Determination of optimal acid hydrolysis time of soybean isoflavones using drying oven and microwave assisted methods

The aim of the present research was to determine an optimal acid hydrolysis condition using drying oven and microwave assisted methods to estimate isoflavone contents by RP-HPLC in soybean. All isoflavone glucosides were completely converted to their aglycones at 120 min for drying oven and 50 min for microwave. Optimal extraction time of the highest isoflavone aglycone content after acid hydrolysis was achieved in 3 h. These results indicated that the optimised hydrolysis and extraction conditions of isoflavones in soybean were: soybean (1 g) hydrolysed by 10 ml of 1 N HCl at 100 °C for 50 min using microwave assisted acid hydrolysis method, and then 15 ml of EtOH was added to the mixture which leaved alone for 3 h at room temperature for complete extraction. Thus, microwave is an easy, consumed less time, and reliable acid hydrolysis method to estimate soybean isoflavones in comparison with drying oven method.     

Effects of dietary daidzein supplementation of pregnant sows on carcass and meat quality and skeletal muscle cellularity of the progeny

The effects of dietary daidzein during late gestation on maternal performance, neonatal body composition, carcass and meat quality at market weight, and skeletal muscle cellularity were studied. Multiparous sows received a soybean-free diet (n=8, control) or the same diet supplemented with 1mg daidzein/kg body weight (n=7) daily from d 85 of gestation to parturition. Litter size, litter weight, and birth weight remained unaffected by daidzein feeding. In newborn piglets from litters >15, the proportions of muscle tissue and skin tended to be decreased (P=0.09) or increased (P=0.03), respectively, after gestational daidzein feeding. The body fat percentage was higher in response to maternal daidzein (P=0.04). Postnatal growth and carcass composition at 180d of age were not affected, however, maternal daidzein supplementation led to increases in longissimus muscle pH(45) (P=0.02) and pH(end) (P=0.11) in pigs from large litters. The proportion of fast-twitch glycolytic fibres in semitendinosus muscle was increased (P=0.06) by maternal daidzein feeding. The results suggest that supplemental daidzein in the maternal diet during late gestation marginally affects meat quality and skeletal muscle cellularity of the progeny.     

大豆萌发过程中异黄酮变化及提升策略

异黄酮在人体内具有丰富的生理活性,被证明在抗氧化及预防乳腺癌、前列腺癌、骨质疏松症和心血管疾病等方面都有积极的作用,因而逐渐受到功能性食品开发的青睐。萌发是改善植物中营养价值的常见手段,而大量研究结果表明,胁迫环境下的萌发能进一步的提升大豆中异黄酮含量、改善其异黄酮组成。因此多种胁迫萌发的条件被用于评估大豆异黄酮含量的提升效果。本文阐述了萌发以及萌发的环境因素对大豆异黄酮含量的影响以及萌发过程中豆芽不同部位中异黄酮含量的变化差异,并重点介绍了多种提升豆芽异黄酮含量的胁迫策略。以期能够为功能性食品的开发提供帮助,并更加全面了解该领域的研究进展。     

大豆胚芽中豆皂甙、异黄酮甙的提取工艺研究

通过溶剂对比实验及单因素实验确定了从大豆胚芽中同时提取出大豆皂甙和大豆异黄酮甙的最佳提取溶剂及影响浸提效果的相关因素,并通过正交实验确定了最佳提取工艺条件。     

Evaluation of biological activities of a groundnut (Apios americana Medik) extract containing a novel isoflavone

Groundnut (Apios americana Medik) contains a novel isoflavone, genistein-7-O-gentiobioside. In the present study, we examined the biological activities of an alcohol extract of groundnut containing genistein-7-O-gentiobioside as the main component. Although the groundnut extract by itself did not show antioxidative activity, it drove the antioxidative system in cells. Pretreatment of human breast carcinoma MCF-7 cells for 24 h with the groundnut extract and soybean isoflavone increased gene expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), a major antioxidative stress enzyme. These groundnut extract-treated cells showed antioxidative activity against free radicals derived from a radical initiator. Pretreatment of cells with 100 μg/mL groundnut extract prevented the depletion of glutathione by the radical initiator; however, treatment with 100 μg/mL of soybean isoflavone injured the cell membrane, indicating that glutathione might be released to the extracellular environment. These results suggest that the groundnut extract had isoflavone-like activity. Like soybean, groundnuts are a good source of isoflavones.