazole adsorbent, and the results showed that high immunoglobulin purity(94.3%) and a yield of 9.8 mg·(ml plasma)~(-1) could be achieved under the optimal condition of loading(pH 5.0)–pre-elution(pH 7.0)–elution(pH 3.8). Moreover, molecular simulation was employed to help in analyzing the binding mechanism between the ligands and immunoglobulin, and the results showed that both 2-mercapto-benzimidazole and 2-mercapto-methyl-imidazole ligands were docked on the same pocket(around TYR319 and LEU309) of the Fc fragment of immunoglobulin, with 2-mercaptobenzimidazole showing stronger binding interactions.     

Comprehensive branching analysis of polyethylene by combined fractionation and thermal analysis

Linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) and low density polyethylene (LDPE) differ significantly in their branching types and branching distributions. For a comprehensive analysis, preparative temperature rising elution fractionation and/or preparative molar mass fractionation are used to fractionate typical LLDPE and LDPE bulk resins into narrowly distributed fractions. The chain structures of the bulk resins and their fractions are further analysed using SEC, crystallization analysis fractionation, DSC and high‐temperature HPLC to provide detailed information on short chain branching in LLDPE and long chain branching in LDPE. For LDPE it is shown that the multiple fractionation approach is a powerful source of sample libraries that may have similar molar masses and different branching structures or alternatively similar branching but different molar masses. The analysis of these library samples by thermal analysis provides a much deeper insight into the molecular heterogeneity of the samples compared to bulk sample analysis. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry     

大孔强酸树脂吸附硫脲金

研究了D072大孔强酸性阳离子交换树脂从硫脲[Tu=CS(NH2)2]浸金液中吸附Au(Tu)2+的性能和机理. 结果表明，pH=2.0时，树脂对Au(Tu)2+有优良的吸附性能，金的交换容量为78.95 mg/g (Au/干树脂)，吸附的硫脲金可用乙醇-硫酸水溶液洗脱，洗脱率可达96.5%. D072树脂对Au(Tu)2+的吸附符合Langmuir吸附模型.     

丙烯-α-烯烃无规共聚物的结构表征进展

综述了丙烯无规共聚物的结构表征方法及其结果。改变树脂的微观结构是追求聚丙烯性能多样化的一条重要途径,微观结构的表征工作在聚丙烯新产品及新催化剂研究开发中越来越显出重要的作用。     

柚皮提取物不同级分的抗氧化活性研究

为柚皮资源的精细化利用提供参考依据，采用弱极性的DM130大孔吸附树脂为吸附剂、以不同浓度的乙醇溶液对柚皮提取物进行梯度洗脱，得到5种洗脱级分。采用二苯代苦肼自由基法和硫氰酸铁盐比色法对该5种级分的抗氧化活性进行了测定。结果显示：5种洗脱级分表现出不同程度的清除DPPH自由基和抗亚油酸过氧化活性，其作用大小依次为：水级分、20％乙醇级分、40％乙醇级分、60％乙醇级分和80％乙醇级分，5种洗脱级分的抗氢化活性均高干柚皮苷，但均低于二丁基羟基甲苯。柚皮提取物不同洗脱级分具有不同的抗氧化活性。     

Demonstration and characterization of biomolecular enrichment on microfluidic aptamer-functionalized surfaces

This paper demonstrates and systematically characterizes the enrichment of biomolecular compounds using aptamer-functionalized surfaces within a microfluidic device. The device consists of a microchamber packed with aptamer-functionalized microbeads and integrated with a microheater and temperature sensor to enable thermally controlled binding and release of biomolecules by the aptamer. We first present an equilibrium binding-based analytical model to understand the enrichment process. The characteristics of the aptamer-analyte binding and enrichment are then experimentally studied, using adenosine monophosphate (AMP) and a specific RNA aptamer as a model system. The temporal process of AMP binding to the aptamer is found to be primarily determined by the aptamer-AMP binding kinetics. The temporal process of aptamer-AMP dissociation at varying temperatures is also obtained and observed to occur relatively rapidly (<2 s). The specificity of the enrichment is next confirmed by performing selective enrichment of AMP from a sample containing biomolecular impurities. Finally, we investigate the enrichment of AMP by either discrete or continuous introduction of a dilute sample into the microchamber, demonstrating enrichment factors ranging from 566 to 686×, which agree with predictions of the analytical model.     

Recovery of Technetium with Active Carbon Column in Partitioning Process of High-Level Liquid Waste

Blistering and exfoliation of several tungsten alloys, which cause surface damage, were investigated using 3-MeV He-ion bombardment at room temperature (RT), 400, and 550°C. The alloy W-0.3TiC, which was fabricated by the mechanical alloying method and had an ultrafine grain structure, a K-doped W alloy, and pure W metal were examined to explore a way of suppressing the surface damage. In RT irradiation, surface exfoliation occurred at a fluence of (1–2) × 10²² He/m² in all the tested specimens. In the case of 550°C irradiation, surface exfoliation was observed above 2 × 10²² He/m² irradiation in pure W and K-doped W, but no surface exfoliation was observed in W-0.3TiC up to a fluence of 2 × 10²³ He/m². The results showed that W-0.3TiC showed a higher resistance to surface exfoliation by He-ion bombardment and the level of resistance was temperature-dependent. The surface morphology, cross-sectional morphology, and microstructure were characterized by transmission electron microscopy. Helium thermal desorption spectrometry was carried out to determine the mechanism whereby the surface attained resistance to the damage through He-ion bombardment. The improvement in the resistance to the surface exfoliation could be attributed to the ultrafine grain structure and the intergranular enhanced He diffusion behavior of the MA-processed material.     

Separation of Heat-Generating Nuclides from High-Level Liquid Wastes through Zeolite Columns

Heat-generating nuclides Cs and Sr were separated from simulated high-level liquid wastes (HLLW) by successive adsorption on columns of ferrierites (F) and zeolite A. Adsorbed Cs and Sr were efficiently eluted with NH₄NO₃ and EDTA solutions, respectively, yielding the recovery over 96%. A simulated waste solution containing 29 components was denitrated with a formic acid up to pH 7.92. The amounts of nuclides adsorbed from this denitrated solution were experimentally estimated to be 0.33 mmol Cs/g·F and 0.19 mmol Sr/g·A, respectively.     

Elution Behavior of Cesium from Ferrierite Column by Using Inorganic Salt and Acid Solutions

The distribution coefficient (K_d) of Cs on ferrierite decreased with increasing concentration of the coexisting inorganic cations in the order of Na⁺>H⁺>K⁺>NH₄ ⁺. A linear relationship with a slope of about —1 was obtained between log K _d and log[M⁺] above 0.1M (=mol/dm³). The retention volume (V _R ) of Cs in chromatography also decreased in a similar manner to K _d , depending on the kind of inorganic cations. The V _R value can be predicted from the K _d value based on the linear relation. The column efficiency was improved with fine particles of ferrierite, yielding the elution percentage above 95%.     

Recovery of Heat-Generating Nuclides in Eluted Solutions

To study about microstructure and chemical composition of oxide films formed on surface of stainless steel is most important for understanding of stress corrosion cracking (SCC) and irradiation assisted stress corrosion cracking (IASCC). In this work, a new sample preparation method for microstructure observation of oxide films was developed. To prevent to break oxide films during fabrication, surface of specimens were protected with plating. Focused ion beam (FIB) processing was conducted to prepare thin foil samples of cross section of oxide films. After sample preparation, microstructure of cross section of oxide films was observed by transmission electron microscope (FE-TEM), and microscopic chemical composition was analyzed by energy dispersed X-ray spectrometer (EDS). From the results, effects of silicon (Si) doping for oxide film formation in two oxidation conditions are discussed.