Application of Hyphenated Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry Techniques to Plant Allelopathy Research

Plant allelopathy offers hope as an additional means of weed control in modern agriculture. Its mechanisms and molecular basis are not yet well understood. Research on the chemical basis for allelopathy has often been hindered by the complexity of plant and soil matrices, making it difficult to track active compounds. Recent improvements in the cost and capabilities of bench-top chromatography–mass spectrometry instruments make these tools more powerful and more widely available to assist with molecular studies conducted in today's expanding field. Such instrumental techniques are herein recommended as economically efficient means of advancing the rigor of allelopathy research and assisting the development of a better understanding of the chemical basis for the allelopathy phenomenon.     

Identification of Human UDP-Glucuronosyltransferase 1A4 as the Major Isozyme Responsible for the Glucuronidation of 20(S)-Protopanaxadiol in Human Liver Microsomes

20(S)-protopanaxadiol (PPD), one of the representative aglycones of ginsenosides, has a broad spectrum of pharmacological activities. Although phase I metabolism has been investigated extensively, information regarding phase II metabolism of this compound remains to be elucidated. Here, a glucuronidated metabolite of PPD in human liver microsomes (HLMs) and rat liver microsomes (RLMs) was unambiguously identified as PPD-3-O-β-d-glucuronide by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and high resolution mass spectrometry. The chemical inhibition and recombinant human UDP-Glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) isoforms assay showed that the PPD glucuronidation was mainly catalyzed by UGT1A4 in HLM, whereas UGT1A3 showed weak catalytic activity. In conclusion, PPD-3-O-β-d-glucuronide was first identified as the principal glucuronidation metabolite of PPD in HLMs, which was catalyzed by UGT1A4.     

基于质谱的蛋白质绝对定量研究策略和建议

科学家已经研究获得了大量的蛋白质/多肽潜在生物标志物,这些生物标志物需要经过验证和确证才能进一步转化到临床应用.针对蛋白质/多肽的绝对定量研究在标志物验证和确证过程中起到关键作用.传统的蛋白质定量方法,如酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)技术存在蛋白质抗体难以获得、不同抗体批次之间存在差异、基于抗体的检测存在交叉反应等问题...     

Metabolomics Mechanism and Lignin Response to Laxogenin C,a Natural Regulator of Plants Growth

Laxogenin C (LGC) is a natural spirostanol deriving from plant hormone which has shown growing regulation similar to those of brassinosteroids. In the present study, LGC showed a promoting effect on tomato seed germination and seedling growth in a dose-dependent manner. We applied LC-MS/MS to investigate metabolome variations in the tomato treated with LGC, which revealed 10 differential metabolites (DMs) related to KEGG metabolites, associated with low and high doses of LGC. Enrichment and pathway mapping based on the KEGG database indicated that LGC regulated expressions of 2-hydroxycinnamic acid and l-phenylalanine to interfere with phenylalanine metabolism and phenylpropanoids biosynthesis. The two pathways are closely related to plant growth and lignin formation. In our further phenotypic verification, LGC was confirmed to affect seedling lignification and related phenylpropanoids, trans-ferulic acid and l-phenylalanine levels. These findings provided a metabolomic aspect on the plant hormone derivates and revealed the affected metabolites. Elucidating their regulation mechanisms can contribute to the development of sustainable agriculture. Further studies on agrichemical development would provide eco-friendly and efficient regulators for plant growth control and quality improvement.     

液相色谱-串联质谱技术在临床检验中的应用研究进展

液相色谱-串联质谱(LC-MS/MS)技术具有高灵敏度、高特异性、高分辨率和高效率的优点。近年来随着仪器灵敏度的提高,LC-MS/MS在常规临床检验中显示出极大的潜力,并在疾病早期预防和诊断中发挥着不可替代的作用。本文对LC-MS/MS在新生儿疾病筛查、维生素D检测、内分泌激素检测、肽类和蛋白质定量分析等临床检验方面的研究进展进行综述,并讨论了未来面临的挑战。     

基于非靶向代谢组技术研究不同发酵温度酱油中代谢产物差异

目的 基于非靶向代谢组学研究不同发酵温度(25、30、35、40℃)酱油中代谢产物差异。方法 采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,UPLC-MS/MS)检测不同发酵温度的酱油样品的代谢物,通过主成分分析(principal component analysis,PCA)、正交偏最小二乘判别分析法(orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis,OPLS-DA)等统计学分析,筛选不同温度发酵酱油的差异代谢物。结果 4种不同发酵温度酱油样品共鉴定出14类266个代谢物。其中,25℃下发酵酱油中氨基酸和有机酸类化合物的含量最高,而35℃发酵酱油的中氨基酸、脂肪酸类和生物碱化合物的相对含量最高。通过OPLS-DA分析研究,鉴定出了37种显著差异代谢物质(变量投影重要性>1),包括有氨基酸9种,糖类和有机酸各5种,生物碱和脂肪酸各4种,芳香类化合物3种,香豆素类、胺类和酚类各2种,黄酮类1种。结论 该研究明...     

液相色谱-串联质谱法测定进出口人参、西洋参中蚜灭磷等6种农药

建立了人参、西洋参中凝胶色谱-固相萃取-液相色谱-串联质谱法测定蚜灭磷、吡虫啉、涕灭威、甲基内吸磷、甲硫威、辛硫磷6种农药的分析方法。样品经丙酮超声提取,凝胶色谱(GPC)净化后,固相萃取(SPE)净化,在HPLC/MS/MS多反应监测(MRM)模式下进行了定性和定量分析方法。在上述检测方法条件下,所测的6种农药的最低检出限为0.01 mg/kg,回收率范围为79.2%~107.3%,线性范围为0.01~0.2 mg/kg。     

LC-MS/MS法定性检测保健品中非法添加的降糖药

建立了同时检测保健品中非法添加的10种化学降糖药的分析方法。用甲醇直接提取,以10 mmol•L^-1 甲酸铵（pH 3.5）和乙腈为流动相,采用Agilent Zorbax SB C₁₈（100 mm × 2.1 mm×3.5 μm）色谱柱进行分离,电喷雾离子源,正离子多反应监测扫描方式分析检测。除阿卡波糖和二甲双胍的检测限为20 mg•kg^-1外,其他降糖药的检测限均不高于1 mg•kg^-1,10种降糖药的回收率为75.2%~116.9%。     

LC-MS/MS法测定人血浆中辛伐他汀浓度

为了建立高效液相色谱-质谱联用法测定人血浆中辛伐他汀浓度的方法,选用Ultimate XB-C₁₈柱（2.1 m×100 mm,3 μm）,以V（甲醇）：V（乙腈）∶V（2.5 mmol/L乙酸铵）=45∶50∶5的溶液为流动相,样品用沉淀蛋白法处理后进样,流速为0.3 mL/min。选用Finnigan TSQ Quantum Access液质联用（LC-MS/MS）分析仪的选择反应监测（SRM）扫描方式进行监测,选择电喷雾离子源ESI,正离子方式。辛伐他汀的线性范围为0.1～20 μg/L,定量下线为0.1 μg/L。准确度与精密度结果显示,方法日间、日内相对标准偏差（RSD）小于15%,方法提取回收率为71.96%～78.44%。稳定性试验中,血浆中辛伐他汀在各种储存条件下均较稳定。试验表明,该方法快速、灵敏,专属性强、重现性好,可用于人血浆中辛伐他汀浓度的测定和药代动力学研究。     

LC-MS/MS分析结合优化提取工艺探究啤酒中麸质蛋白

大多数啤酒蛋白来自大麦和小麦,它们含有与乳糜泻疾病有关的富含脯氨酸的麸质蛋白成分.本研究选择0.1 mol/L醋酸铵甲醇和丙酮作为优化溶液,分别提取啤酒样品中醇不溶和醇溶的麸质蛋白组分,最大限度地获取麸质蛋白信息.采用优化的麸质蛋白提取工艺,结合液相色谱-质谱法(LC-MS/MS)分析8种市售啤酒的麸质蛋白.结果表明,...