亚临界流体萃取高效脱除枸杞中的农药残留

为有效去除枸杞中农药残留以提高食用安全性,该研究采用亚临界流体萃取技术脱除毒死蜱、氯氰菊酯、多菌灵等常见7种残留农药,探究不同溶剂类型、萃取温度、萃取时间和次数对残留农药的去除效果。研究表明,亚临界流体脱除农药残留的最佳条件为：萃取剂丁烷:乙醇2:1(W/W)、萃取温度30℃、萃取时间40 min、萃取次数2次。在此条件下,克百威、氯氟氰菊酯、氯氰菊酯和毒死蜱的脱除率分别为95.53%、92.73%、93.58%和93.41%,吡虫啉、多菌灵和氟虫腈的脱除率分别为86.61%、89.04%和89.59%;处理后枸杞中主要成分枸杞多糖、甜菜碱和水分的损失率分别为为4.50%、4.41%和0.54%,活性成分损失较小。亚临界流体萃取技术可以显著降低枸杞中农药残留,同时达到无损脱除的效果,是一种绿色环保的农残脱除手段。     

LED的寿命,你真正理解了吗?

LED技术起始于半导体行业,却带给照明行业应用上的大发展。作为一个新兴事物,有很多问题都在探索当中。LED一个显著的特点就是超长寿命。但没有确切的试验,这超长寿命是如何得来的?它与传统照明理解的寿命有什么不同吗?本文将从LED寿命这个看似简单的问题作为出发点,来系统的分析和梳理LED元件及系统的寿命问题。通过比较与传统照明的异同点,分析当今最新标准来帮助LED的使用者和系统制造商理解和推导真正的LED的寿命。     

Why the efficiency gains from PBR may turn on Hope

There is renewed interest in PBR in the electric power industry because in theory it constitutes a superior alternative to rate-of-return regulation in emulating competitive market outcomes. The superior incentives of PBR derive from breaking the link between allowed revenues and costs. The interplay between the Hope standard and competitive-entry policies enables the regulator to reestablish the linkage between the regulated firm’s revenues and costs. Consequently, the expected efficiency gains from PBR may prove illusory.     

Experimental investigation and numerical simulation analysis of sintered micro-fluidic devices

ABSTRACT

This study investigates the use of numerical simulations to describe the solid-state diffusion of a sintering stage during a metal injection moulding process for micro-fluidic components with 316L stainless steel powders. Finite element (FE) analysis based on a thermo-elasto-viscoplastic model was conducted to describe the densification process of a stainless steel porous component during solid-state sintering. The numerical analyses, which were performed on a 3D micro-structured component with various powder volume loadings to take into account the thermal debinding effect to propose a full debinding sintering simulation, demonstrated that the FE simulation results are in agreement with the experimental ones.     

Hybrid-triggered fault detection filter design for networked Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy systems subject to persistent heavy noise disturbance

In the network environment, the single time-triggered scheme wastes limited bandwidth resources due to all the sampled data are transmitted to the networks, and the single event-triggered scheme may increase system error because of ignoring factors such as changes in network utilization. To reduce the design conservatism, this paper is concerned with the hybrid-triggered L₁ fault detection filter design for a class of nonlinear networked control systems (NCSs) described by Takagi–Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy model. Taking the effects of time-triggered scheme and event-triggered scheme into consideration simultaneously, we construct a fuzzy fault detection system. New results on stability and L₁ performance are proposed for fuzzy fault detection system by exploiting the Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional and by means of the integral inequality method. Specially, attention is focused on the design of fault detection filter that guarantees a prescribed L₁ noise attenuation level . Finally, two examples are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

嵌入式无线智能家居监控系统

随着电子技术与网络技术的飞速发展,使得家居控制呈现出智能化、远程化、无线化的特点。本设计以ARM嵌入式平台作为中心控制装置,利用 GSM 网络、WI－FI 无线通讯技术、nRF24l01无线组网技术、以及基于单片机Atmega16的各类传感器组建了一个智能家居的系统网络。在本地可以按照需要调整电器状态,另一方面各类传感器可以监控家居的安防情况,一旦发现险情,系统通过GSM模块通知远方主人作出相应处理,减少财产损失。本设计对于进一步提高智能家居控制系统的实际应用水平和相关研究具有一定借鉴意义。     

Mapping QTLs Controlling Beneficial Fatty Acids Based on the Embryo and Maternal Plant Genomes in Brassica napus L.

This study was mainly carried out to detect the quantitative trait loci (QTLs) located simultaneously in embryo and maternal plant nuclear genomes for beneficial fatty acid contents of rapeseed under different environments by using a mapping model and mapping populations from a cross of ‘Tapidor’ × ‘Ningyou7.’ Eight, three, six, seven and three QTLs respectively for palmitic, oleic, linoleic, linolenic and eicosenoic acid contents were identified and subsequently mapped on chromosomes A1, A3, A4, A6, A8, A9, C1, C3, C5, C7, C8 and C9. Among them, 12 QTLs were major ones that could respectively explain more than 10 % of phenotypic variation. Two specific genomic regions on A8 and C3 were associated with several QTLs relating to multiple fatty acid contents. Some of the markers such as HBr015 and JICB0633 showed tight linkage with the QTLs, which could be used for improving the fatty acid component(s) of rapeseed.     

Quantitative analysis of α-mangostin in hydrophilic ointment using near-infrared spectroscopy

The objective of this research was to quantify the α-mangostin content in mangosteen pericarp (MP) ointment as a colloidal dispersion using near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy. Various concentrations of MP (IP and EP) ointments containing both internal and external pericarps were prepared and the NIR spectra of these ointments were measured. The NIR spectrum of each ointment was correlated with α-mangostin concentration by partial least square (PLS) regression. Validation of the models was performed and their predictive ability was also investigated. The equation and R² value for the prediction of α-mangostin concentration in IP ointment were y?=?0.9843x?+?0.4441 and 0.9730 and those in EP ointment were y?=?0.9569x?+?0.1142 and 0.9136, respectively. The biases of the IP and EP ointment models were 0.23 and 0.00, respectively. The results showed that NIR could be a useful tool for the quality control of herbal medicine in hydrophilic ointment without any sample preparation. It could predict α-mangostin content in hydrophilic ointment at very low concentration with sufficient accuracy.     

基于某变电站L90保护误动作分析

针对某变电站内线路正常运行时突发差动保护动作,后期进行认真检查核对后,发现是一起误保护动作过程,实际上L90保护出厂时自身相关参数返回时间过长而导致的误动作。     

激光修补技术在修复薄膜图形缺陷上的应用——薄膜图形缺陷激光修补机

阐述了应用激光修补技术在玻璃基板上去除金属及其化合物薄膜和在玻璃基板上沉积金属薄膜的图形缺陷修补原理与方法;简述了影响薄膜图形缺陷修补质量与效率的关键技术;简单介绍了薄膜图形缺陷激光修补机的系统构成及其技术与性能指标.